2014年自考英語一課堂筆記之unit3(2)

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　　sound effect　音響效果　　　three-dimensional effect 立體感

　　lighting effect　燈光效果　　 cause and effect　因果

　　no effects　無存款(銀行在空頭支票上的批語)

　　be of no effect無效　　　　　bring sth. to effect　實(shí)行，實(shí)施

　　in effect實(shí)際上　　　　　　　take effect　見效;生效

　　17. climate n. 氣候

　　The change in climate might be one of the causes for the extinction of dinosaurs.

　　(氣候的變化也許是恐龍滅絕的一個(gè)原因。)

　　In cold climates， some of the livestock have to be kept indoors all winter.

　　(在寒冷的氣候區(qū)，一些牲畜得在室內(nèi)一冬。)

　　In the present economic climate we can make greater achievement.

　　(在目前的經(jīng)濟(jì)氣候下，我們能夠取得更大的成就。)

　　weather n. 天氣

　　The football match had to be put off because of bad weather.　(由于天氣不好，足球比賽被推遲了。)

　　What's the weather like in Hangzhou? I hope it is not as hot there.(杭州的天氣怎么樣?希望那兒不那么熱。)

　　18. flow n. 流 　 v. 流動(dòng)

　　Heavy rains brought mud flows down the mountain. (暴雨把泥流沖下了山。)

　　The doctor stopped the flow of blood. (醫(yī)生把血止住了。)

　　The river flows east into the sea. (這條河向東流入大海。)

　　19. furnish v. 供應(yīng)，提供;裝備，(用家具)布置

　　The school has decided to furnish the library with some new books.　(學(xué)校決定給圖書館提供一些新書。)

　　They furnished all the passengers with life jackets. (他們?yōu)樗械某丝吞峁┚壬隆?

　　She wants to furnish her new house with modern furniture.(她想用時(shí)新家具布置新家。)

　　20. highway n. 公路; (水陸)交通干線

　　The canal was the only highway for commerce.(這條遠(yuǎn)河是唯一的商業(yè)路線。)

　　You can find many motels along the highways.(在高速公路沿線你會(huì)看到許多汽車旅館。)

　　21. float v.(使)漂浮

　　Colorful flags are floating in the morning breeze.(彩旗在晨風(fēng)中飄蕩。)

　　When winter comes yellow leaves float down.(冬天到來時(shí)，黃葉飄落。)

　　It will be much easier for you to float the logs down the river.(你們把木材順流下漂將會(huì)容易得多。)

　　本課主要構(gòu)詞法

　　Affixation　　(詞綴法)

　　1. 反意詞前綴un- 　　　unusual，unwilling

　　2. 形容詞后綴-y 　　　salty

　　3. 名詞后綴-or 　　　sailor

　　Compounding 　　(合詞法)

　　1. 復(fù)合名詞 　　　highway，steamship，airplane

　　2. 復(fù)合形容詞 　　　mid-Atlantic，eastward

　　本課簡介

　　The Atlantic Ocean向讀者介紹了有關(guān)大西洋的情況。我們可以了解航行大西洋的過去和現(xiàn)在，也可以了解大西洋“制造”出來的世界之最。

　　本課主要語言點(diǎn)

　　1. The Atlantic Ocean is one of the oceans that separate the Old World from the New.

　　在表示河流，海洋，群島，沙漠等地理名稱的名詞前，以及以復(fù)數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)的國名前要用定冠詞，例如：the Yellow River(黃河)，the Pacific Ocean(太平洋)，the British Isles (不列顛群島)，the Sahara(撒哈拉沙漠)，the Alps(阿爾卑斯山脈)， the Philippines (菲列賓)

　　在表示某一座山，島嶼或某一個(gè)湖時(shí)不用定冠詞，例如：Yellow Mountain(黃山)，Lake Erie(伊利湖)，Hainan Island(海南島)

　　one of +復(fù)數(shù)名詞是英語中常見的用法，請(qǐng)翻譯下面的句子：

　　She is one of the most hardworking students in our class.　(她是我們班學(xué)習(xí)最刻苦的學(xué)生之一。)

　　Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in the world.(上海是世界最大的城市之一。)

　　印度是世界上人口最多的國家之一?！?India is one of the countries with the largest population in the world.)

　　尼羅河是世界上最長的河流之一。(Nile is one of the longest rivers in the world.)

　　在one of +復(fù)數(shù)名詞+定語從句的結(jié)構(gòu)中，定語從句一般被看作修飾復(fù)數(shù)名詞，因此該從句中的謂語要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。例如：

　　This is one of the best novels that have been published this year.　(這是今年出版的最佳小說之一。)

　　Mr. Smith is one of those men who always think they are right.(史密斯先生屬于那些總是認(rèn)為自己正確的人。)

　　He is not one of those who bow before difficulties.(他不是那種在困難面前低頭的人。)

　　但是在the only one of +復(fù)數(shù)名詞+定語從句的結(jié)構(gòu)中，定語從句應(yīng)該被看成修飾單數(shù)名詞。例如：

　　He was the only one of the boys who was praised by the teacher.　(他是男孩中唯一受到老師表揚(yáng)的。)

　　Helen is the only one of those girls who doesn't wear make-up.　(海倫是那些女孩中唯一不化妝的。)

　　separate from是常用詞組，在句子中的意思是“(使)分離，(使)分開”，請(qǐng)翻譯下面的句子：

　　1)英吉利海峽把英法兩國隔開。(The English Channel separates England from France.)

　　2)理論不應(yīng)該脫離實(shí)際。(Theory should not be separated from practice.)

　　the Old world指歐，亞，非三洲，有時(shí)僅指歐洲。the New (World) 指哥倫布發(fā)現(xiàn)的美洲大陸。

　　2. For centuries it kept the Americas from being discovered by the people of Europe.

　　for centuries 意為“許多世紀(jì)”。在英語中用介詞for加表示時(shí)間的復(fù)數(shù)名詞的表達(dá)形式很常見。請(qǐng)翻譯下面的句子：

　　1)I haven't seen you for days. How is everything?(多日不見，一切都好嗎?)

　　2)I haven't seen him for years， I am sure he has changed a lot.　(我多年沒見到他了，他一定變了不少。)

　　3)It seems I have been waiting for you for centuries. Where have you been?(我似乎等了你幾個(gè)世紀(jì)了，你去哪兒了?)

　　keep… from doing 是習(xí)慣用法，意思是“使…不…”。

　　例如：It is really not easy to keep Father from smoking.(要使父親不抽煙真不容易。)

　　請(qǐng)翻譯下面的句子：

　　1)Heavy fog kept the ships from being discovered by the enemy.　(大霧使得船只未被敵人發(fā)現(xiàn)。)

　　2)We had no way to keep him from getting involved in the matter.　(我們沒有辦法使他不卷入那事件中去。)

　　3)那種藥使他的咳嗽不再加劇?！?The medicine keeps his cough from getting more serious.)

　　4)當(dāng)?shù)厝说谋Ｊ厮枷胧沟媚莻€(gè)地方不能快速發(fā)展。

　　(The local people's conservative mind keeps that place from developing rapidly.)

　　3. Many wrong ideas about the Atlantic made early sailors unwilling to sail far out into it.

　　make sb. unwilling to do sth. 意為“使得某人不愿做某事”。例如：His indifference to work made everybody unwilling to cooperate with him.(他對(duì)工作的冷漠態(tài)度使得所有的人都不愿與他合作。)

　　主語+動(dòng)詞+賓語+補(bǔ)語(SVOC)的句型在課本第二單元的語法中已有較詳細(xì)的論述。請(qǐng)翻譯下面的句子：

　　1)His behavior at the dinner party made the host annoyed.　(他在晚宴上的行為使主人很惱火。)

　　2)That film made him famous.(那部影片使他出了名。)

　　3)他剛才的一番話使瑪麗很傷心。(What he said just now made Mary very sad.)

　　4)老師對(duì)他作文的評(píng)價(jià)令他失望。　(The teacher's comment on his composition made him disappointed.)

　　5)What he had done made his friends hesitant to accept the invitation.(他的所為使得他的朋友們對(duì)接受邀請(qǐng)猶豫不決。)

　　6)他的揮霍浪費(fèi)使得他的父母不愿意再給他錢。(His unthriftiness made his parents unwilling to give him any more money.)

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