自考英語（一）語法輔導：被動語態(tài)詳解（1）
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被動語態(tài)
被動語態(tài)的句子中的主語是動作的承受者，即行為的對象。
被動語態(tài)的構成是由助動詞be加上及物動詞的過去分詞。be的人稱和數(shù)要和句中主語一致，并表現(xiàn)出時態(tài)特征。
凡是不愿或不必說出主動者時，使用被動語態(tài)。此外，在強調(diào)或突出動作對象時，常使用被動語態(tài)。
1.用法轉自環(huán) 球 網(wǎng) 校edu24ol.com
(1)一般現(xiàn)在時
A statement of owners' equity is frequently prepared to accompany the balance sheet and income statement. 通常編寫所有者權益表隨同資產(chǎn)負債表和收益表。
All our shoes are made by hand. 我廠出品的鞋都是手工制造的。
The article is retailed at a higher price than when it was bought wholesale. 物品的零售價高于購進時的批發(fā)價。
(2)一般過去時
She was praised for her economical management of the budget. 她因對預算的管理有方而被表揚。
An urgent telephone call was made to the company's treasure. 公司財務收到一個緊急電話。
(3)一般將來時
Your will be introduced to the office building. 將向您介紹辦公大樓。
Will storekeepers be prosecuted for raising prices without government permission? 店主會不會因未得到政府許可提價而被起訴?
(4)過去將來時
She told me that her father would be taken to hospital the next morning. 她告訴我第二天早晨她的父親將被送到醫(yī)院去。
(5)現(xiàn)在完成時
These trade terms have been developed by mercantile custom and standardized to a certain extent. 這些貿(mào)易條款是在商業(yè)慣例中形成并在一定程度上標準化了的。轉自環(huán) 球 網(wǎng) 校edu24ol.com
The consumers should unlearn the propoganda with which they have been fed by the advertizers. 消費者應當摒棄廣告商所作的廣泛的宣傳。
(6)過去完成時
They told him that the meeting had been cancelled. 他們告訴他會議已被取消。
(7)現(xiàn)在進行時
In some developed countries， children are being taught by computers. 在一些發(fā)達國家，孩子們的課程是用計算機講授的。
Computers are being used to predict the weather. 計算機正被用來預測天氣。
(8)過去進行時
The conversation was being recorded. 那時在對那次談話進行錄音。
The street was being widened. 街道那時在加寬。
The problem was being studied. 那時在研究這個問題。
(9)有兩個賓語的主動結構變被動結構
We allowed them a commission of 5 per cent. 我們給他們5%的手續(xù)費。
?、?They were allowed a commission of 5 per cent.
② A commission of 5 per cent was allowed them by us.
We shall give Mr. John a warm welcome. 我們將熱烈歡迎約翰先生。
?、?Mr. John will be given a warm welcome.
?、?A warm welcome will be given to Mr. John.
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