PETS四級模擬題

Section I Listening Comprehension

(30 minutes)???

Directions:

This section is designed to test your ability to understand spoken English. You will hear a selection of selected materials and you must answer the questions that accompany them. There are three parts in this section: Part A, Part B, and Part C.

Remember while you are doing the test you should first put down your answers in your test booklet. At the end of the listening comprehension section, you will have 5 minutes to transfer all your answers from your booklet to ANSWER SHEET 1

If you have any questions, you may raise your hand NOW as you will not be allowed to speak once the test has started.??

Now look at Part A in your test booklet.??

Part A?

You will hear a passage about vegetable growing. Listen and complete the sentences in questions 1～5 with the information you have heard. Write not more three words for each answer. You will hear the recording twice.

1. By growing vegetables which live in cool climate in the hot places, they will grow faster and .

2. What the engineers used is simply.?

3. They placed pipes in the soil and cold water flowing through them cools .?

4. What is especially appealing about this process is that nothing damaging to is being used.?

5. Another innovative use for cold ocean water is .??

Part B?

You will hear a passage. Answer questions 6～10 while you listen. Write as simply as possible for each answer. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read each questions.??

6.As a result of rising university costs, what are many students finding it necessary to do ??

7. For some students, what could these part _ time jobs lead to?

8. What kind of part _ time job requires the least time??

9. To ask for information, what should the students bring?

10. Who'll give hints to successful interviewing?

Part C?

You will three dialogues or passages. Before listening to each one, you will have time to read the questions related to it. While listening, answer each question by choosing A, B,C or D. After listening, you will have time to read your answer.You will hear piece only once.?

Questions 11～13 are based on the following passage. You now have 15 seconds to read questions 11～13.

11. How did the friend get into the flat??

［A］ Through the kitchen window.?

［B］ Through the living _ room window.?

［C］ The door was not locked.?

［D］ The neighbor gave him the key.?

12. Why did the speaker ask his friend to help himself to food and drink?

［A］ The friend was very hungry.?

［B］ There were eggs and chicken in the refrigerator.?

［C］ He would come home late.?

［D］ The friend was very good at cooking.?

13. Why was the speaker astonished??

［A］ The friend was expecting to stay with him.?

［B］ There was no key under the door _ mat.

［C］ The friend had a wonderful meal in his absence.

［D］ The friend got into the neighbor's flat.

Questions 14～16 are based on the following passage You now have 15 seconds to read the questions 14～16.??

14. How far is the earth away from the sun??

［A］ 93 million miles.?

［B］ 193 million miles.?

［C］ 930 million miles.?

［D］ 93 billion miles.?

15. What is the temperature on the sun??

［A］ Not clear.?

［B］ 10,000 degrees Fahrenheit.?

［C］ 10,000 degrees Centigrade.?

［D］ Over 2,000 degrees Fahrenheit.?

16. Which of the following is true according to the passage??

［A］ The sun's light comes from millions of candles.?

［B］ Most of the sun's heat and light are received on the earth.?

［C］ The temperature of the sun is the same as that of the earth.?

［D］ Without the correct balance of heat and light, life on the earth would not be possible.

Questions 17～20 are based on the following passage. You now have 20 seconds to read the questions 17～20.??

17. What was the woman doing when the policeman found her??

［A］ She was lying near a lonely road.

［B］ She was driving along a lonely road.

［C］ She was ill seriously.

［D］ She was having a terrible accident.

18. According to the woman's account, what happened to her?

［A］ She was attacked by robbers.

［B］ She escaped from her family.

［C］ She survived traffic accident.

［D］ She was forced to enter a flying saucer.

19. Which of the following statements is true?

［A］ The woman was intended to leave her husband without telling him.

［B］ The woman had met some creatures from outer space.

［C］ The woman and the creatures couldn't understand each other.

［D］ The creatures could read and speak English.?

20. What is the title of the passage?

［A］ An astonishing story about husband and wife.

［B］ An astonishing story about a woman and a flying saucer.

［C］ Flying saucer.

［D］ An astonishing story about a policeman and a woman.

Section II Use of English??

(15 minutes)???

Read the following text. Choose the best word or phrase for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.

There was a time when parents who wanted an educational present for their children would buy a typewriter, a globe or an encyclopedia set.?

Now those 21 seem hopelessly old _ fashioned: this Christmas, there were a lot of22computers under the tree. 23 that computers are their key to success, parents are also frantically insisting that children24taught to use them on school-as early as possible.?

The problem for schools is that when it25computers, parents don't always know best. Many schools are 26 parental impatience and are purchasing hardware without 27 educational planning so they can say,"OK, we've moved into the computer age." Teachers 28 themselves caught in the middle of the problem-between parent pressure and 29 educational decisions.?

Educators do not even agree30how computers should be used. A lot of money is going for computerized educational materials 31 research has shown can be taught32with pencil and paper. Even those who believe that all children should33to computer warn of potential34to the very young.?

The temptation remains strong largely because young children 35 so well to computers. First graders have been 36 willing to work for two hours on math skills. Some have an attention span of 20 minutes.?

37 school, however, can afford to go into computing, and that creates 38 another problem: a division between the haven's and have _ note's. Very few parents ask 39 computer instruction in poor school districts,40there may be barely enough money to pay the reading teacher.??

21.［A］ items ［B］ toys［C］ sets ［D］ series?

22.［A］ private ［B］ children ［C］ school ［D］ personal?

23.［A］ Given ［B］ Provided ［C］ Convinced ［D］ Believed?

24［A］ are ［B］ be［C］ are being［D］were?

25.［A］ talks about ［B］ comes to［C］ turns to［D］ mentions?

26.［A］ ignorant of ［B］ blaming ［C］ yielding to ［D］ improving

27.［A］ reason ［B］ sound［C］ hard ［D］ some?

28.［A］ relied on［B］ relaxed［C］ freed ［D］ found?

29.［A］ wise ［B］ clever［C］ slow ［D］ enough?

30.［A］ on［B］ with［C］ to［D］ among?

31.［A］ however ［B］ where［C］ what ［D］ that?

32.［A］ equally ［B］ the same way ［C］ just as well［D］ not as well

33.［A］ be open ［B］ have access［C］ look ［D］ turn?

34.［A］ approaches［B］ exposures ［C］ dangers［D］ laziness

35.［A］ adopt ［B］ keep ［C］ adapt ［D］ devote?

36.［A］ watched［B］ seen［C］ told ［D］ taught

37.［A］ High ［B］ Not every［C］ No［D］ Any?

38.［A］ already［B］ of course［C］ in addition ［D］ yet

39.［A］ for ［B］ against［C］ to buy ［D］ to use?

40.［A］ in that ［B］ in any case［C］ although ［D］ where

(60 minutes)???

Part A?

Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A,B,C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. ??

Text 1?

One hundred and thirteen million Americans have at least one bank _ issued credit card. They give their owners automatic credit in stores, restaurants, and hotels, at home, across the country, and even abroad, and they make many banking services available as well. More and more of these credit cards can be read automatically, making it possible to withdraw or deposit money in scattered locations, whether or not the local branch bank is open. For many of us the"cashless society"is not on the horizon-it's already here.?

While computers offer these conveniences to consumers, they have many advantages for sellers too. Electronic cash registers can do much more than simply ring up sales. They can keep a wide range of records, including who sold what, when, and to whom. This information allows businessmen to keep track of their list of goods by showing which items are being sold and how fast they are moving. Decisions to reorder or return goods to suppliers can then be made. At the same time these computers record which hours are busiest and which employees are the most efficient, allowing personnel and staffing assignments to be made accordingly. And they also identify preferred customer for promotional campaigns. Computers are relied on by manufacturers for similar reasons. Computer analyzed marketing reports can help to decide which products to emphasize now, which to develop for the future, and which to drop. Computers keep track of goods in stock, of raw materials on hand, and even of the production process itself.?

Numerous other commercial enterprises, from theaters to magazine publishers, from gas and electric utilities to milk processors, bring better and more efficient

services to consumers through the use of computers.??

41. According to the passage, the credit card enables its owner to .?

［A］withdraw as much money from the bank as he wishes?

［B］obtain more convenient services than order people do?

［C］enjoy greater trust from the storekeeper?

［D］cash money where he wishes to?

42. From the last sentec of the first paragraph we learn that.?

［A］in the future all the Americans will use credit cards?

［B］credit cards are mainly used in the United States today

［C］nowadays many Americans did not pay in cash?

［D］it is now more convenient or use credit cards than before?

43. The phrase"ring up sales"most probably means .?

［A］make an order of goods?

［B］record sales on a cash register?

［C］call the sages manager?

［D］keep track of the goods in stock?

44. What is this passage mainly about??

［A］Approaches to the commercial use of computers.?

［B］Conveniences brought about by computers in business.?

［C］Significance of automation in commercial enterprises.?

［D］Advantage of credit cards in business.?

45. It can be inferred that?

［A］ Computers will bring disaster.?

［B］ Computer industry will not develop faster.?

［C］ Computers will bring about more convenience to people's life.?

［D］ None.??

Text 2

Studies of the effect that makes many of us slumber or feel sleepy during the queen's Speech on Christmas Day have revealed that changes may be required in Britain's drink drive legislation.?

Dr James Horne, director of the Sleep Research Laboratory at Loughborough University, is investigating pose _ lunch sleepiness."We humans are designed to sleep twice a day, once at night and a short nap after lunch, but in this part of the world we tend to repress that."?

It is a remnant of the same primeval programming that makes all animals in the bush rest in the hot afternoon sun to conserve energy.?

"Hot environments make it worse and many cultures living near the equator", says Dr Horne,"have conceded to the inevitable, where the afternoon siesta is the way of life."?

In this studies Dr Horne has been investigating the role of alcohol."The theory is that if you are more sleepy after lunch then it figures that alcohol will be more potent after lunch. One would figure then that a pint of beer at lunchtime has more effect than in the evening, when people are more alert. Indeed, we find that it has about twice the effect."?

This has more sinister implications."If people take alcohol up to the legal driving limit, their performance is seriously impaired after lunch." He said.?

It seems that alcohol interacts with the circadian rhythm of sleep to cause afternoon sleepiness, so that one pint at lunch _ time is equivalent, in effect, to a quart in the evening.?

"For this reason, most drivers ought not to drink at all at lunchtime and the legal blood alcohol limit is no guide to 'safe'driving here,"said Dr Horne.?

For those who wish to enjoy the Queen's speech, Dr Horne recommends mild exercise, a splash of cold air or cold water on the face, or a cup of coffee. Otherwise, take a cat nap. But this should be less than 15 minutes,"otherwise, sleep really sets in and one can wake up feeling very groggy and far sleepier than to ??? be in with."

46. It is implied that British people

［A］like to take a short nap after lunch.

［B］don't take a short nap after lunch.

［C］don't feel sleepy after lunch.

［D］like to sleep twice a day.

47. take a rest in the hot afternoon sun.

［A］All animals in the bush

［B］The remnant of the same primeval programming

［C］The same primeval programming

［D］All animals in the world

48. Most drivers ought not to drink at all at lunch time because

［A］alcohol will be less potent after lunch.

［B］a pint of beer at lunchtime is equivalent to a quart in the evening, it cause afternoon sleepiness.?

［C］people are more alert at lunchtime.

［D］it is not legal to drink at lunchtime.

49. According to the passage, if you sleep more than 15 minutes after lunch

［A］you will be refreshed.

［B］you will be waken up.

［C］you will feel far sleepier.

［D］you will take a cat nap.

50. It can be inferred that

［A］ People are not allowed to drive after they drink one quarter in the evening.

［B］ People are still allowed to drive after they drink one quarter in the evening.

［C］ People are still allowed to drive after they drink out pint at lunch _ time.

［D］ None.

Text 3

Society was fascinated by science and things scientific in the nineteenth century. Great breakthroughs in engineering, the use of steam power, and electricity were there for all to see, enjoy, and suffer. Science was fashionable and to it is not surprising that, during this great period of industrial development, scientific methods should be applied to the activities of man, particularly to those involved in the processes of production. Towards the end of the nineteenth century international competition began to make itself felt. The three industrial giants of the day, Germany, America, and Great Britain, began to find that there was a limit to the purchasing power of the previously apparently inexhaustible markets. Science and competition therefore provided the means and the need to improve industrial efficiency.?

Frederick Winslow Taylor is generally acknowledged as being the father of the scientific management approach, as a result of the publication of his book. The Principles of Scientific Management, published in 1911. However, numerous other academics and practitioners had been actively applying such approaches since the beginning of the century. Charles Babbage, and English academic, well _ known for his invention of the mechanical computer (with the aid of a government grant as long as 1820) applied himself to the costing of processes, using scientific methods, and indeed might well be recognized as one of the fathers of cost accounting.

Taylor was of well _ to _ do background and received an excellent education but, partly owing to troubles with his eyesight, decided to become an engineering apprentice. He spent some twenty _ five years in the tough, sometimes brutal, environment of the US steel industry and carefully studied methods of work when he eventually attained supervisory status. He made various significant innovations in the area of steel processing, but his claim to fame is through his application of methods of science to methods of work, and his personal efforts that proved they could succeed in a hostile environment.?

In 1901, Taylor left the steel industry and spent the rest of his life trying to promote the principles of managing scientifically and emphasizing the human aspects of the method, over the slave _ driving methods common in his day. He died in 1915, leaving a huge school of followers to promote his approach worldwide.??

51. According to the passage, what was badly needed to improve industrial efficiency?

［A］Great breakthroughs.

［B］Unlimited purchasing power.

［C］Science and competition.

［D］International competition.

52. Taylor is most famous for.

［A］his application of scientific methods to work

［B］his book"The Principles of Scientific Management"

［C］his various innovations in steel processing

［D］The spreading of his scientific management method

53. Charles Babbage, an English academic,.

［A］tried to use computers in production processes

［B］first used computers in the area of cost accounting

［C］was the father of modern computers

［D］tried a scientific management approach

54. Taylor's scientific management method was described as .

［A］scientific and human

［B］efficient but slave _ driving

［C］academic but practicable

［D］brutal but highly successful

55. When he died in 1905, Taylor

［A］ purchased a steel mill.

［B］ sold a steel mill.

［C］ started to protect environment.

［D］ left a huge school of followers.

Text 4?

This is the weather Scobie loves. Lying in bed he touches his telescope lovingly, turning a wistful eye on the blank wall of rotting mud _ bricks which shuts off his view of the sea.?

Scobie is getting on for seventy and still afraid to die; his one fear is that he will awake one morning and find himself dead-Lieutenant _ Commander Scobie, O.B.E. Consequently it gives him a severe shock every morning when the water _ carriers shriek under his window before dawn, waking him up. For a moment, he says, he dares not open his eyes. Keeping them fast shut (for fear they might open on the heavenly host) he gropes along the cake _ stand beside his bed and grabs his pipe. It is always loaded from the night before and an open matchbox stands beside it. The first whiff of tobacco restores both his composure and his eyesight. He breathes deeply, grateful for reassurance. He smiles. He gloats. Then, drawing the heavy sheepskin which serves him as a bed _ cover up to his ears, he sings a little triumphal song to the morning.

Taking stock of himself he discovers that he has the inevitable headache. His tongue is raw from last night's brandy. But against these trifling discomforts the prospect of another day in life weighs heavily. He pauses to slip in his false teeth. He places his wrinkled fingers to his chest and is comforted by the sound of his heart at work. He is rather proud of his heart. If you ever visit him when he is in bed he is almost sure to grasp your hand in his and ask you to feel it. Swallowing a little, you shove your hand inside his cheap night _ jacket to experience those sad, blunt, far _ away humps-like those of an unborn baby. He buttons up his pajamas with touching pride and give his imitation roar of animal health-"Bounding from my bed like a lion"-that is another of his phrases. You have not experienced the full charm of the man unless you have actually seen him, bent double with rheumatism, crawling out from between his coarse cotton sheets like a ruin. Only in the warmest months of the year do his bones thaw out sufficiently to enable him to stand erect. In the summer afternoons he walks in the park, his little head glowing like a minor sun, his jaw set in a violent expression of health.?

His tiny nautical pension is hardly enough to pay for one cockroach _ infested room; he ekes it out with an equally small salary from the Egyptian government, which carries with it the proud title of Bimbashi in the Police Force. Origins he h

as none. His past spreads over a dozen continents like a true subject of myth. And his presence is so rich with imaginary health that he needs nothing more-except perhaps an occasional trip to Cairo during Ramadhan, when his office is close

d and presumably all crime comes to a standstill because of the past.??

56. Scobie liked to have his telescope in bed because

［A］he enjoyed looking at the passers _ by, even if he could see the sea.

［B］he refused touching it and looking through it at the wall.

［C］he refused to accept the fact that he could not see the sea.?

［D］he enjoyed looking at he passers _ by, even if he could not see the sea.

57. Every morning Scobie

［A］refused to open his eyes until he had had his first cigarette.?

［B］according to himself, did not open his eyes in case he had died in the night.

［C］denied that he opened his eyes until he had had his first died in the night.

［D］could not see anything when the first noises in the street woke him.?

58. Scobie's morning discovery that he was still alive made him feel

［A］delighted with his success in surviving the night.

［B］delightful because of his achievement in living.

［C］satisfied with his victory over life.

［D］satisfying with his victory over death.

59. When he got out of bed, Scobie?

［A］jumped out like a young man, to show how healthy he was.

［B］got out slowly because he was too busy talking.

［C］could hardly get out although he suffered badly from rheumatism.

［D］got out with difficulty because his homes were stiff and painful.

60. What can his pension enough to pay for？?

［A］ one big apartment?

［B］ a Two _ room apartment?

［C］ one cockroach _ infested room?

［D］ his well _ being life

Part B?

Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET

2.??

61)The main impression growing out of twelve years on the faculty of a medical school is that the No.1 health problem in the U?S. today, even more than AIDS or cancer, is that Americans don't know how to think about health and illness.

62)Our reactions are formed on the terror level. We fear the worst, expect the worst, thus invite the worst. 63)The result is that we are becoming a nation of weaklings and hypochondriacs, a self _ medicating society incapable of distinguishing between casual, everyday symptoms and those that require professional attention.?

Somewhere in our early education we become addicted to the notion that pain means sickness. We fail to learn that pain is the body's way of informing the mind that we are doing something wrong, not necessarily that something is wrong. We don't understand that pain may be telling us that we are eating too much or the wrong things; or that we are smoking too much or drinking too much; or that there is too much emotional congestion in our lives; or that we are being worn down by having to cope daily with overcrowded streets and highways, the pounding noise of garbage grinders, or the cosmic distance between the entrance to the airport and the departure gate. We get the message of pain all wrong. Instead of addressing ourselves to the cause, we become pushovers for pills, driving the pain underground and inviting it to return with increased authority.?

64)Early in life, too, we become seized with the bizarre idea that we are constantly assaulted by invisible monsters called germs, and that we have to be on constant alert to protect ourselves against their fury.65)Equal emphasis, however, is not given to the presiding fact that our bodies are superbly equipped to deal with the little demons and the best way of forestalling an attack is to maintain a sensible life _ style.

Section IV Writing??

(35 minutes)???66.The opening up policy has brought about great advances in various fields in China, yet a few still claim that things were much better before.

There is a discussion in a newspaper on these two viewpoints.?

Write an essay to the newspaper?

1) criticizing their view and?

2) justifying your stand.?

In your essay, make full use of the information provided in the graphs printed below.

You should write 160_200 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.?

Section Voral Test

Part A?

Interlocutor:?

●Good morning/afternoon. Could I have your mark sheets, please? Thank you.??

●My name is and this is my colleague .He/She is just going to the listening to us. So, you are and ?Thank you.??

●First of all we'd like to know something about you, so I'm going to ask some questions about you.??

●Can you say something about yourselves?(Where are you from? What can you tell me about your family? Can you tell me something about your work or studies? Do you have any hobbies? How did you become interested in your hobby?)??

Part B?

Interlocutor:?

●Now I'd like you to talk about something between yourselves, but speak loudly so that we can hear you. You should take care to share the opportunity of speaking.(Put the picture in front of both candidates and give instructions with reference to the picture)??

●Suppose you are classmates. You are talking about the end of the school term. Both of you are going to leave school and start work. Discuss between yourselves that you'd like to do after leaving school and why you want to choose the job.

●This picture is for your reference. You have three minutes for this. Would you like to begin now, please?

Part C?

Interlocutor:

●I'm going to give each of you a picture and I'd like you to first briefly describe and then give your comment on what you see in the picture.?

(Put picture 1 in front of both candidates)??

●Candidate A, this is your picture. You have three minutes to talk about it.

●Candidate B, listen carefully while Candidate A is speaking. When he/she has inished, I'd like you to ask him/her a question about what he/she has said.??

●Candidate A, would you like to begin now, please??

Candidate A:(Three minutes)?

picture 1

Interlocutor:?

●Thank you. Now, Candidate B, could you please ask your partner a question?

(Half a minute for asking and answering the question)?

(Take back picture 1 and put picture 2 in front of both candidates)??

●OK, Candidate B, here is your picture. You also have three minutes to talk about your picture.??

●Candidate A, listen carefully while Candidate B is speaking. When he/she has finished, I'd like you to ask him/her a question about he/she has said.??

●Candidate B, would you like to begin now, please??

Candidate B:(Three minutes)?

Distance

picture 2?

Interlocutor:

●Thank you. Now, Candidate A, could you please

ask your partner a question?

(Half a minute for asking and answering the question)??

●Thank you. That is the end of the test.?

 

 

 

???模擬試題參考答案????

Part A?

1. taste better 2. cold sea water 3. the earth?

4.the natural environment 5. to cool buildings??

Part B?

6. To take on part _ time jobs 7. Full time work after graduation

8. Child care?

9. A resume10. Our counselors??

Part C?

11.［B］ 提問方式，從文中：but fortunately, the living _ room window just by the apple tree had been left open and he had climbed in.可以看出他的朋友是從窗戶爬進去的，故答案為B。?

12.［C］原因題。需要注意文中表示原因的句子。從原文可以發(fā)現(xiàn)以as引導的句子：as I was likely to be home rather late, I advised him to go into the kitchen and help himself to food and drink, 可見原因是我可能回來很晚，故答案為C。?

13.［D］原因題，從短文最后可以得出答案：I listen to these all in astonishment. There is no apple tree in front of my room, but there is one in front of my neighbor's room.他的朋友走錯了房子，所以答案是D。?

14.［A］提問具體信息，問太陽與地球之間的距離。從短文：one is its distance from the earth. This is about ninety _ three million miles.可以發(fā)現(xiàn)答案為A。

15.［B］具體信息，見原文：the temperature on the sun is about ten thousand degrees Fahrenheit. 可見答案為B。注意B與C之間的區(qū)別：數(shù)字一樣，但后面的單位不同。

16.［D］判斷題，需找出符合原文的選項。A 明顯不對。B亦不對，因為：but we only receive a small part of this heat. C根據(jù)常識可以判斷不對，所以答案為D。?

17.［Ａ］提問具體信息，從文中第一句：some years ago, an American police men found a woman lying near a lonely road.可以發(fā)現(xiàn)答案為A。?

18.［D］從文中第二段開頭：she was driving along a country road when she was stopped by a flying saucer landing in front of her. She had been forced to leave the car and enter the flying by some creatures.可以發(fā)現(xiàn)D為正確答案。?

19.［B］判斷題，要求找出與原文相符的選項。A文中沒有提到。B符合原文。C不符合原文，因為：these creatures looked like human beings and could easily make themselves understood although they couldn't speak. D 從C中所引的句子也可以判斷不對。因此B為正確答案。?

20.［B］主旨歸納題。從全文來看，文章主要講一個女人和外星人的故事，故答案為B。

Section II?

21.根據(jù)原文第一段的內(nèi)容，本小題空白處所填入的詞語指的就是第一段中所例舉的與教育有關(guān)的禮物，諸如打字機、地球儀、百科全書這些東西。toys 專指玩具，sets 指的是一套或一組的東西，series 用于表示叢書之類的東西，這幾個詞都過于具體，不能囊括上述作為與教育子女有關(guān)的禮物。items 常用來指一組事物或一清單中的一項，正好可以填入本小題空白處。因而，選項A為正確答案。

22.這道小題主要是區(qū)分private 與personal 的具體用法。前者強調(diào)的是"歸私人所有的"，經(jīng)常譯成漢語的"私有的"，"私人的"，如a private letter（私人信件），for private reasons（出于私人原因）。而 personal 雖然在某些方面與private 的含義及用法相同，如也可以說 personal affairs（私事）。但是personal主要強調(diào)是"個人的"，"個人用的"。所以本小題正確選項應當為D。 personal computer 指個人用計算機。?

23.given 為過去分詞，可用來引導條件狀語，意思為"在有......的情況下"，"如果有......"，"假定......"，例如Given good health, I hope to finish the work this year.（在身體好的情況下，我希望今年把工作干完。）Given that he can get the same treatment again, he is sure to get well.（如果他能再得到同樣的治療，他肯定會好起來。）provided (that) 或 providing (that) 可以用來作從屬連詞，作用相當于if，引導條件狀語從句， 意思為"如果......的話"，"只要......"，如Provided that there is no opposition, we shall hold the meeting here.（如果沒有反對意見的話，會就開到此為止。）believe 為動詞，意思為"相信"，"認為"，后面直接跟賓語，很少用過去分詞的形式作狀語。而convince 意為"使相信，說服"，常用于句型convince sb. of sth. 和 convince sb. + that （從句），而且常常用過去分詞形式表示"相信"，如Covinced of the truth of the report, he told his colleagues about it.（他相信了報道的真實性，把這件事告訴了同事們。）根據(jù)本小題空白處前后詞語的意思以及結(jié)構(gòu)，正確選項應當為C。?

24.本小題空白處前面的謂語動詞是insist。這個動詞常用的句式中有insist + that（從

句），表達兩種意思：1）表示"堅持認為（說）"，從句應該用陳述語氣，如Though all his friend criticized him, he insisted that he had done nothing wrong.（雖然朋友們都批評他，但他堅持說他沒有做錯。）2）表示"堅決要求"，"堅決主張"，這時從句應該用虛擬語氣，無論主語是什么人稱，動詞都用原形或should + 原形，如He insisted that she (should) go at once.（他堅持要求她馬上就走。）本小題句子的意思是"父母們深信計算機是使孩子走向成功的必備之品，所以，他們堅決主張應盡早教孩子們學會使用電腦。"因此本小題應選答案B。?

25.when 和it comes to 搭配在一起使用時，表示"當說到......"，或"當涉及到......"，如He is not good at sports, but when it comes to English he is the best one in the class.（他雖然不擅長于體育運動，但是談到英語，班里沒有人能比得上他。）本小題正確選項應當為B。?

26.本小題要求根據(jù)題意選擇一個合適的詞組或詞。be ignorant of 的意思為"不知道"，"對......無知"，如What his plans are I am quite ignorant of. （我對他的計劃一無所知。）blame的意思為"責怪"，常用的句式為blame sth. on sb. 或者blame sb. for. sth. 如He blamed his failure on her. 或 He blamed her for his failure.（他把失敗怪罪到她的頭上。） yield to 的意思為"屈服于......"，"讓步"，如We will never yield to force.（我們是決不會屈服于武力的。）improve 的意思為"改進"，"改善"。句中談到"由于家長們急不可耐，許多學校迫于壓力，在沒有做出任何慎重合理的教學計劃的情況下便購買了計算機。"所以從意思上講，本小題的正確選項為C。?

27.本小題空白處與上面的小題同屬一個句子，顯然應當選擇選項B。sound 作形容詞時，除可表示"健全的"，"完好的"，還可表示"可靠的"，"合理的"，相當于reasonable。?

28.分析小題涉及的句子可以看出，本小題空白處后面是一個復合賓語結(jié)構(gòu)，而四個選項提供的詞語中，只有find這個詞可以跟復合賓語。因此，本小題正確選項應當為D。

29.這道小題的正確選項為A。wise 的意思是"明智的"，"聰明的"，經(jīng)常用來指行動上或決定等方面的正確性，如He was wise enough not to drive when he was feeling ill.（他很明智，在感到身體不適時不去開車。）選項B］ clever的意思也是"聰明"，但是其一般強調(diào)的是智力上的聰明，如He is clever at making excuse. （他很會找借口。）

30.本小題的選項給出了四個介詞，顯然是一道搭配題。除了選項D］ among之外，動詞agree和這其余介詞搭配使用時，都可表示"同意"，但是各自的側(cè)重點卻有所不同。agree on表示"就......取得一致意見"，如We all agree on (making) an early start.（我們一致同意及早出發(fā)。）agree with 表示"與......意見一致"，"與......相符"，后面既可以跟表示人的名詞或人稱代詞，也可以跟表示意見、看法的名詞或what引出的從句，如I agree with you without reservation.（我毫無保留地同意你的意見。）We agree with what you said just now.（我們同意你剛才所說的意見。）agree to 表示"同意某一建議或安排并參與執(zhí)行"，如They all agree to our plan.（他們都同意我們的計劃<并要參與執(zhí)行>。）根據(jù)題意，本小題正確選項應當為A。?

31.根據(jù)小題空白處所在的句子結(jié)構(gòu)，這里需要填入一個引導定語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞。選項A］ however和選項C］what不能引導定語從句，可以排除。選項B］where雖然可以引導定語從，但其先行詞應當是表示地點的詞語，故也可以排除。因而本小題的正確選項為B。這個句子的結(jié)構(gòu)比較復雜，關(guān)系代詞that 引導的定語從句本身又是一個復合句，that指代先行詞material，在定語從句中的賓語從句里作主語。

32.本小題空白處所在的句子的意思是"大量的資金被花在用計算機實施教育的材料上了，而這些材料用普通的紙和筆來教給學生，也能取得同樣好的效果。"根據(jù)本小題句意，顯然選項C是正確的答案。?

33.be open to意思為"對......開放"，turn to 意思為"轉(zhuǎn)向"，"求助于"，look to 意思為"照顧"，"照料"，這幾個詞語填入小題空白處顯然意思不通。只有have access to正確，其意思為"進入"，"能接近、了解、使用......"，如Students have access to the library during the vacation.（假期學生們可以使用圖書館。）根據(jù)本小題句子的意思，應選擇選項B。?

34.在本小題四個選項里，選項A］approach，選項B］exposures和選項C］dangers都可以和介詞to 搭配使用。approach to 意思為"接近"，"處理......的方式(方法)"，如There is no easy approach to this question.（沒有處理這個問題的簡單方法）；exposure to 意思為"暴露于......"，如Her skin was dry after exposure to the wind.（經(jīng)過風吹后她的皮膚很干。）danger to 意思為"對......有危險"，如Narrow and winding roads are a danger to drivers. （狹窄而迂回的路對司機來說是危險的。）根據(jù)本小題的意思，正確選項應當為C。?

35.選項中adopt是一個及物動詞，意思為"采納"，"采用"，"通過"，如The board adopted the proposal in the end after much debate.（經(jīng)過許多爭論后，董事會最終通過了這個提議。）adapt 表示"適應"，常和介詞to 搭配使用，如He has not adapted himself to the climate here.（他還沒有適應這里的氣候。）devote 也可以和to 搭配使用，表示"致力于......"，如Every spare moment of his was devoted to English study.（他把自己所有的空閑時間都用來學習英語了。）Mary devotes much of her time to cooking.（瑪利把她大部分的時間都用在做吃的上了。）根據(jù)本小題的意思，正確選項應當為C。?

36.本小題主要是要求辨別選項A］watched 和選項B］seen 的含義。前者主要著眼于觀看比賽、電視等動態(tài)的事物，如I am sure they are watching the football game in the dorm.（我敢肯定他們正在宿舍里觀看足球比賽。）而后者則著眼于"看到"之意，如Have you ever seen him play football?（你看到過他踢足球嗎？）本小題正確選項應當為B。

37.在前面，作者談到各個學校都在買電腦。但是本段的話題發(fā)生了變化，作者談到并不是所有的學校都買得起電腦。所以從邏輯上看，此處應填答案B。?

38.本小題要求根據(jù)上下文的內(nèi)容選擇填入空白處在意義和結(jié)構(gòu)上都正確的詞語。already 意思為"已經(jīng)"，of course 意思為"當然"，in addition 意思為"除此之外還......"。而yet 的用法比較復雜，應注意以下幾點：1）用在否定句中，表示"還（沒有）"，如I'm not quite clear yet about this question.（我還不太明白這個問題。）2）用在疑問句中，表示"已經(jīng)"，如Have you finished it yet?（你已經(jīng)做完了吧？）3）表示"仍然"，"還在"，"還得"，如Father rose early and is working yet.（父親起得很早，現(xiàn)在還在工作。）4）和比較級連用，表示"更加"，如This is bad; that is yet

worse.（這個不好，那個更糟。）5）和another 或more連用，表示"還有"如I've had yet another bill.（我還有一份賬單。）根據(jù)本小題句意，正確的選項應當為D。?

39.從上下文來看，本小題句子的意思是"在貧困地區(qū)，幾乎沒有哪位父母要求計算機教學"。選項B］意思不對，選項C］，D］不能和后面的instruction銜接，都可以排除。因而，本小題正確選項應當為A。

40.很明顯，這個句子是對上一句話的原因進行說明的，因而選項A為正確答案。in that 是從屬連詞，用在這里引導狀語從句表示原因，相當于because。例如I like the city, but I like the county better in that I have more friends in the county.（我喜歡城市，但我更喜歡鄉(xiāng)村，因為我有更多的朋友在那里。）In any case 表示"不管怎么樣"，如：In any case I shall return in a day or two.（無論如何，我會在一兩天內(nèi)回來。）

Section III?

41.［B］ 主旨題。此題答案是第一段中心思想，答案根據(jù)第一段第二、三句推知。

42.［C］ 推理題。此題答案根據(jù)第一段最后一句的"cashless society"推知。

43.［B］ 推理題。此短語含義根據(jù)第二段第二句提到的機器"cash registers"推知。

44.［B］ 主旨題。文章主題依據(jù)文中例舉的計算機帶來的便利推知，因此A、C、D選項不對。?

45.［C］ 推理題。此題答案根據(jù)第三段推知。?

46.［B］ 含蓄題。此題答案由第二段第二句推知"We humans are designed to sleep twice a day...but we tend to repress that"。?

47.［A］具體題。此題答案在第三段。?

48.［B］ 具體題。此題答案在第七、八段。?

49.［C］ 具體題。答案在第九段第三句。?

50.［A］ 推理題。此題答案根據(jù)第七段推知。由于alcohol可引起afternoon sleepiness, C選項不對；根據(jù)one pint at lunch _ time與a quarter in the evening造成sleepiness效果等同，因此B選擇不對，A選項為答案。?

51.［C］具體題。文章第一段主要談的是科學給工業(yè)帶來的巨大突破和工業(yè)巨頭們開始感到競爭的必要性。所以要提高生產(chǎn)效率，科學和競爭是必需的。參閱第一段最后一句。

A選項不全面。工業(yè)上的重大突破，如蒸汽機的問世，電的發(fā)明，科學管理方法的應用，都促進了工業(yè)的發(fā)展，但這只是一個方面。

B 選項不全面。工業(yè)的發(fā)展需要一個廣闊的市場，而到19世紀末，國際競爭加劇，原來似乎取之不盡、用之不竭的（inexhaustible）市場現(xiàn)已近枯竭，這時三大工業(yè)巨頭更加感覺到，他們應該利用科學的方法提高生產(chǎn)效率，以加強其競爭力占領(lǐng)有限的市場。?

D選項不全面。只競爭還不夠，要占領(lǐng)市場還需要更新更好的產(chǎn)品，即科學的生產(chǎn)方式。

52.［A］ 具體題。泰勒主要是以其科學的管理方法在工作中的應用而聞名于世。注意文章第3段第3句中的關(guān)鍵詞"his claim to fame is through...""意為""他的成名是通過......"。

B選項這本書的出版使泰勒成了科學管理方法之父，并有一大批學術(shù)界人士和實踐者追隨，但他并不以此聞名于世。

C 選項第3段第3句中轉(zhuǎn)折詞"but"的使用說明他并不是因為在煉鋼領(lǐng)域進行了各種重大改革而成名的。

D選項從文章的3、4段中了解到，泰勒是在成名后的有生之年，進行科學管理方法的推廣工作的。所以D是不對的。?

53.［D］ 具體題。文章的第2段談到了從20世紀初，一大批學術(shù)界人士和實踐者一直在積極地探索和應用科學管理方法，而英國的科學家Charles Babbage則成功地將科學管理方法運用于成本核算中，被認為是成本核算的鼻祖之一。?

A選項不正確。從文章第2段第3句了解到，曾以發(fā)明機械計算器聞名的英國科學家Charles Babbage致力于成本核算的研究工作，而不是把計算機用于生產(chǎn)中。apply oneself to意為"致力于"。?

B選項不正確。他在成本核算中運用了科學方法而不是計算機，參閱D的解釋。?

C 選項"computer"這里意為"計算器"。因為在20世紀初還沒有計算機，原文也并未指出他是計算機的發(fā)明者，所以C是錯的。?

54.［A］ 具體題。從文章的第4段第1句可看出，泰勒強調(diào)管理的科學性和人文因素（如老板和工人對工作的興趣和積極性）而不是當時普遍的趕鴨式的勞動方法。emphasize A over A 意為"與A相比更強調(diào)A"，slave _ driving意為"嚴厲的監(jiān)管和使工人過度工作"。?

B］"有效但趕鴨式的"與文章內(nèi)容不符。C］"學究氣但實用的"不具體。D］"殘忍的但很成功"與文章內(nèi)容相矛盾。

55.［D］ 具體題。此題答案在第四段最后一句，文中指出"...died in 1915, leaving a huge school of followers to promote his approach worldwide"。?

56.［C］ 具體題。參見第一段第二句"...he touches his telescope lovingly...

the blank wall of rotting mud bricks which shuts off his view of the sea"。

57.［B］ 具體題。參見第二段前三句"...still afraid to die (keep them (eyes) fast shut (for fear they might open on the heavenly host)..."。?

58.［A］ 具體題。參見第二段第五、六、七句"(restores both his composure and his eyesight...grateful for reassurance"。?

59.［D］ 推理題。此題根據(jù)第三段倒數(shù)第二句推知。原文"Only in the warmest...

his bones thaw out sufficiently to enable him to stand erect"表明他的骨頭有問題

，因此D選項對。?

60.［C］具體題。參見第四段第一句。

Part B?

61.醫(yī)學院的學生在學習12年之后得到的主要印象是如今美國的頭號健康問題甚至比艾滋病或癌癥更嚴重，那就是美國不知道如何考慮健康和疾病的問題。

62.我們對上述問題的反應僅形成在恐懼的層次上。我們害怕最壞的情況，期待最壞的情況出現(xiàn)，這樣做的結(jié)果是導致最壞的情況出現(xiàn)。

63.結(jié)果是我們成了一個體弱多病的和患有疑病的國家，成為了一個自我治療的社會。我們無法區(qū)分臨時的、日常的病癥和那些需要專業(yè)醫(yī)生治療的病癥。

64.小時候，我們也曾被一種怪異的想法所支配，那就是我們一直不斷地遭受一種看不見的、叫做"細菌"的怪物的攻擊，而且我們不得不時刻保持警惕，以防這些怪物發(fā)怒時對我們的身, , 體造成傷害。

65.但是我們沒有對另外一個決定性事實給予同樣的重視。這個事實就是我們有完美的身體機質(zhì)來對付這群小惡魔，而對它們的攻擊采取先發(fā)制人的最佳方法是保持一種明智的生活方式。