2012年自考英語(二)語法輔導(dǎo)：詞型轉(zhuǎn)換

更新時(shí)間：2012-08-17 10:55:46 來源：|0

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　　劃詞變成動(dòng)詞

　　1. adj./n. +ize ------ v. …化

　　computerize, modernize, realize, socialize, centralize, specialize, normalize, popularize, memorize, apologize, criticize, hospitalize,

　　2. n./adj.+ en ------ v. 使...

　　soften, shorten, widen, threaten, sharpen.

　　3. en + n. ------v. 使成為...

　　endanger, enjoy, enlarge, enrich, enable,

　　4. n. /adj. +fy-------vt. 使…

　　beautify, specify, simplify,轉(zhuǎn)自環(huán) 球網(wǎng) 校edu24ol.com

　　變成名詞

　　--ment: movement, development, payment, retirement, excite, attach

　　--ness: 抽象名詞，狀態(tài)，性質(zhì)，程度：soft, hot, cold, ill, fit, weak, loneliness, bitter, stubbornness, helplessness, emptiness,

　　---ship: 身份，地位 membership, professorship, scholarship, friendship

　　v. n.(adj.) + y---n. 抽象名詞：beauty, jealousy, mastery, enquiry, honesty, accuracy, difficulty, recovery, modesty, recovery

　　adj.+ ity----n. regular, solid, equal, stupid, responsible, electricity, cruelty, hospitality

　　v. + ation (tion) ---n. prepare, admiration, association, organization, repeat, compete, perfection

　　adj. +th. ---n. long, wide, strength, grow,

　　--ce (cy)----n. patience, convenience, difference, confidence, independence, efficiency, infancy, democracy, bureaucracy, innocence, existence, secret(secrecy), private, bankrupt, intimate.

　　--ful. mouthful, handful, houseful

　　其它：relieve---- relief, appear---appearance, disappear―disappearance, king---kingdom, free---freedom, see--- sight, bravery, mockery, snobbery

　　變成形容詞

　　--ing, excite, please, surprise轉(zhuǎn)自環(huán) 球網(wǎng) 校edu24ol.com

　　--ed, excite, please, surprise

　　--ful eventful, forget, joy, hope, success, dutiful

　　--less, careless, mindless, helpless, limitless, selfishless, speechless, shameless----n. ness

　　---able, imagine, cure, comparable, valuable, sensible,

　　---(a)tive, creative, active, image, produce, sensitive, effective, informative, talkative, imitative, preventive

　　---some, tiresome, troublesome, awesome, wearisome, lonesome, fearsome, quarrelsome, burdonsome

　　--ary, moment---momentary, custom---customary, revolutionary

　　其它：office-official, face ? facial, please ? pleasant

　　否定前綴

　　in: 相反的性質(zhì)，對(duì)立 equality, justice, curable, capable, ability, immortal, moral, perfect, regular, legal, competence, correct, formal, efficiency, proper, justice, religious, responsible, resistibly, relevant, rational,

　　un: fortunate, approve, honest, happy, lucky, grateful, easy

　　dis: agree, approve, honest, appear,

　　non: nonsense, non-existent, non-smoker, non-violence, non-verbal, non-standard, non-iron

　　anti : anti-war, anti-trust, anti-cancer, anticlockwise, antiknock, antifreeze, anti-fascist,

　　over―過于，overcrowded, oversleep, overwork, overjoy, overestimate, oversimplify, overburden, overreacted, oversimplify

　　合成詞

　　直接合成

　　adj. + n. ---n. short-term, sweetheart, gentlemen, newcomer, sweetheart, briefcase

　　adj. + n.---adj. 一般加連字符 first-rate, first-hand, high-grade,

　　n. + n. ?n. notebook, sunglasses, newspaper, headline, thumbnail, gravestone, fireplace

　　n. + adj. ? adj. airtight, snow-white, self-confident, color-blind, seasick, blood-red, home-sick, coal-black, ice-cold, seasick

　　v. + adv. ---n. feedback, sit-in, set-up, check-out, take-off, breakthrough, comeback

　　有變化

　　n. + 及物動(dòng)詞+er――復(fù)合名詞best-seller, lie-detector, lady-killer, type-writer, tape-recorder, pain-killer, watch-maker, record-holder, tax-payer,

　　n. +過分---adj. heartfelt, machine-made, self-educated, battery-powered, computer-designed, bloodshot, home-made, snow-covered, heart-broken, panic-stricken,

　　ox-eyed, iron-willed, star-shaped, honey-mouthed, cream-colored, war-torn,

　　n. + v.ing --- 名詞 air-conditioning, paper-correcting, horn-blowing, money-making, sight-seeing, house-keeping

　　adj./adv./n. + v.ing ---形容詞labor-saving, breath-taking, life-giving, hardworking, high-sounding, innocent-looking, far-reaching, ever-lasting, good-looking,

　　adj./數(shù)+n.+ed.---adj. blue-eyed, good-mannered, bad-tempered, broad-minded, one-sided, double-faced, three-legged, medium-sized, cold-blooded, deep-rooted, double-faced,

　　n. +n. +ed ---adj. cone-shaped, level-headed, web-footed, ox-eyed, star-shaped, iron-willed, cream-colored, honey-mouthed

　　adj./adv. + 過去分詞---adj. ill-natured, well-informed, so-called, well-kept, well-grounded, widespread, well-dressed, poorly-written, newborn, highly-praised

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