2014年自考英語一課堂筆記之unit3(4)

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　　days常常指“時(shí)期，時(shí)代”，有時(shí)也表示“一生;生命”。請看例句：

　　1) In his boyhood days， he often went swimming and fishing with his friends.(在他的童年時(shí)代，他常常和伙伴們一起游泳，釣魚。)

　　2) In the days of Queen Victoria， the British colony expanded rapidly.(在維多利亞女王時(shí)代，英國殖民地迅速擴(kuò)張。)

　　3) He has experienced a lot of hardships in his days.(他一生中吃了許多苦。)

　　crew是一個(gè)集合名詞，指“全體船員”，后面的謂語動(dòng)詞可以用單數(shù)也可以用復(fù)數(shù)，此句中謂語動(dòng)詞用的是復(fù)數(shù)were，因?yàn)閺木渥又锌梢酝茢喑鍪窃S多vessels(船)上的船員。Sometimes they were.句子中省略becalmed.

　　15. The Atlantic furnishes much food for the people on its shores.

　　furnish sth. to sb. 意思是“為…提供”，我們同樣可以用furnish sb. with sth.來表達(dá)這個(gè)意思。例如：

　　They furnished blankets and food to the refugees.(他們?yōu)殡y民供應(yīng)毯子和食物。)

　　No one expected that he would furnish the information to the opponent.(誰也沒有料到他會(huì)把消息提供給對手。)

　　Luckily， they have furnished us with a car and all the necessary maps.(幸運(yùn)的是他們?yōu)槲覀兲峁┝艘惠v汽車和所有必要的地圖。)

　　16. One of its famous fishing regions， the Grand Banks， is near Newfoundland.

　　the Grand Banks在句子中做同位語。請看下面的例句：

　　1) This theory was advanced by Einstein， a famous scientist.　　(這個(gè)理論是由著名科學(xué)家愛因斯坦提出的。)

　　2) This is Mr. Benjamin， dean of our department.(這是我們系主任本杰明先生。)

　　3) Qinghai Lake， the largest inland body of salt water in China， lies 3，198 metres above sea-level.(中國最大的內(nèi)陸咸水湖青海湖海拔3，198米。)

　　本課主要詞組及句型

　　詞組：

　　1. separate from　　　　　 　2. keep sb. from doing sth.

　　3. be unwilling to do sth. 　 　　4. between A and B

　　5. make sth unusual　　　　 　6. so…that

　　7. dry up　　　　　　　　 　8. on the average

　　9. rise from　　　　　　　 　10. furnish sth for sb.

　　11. pile up　　　　　　　 　 12. from…to

　　句型：

　　A.定語從句：

　　1) The Atlantic is one of the oceans that separate the Old World from the New.

　　2) Ocean currents affect the climates of the land near which they flow.

　　B.表語從句：

　　1) One idea was that it reached out to “the edge of the world”。

　　2) Another idea was that at the equator the ocean would be boiling hot.

　　C.結(jié)果狀語從句：

　　1) There is so much water in the Atlantic that it is hard to imagine how much there is.

　　2) We now have such fast ways of travelling that this big ocean seems to have grown smaller.

　　D.形容詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)：

　　1) The Atlantic is only half as big as the Pacific， but still it is very large.

　　2) It is more than 4，000 miles wide where Columbus crossed it.

　　3) Even at its narrowest it is about 2，000 miles wide.

　　4) Also， it is the world's saltiest ocean.

　　5) The deepest spot is near Puerto Rico.

　　E.be one of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞

　　The Atlantic Ocean is one of the oceans that separate the Old World from the New.

　　F.it takes sb. some time to do sth.

　　It would take the ocean about 4，000 years to dry up.

　　地理名稱

　　1.(七)大洲和(四)大洋

　　Asia (亞洲) Europe(歐洲) Africa(非洲) North America(北美洲)

　　South America(南美洲) Oceania (大洋洲) the Antarctic(南極洲)

　　The Atlantic(大西洋) the Pacific(太平洋) the Indian(印度洋) the Arctic(北冰洋)

　　2.常用詞

　　continent (大陸) continental shelf(大陸架) subcontinent(次大陸) iceberg(冰山)

　　mountain range(山脈) volcano(火山) delta (三角洲) waterfall(瀑布)

　　gulf(海灣) straits; channel(海峽) coast line (海岸線) beach(海灘)

　　3. 大西洋之最

　　1) The Atlantic is the second largest ocean in the world

　　2) The Atlantic is the saltiest ocean in the world

　　3) Puerto Rico Trench is the deepest in the Atlantic Ocean.

　　4) Gulf Stream is the strongest warm water current in the Atlantic Ocean.

　　5) The Grand Banks near Newfoundland is the most prosperous fishing region in the world.

　　6) The drainage area of the Atlantic is four times that of the Pacific or the Indian.

　　2. 主要屬海和島嶼

　　the Mississippi 密西西比河 the Hudson 哈得遜河 the Amazon 亞馬遜河

　　the Congo 剛果河 Baffin Bay 巴芬灣 the Nigeria 尼日利亞河

　　the Rhine 萊茵河 the Caribbean Sea 加勒比海 the Mexican Gulf 墨西哥灣

　　the Hudson Bay 哈得遜灣 the Mediterranean Sea 地中海 the Black Sea 黑海

　　the North Sea 北海 the Baltic Sea 波羅的克海 Iceland 冰島

　　Greenland 格陵蘭島 Faeroe Islands 法羅群島 Shetland Islands 設(shè)得蘭島

　　Bermudas 百慕大群島 Azores 亞速爾群島 Grenada 格陵納達(dá)島

　　Antilles 安的列斯群島 Trinidad Islands 特里尼達(dá)群島 Malvinas Islands 馬爾維納斯群島

　　Bahamas 巴哈馬群島

　　Text B The Moon

　　短語表達(dá)

　　1. tie to(與…聯(lián)系在一起;使束縛于…)

　　He is seriously ill and has been tied to his bed for almost a month.　　(他病得厲害，已經(jīng)臥床近一個(gè)月了。)

　　Study ties smoking to many diseases.(據(jù)研究，許多疾病與抽煙有關(guān)。)

　　I am sorry I didn't have the time to go shopping with you. I was tied to housework.(很抱歉我沒能有時(shí)間和你一起去購物，家務(wù)雜事把我拴住了。)

　　2. except for(除了…之外)

　　The room is empty except for some chairs.(房間里除了一些椅子空蕩蕩。)

　　Your composition is well written except for some spelling mistakes.(除了幾處拼寫錯(cuò)誤，你的文章寫的不錯(cuò))

　　3. be near to(靠近)

　　The park is near to our school. Let's go boating.(公園離我們學(xué)校很近，我們?nèi)澊伞?

　　The police station is near to our community. It is within walking distance.

　　(警察局離我們社區(qū)很近，步行就能到達(dá)。)

　　4. face towards(朝向)

　　My office is in the building that faces towards the street.(我的辦公室在那座朝街的樓里。)

　　His new house faces towards the south.(他的新房子朝南。)

　　5. keep…in mind(把…記在心里)

　　I am not sure if he would keep what you have said in mind.　(我不能肯定他是否會(huì)把你說的話記在心里。)

　　I will keep this in mind for future reference.(我會(huì)記住這個(gè)，供以后參考。)

　　6. light up(變亮;使容光煥發(fā))

　　Her face lighted up when she heard the news.(聽到那個(gè)消息，她面露喜色。)

　　His face was lighted (lit) up with excitement.(他因興奮而滿面春風(fēng)。)

　　7. reflect(反射)

　　Mirrors reflect light.(鏡子反射光。)

　　The white sand reflected the sun's heat(白沙地反射太陽的熱氣。)。

　　The light reflected from the water into my eyes.(光線投過水面反射到我眼里。)

　　8. …enough for sb. to do sth.(足以讓某人做某事)

　　The room is big enough for us to have a dancing party.　(這間房夠大了，我們可以在里面開舞會(huì)。)

　　The basket is light enough for the little boy to carry.(這只籃子很輕，那個(gè)小男孩能提動(dòng)。)

　　9. speak of(提到，說起)

　　I have never heard him speak of his past.(我從來沒有聽他提起他的過去。)

　　She always looks proud when she speaks of her son.　(說到她的兒子她總是很自豪的樣子。)

　　10. otherwise(不然;另外的)

　　He reminded me of what I might otherwise have forgotten.　　(他提醒了我，不然我可能會(huì)忘記那件事。)

　　He is a little careless， but he is otherwise quite suitable for the job.(他有點(diǎn)粗心，除此以外，他倒是很適合這個(gè)工作的。)

　　He is honest， but his twin brother is otherwise.(他很誠實(shí)，而他的孿生兄弟則不然。)

　　11. nothing but(僅僅，除了…之外沒有什么)

　　There is nothing but a piece of bread in the cupboard.(食櫥里除了一片面包什么也沒有。)

　　He asked for nothing but trust.(除了信任，他什么要求都沒有。)

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