自考英語（一）語法輔導(dǎo)：被動(dòng)語態(tài)詳解(1)
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被動(dòng)語態(tài)
被動(dòng)語態(tài)的句子中的主語是動(dòng)作的承受者，即行為的對象。轉(zhuǎn)自環(huán) 球 網(wǎng) 校edu24ol.com
被動(dòng)語態(tài)的構(gòu)成是由助動(dòng)詞be加上及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞。be的人稱和數(shù)要和句中主語一致，并表現(xiàn)出時(shí)態(tài)特征。
凡是不愿或不必說出主動(dòng)者時(shí)，使用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。此外，在強(qiáng)調(diào)或突出動(dòng)作對象時(shí)，常使用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。
1.用法
(1)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)
A statement of owners' equity is frequently prepared to accompany the balance sheet and income statement. 通常編寫所有者權(quán)益表隨同資產(chǎn)負(fù)債表和收益表。
All our shoes are made by hand. 我廠出品的鞋都是手工制造的。
The article is retailed at a higher price than when it was bought wholesale. 物品的零售價(jià)高于購進(jìn)時(shí)的批發(fā)價(jià)。
(2)一般過去時(shí)
She was praised for her economical management of the budget. 她因?qū)︻A(yù)算的管理有方而被表揚(yáng)。
An urgent telephone call was made to the company's treasure. 公司財(cái)務(wù)收到一個(gè)緊急電話。
(3)一般將來時(shí)
Your will be introduced to the office building. 將向您介紹辦公大樓。
Will storekeepers be prosecuted for raising prices without government permission? 店主會(huì)不會(huì)因未得到政府許可提價(jià)而被起訴?
(4)過去將來時(shí)
She told me that her father would be taken to hospital the next morning. 她告訴我第二天早晨她的父親將被送到醫(yī)院去。
(5)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)
These trade terms have been developed by mercantile custom and standardized to a certain extent. 這些貿(mào)易條款是在商業(yè)慣例中形成并在一定程度上標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化了的。轉(zhuǎn)自環(huán) 球 網(wǎng) 校edu24ol.com
The consumers should unlearn the propoganda with which they have been fed by the advertizers. 消費(fèi)者應(yīng)當(dāng)摒棄廣告商所作的廣泛的宣傳。
(6)過去完成時(shí)
They told him that the meeting had been cancelled. 他們告訴他會(huì)議已被取消。
(7)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)
In some developed countries， children are being taught by computers. 在一些發(fā)達(dá)國家，孩子們的課程是用計(jì)算機(jī)講授的。
Computers are being used to predict the weather. 計(jì)算機(jī)正被用來預(yù)測天氣。
(8)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)
The conversation was being recorded. 那時(shí)在對那次談話進(jìn)行錄音。
The street was being widened. 街道那時(shí)在加寬。
The problem was being studied. 那時(shí)在研究這個(gè)問題。
(9)有兩個(gè)賓語的主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)變被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)
We allowed them a commission of 5 per cent. 我們給他們5%的手續(xù)費(fèi)。
?、?They were allowed a commission of 5 per cent.
② A commission of 5 per cent was allowed them by us.
We shall give Mr. John a warm welcome. 我們將熱烈歡迎約翰先生。
?、?Mr. John will be given a warm welcome.
?、?A warm welcome will be given to Mr. John.
?2012年高教自考網(wǎng)絡(luò)輔導(dǎo)課程招生簡章
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