公共英語二級考試復(fù)習(xí)資料:購物

第十八課   購物

    1、相關(guān)文化背景知識介紹

    ⑴ 關(guān)于IBM公司

    IBM，即國際商業(yè)機(jī)器公司，1914年創(chuàng)建于美國，是世界上最大的信息工業(yè)跨過公司，目前150多個(gè)國家和地區(qū)都可以看到IBM的身影。隨著世界經(jīng)濟(jì)和現(xiàn)代科學(xué)的不斷發(fā)展，IBM始終以尖端的技術(shù)，出色的管理和獨(dú)樹一幟的產(chǎn)品滿足世界范圍內(nèi)顧客對信息處理的多方需求。如網(wǎng)絡(luò)管理、系統(tǒng)管理、龐大數(shù)據(jù)庫、強(qiáng)大的可伸縮服務(wù)器、系統(tǒng)集成等方面，而且IBM對美國航空事業(yè)也做了重要貢獻(xiàn)。

    ⑵ 關(guān)于美國對紡織品標(biāo)簽的規(guī)定

    標(biāo)簽應(yīng)該貼在消費(fèi)者容易發(fā)現(xiàn)和看到的地方，而且固定和清晰可見；也應(yīng)注明水洗的順序。對于紡織品纖維含量，標(biāo)簽應(yīng)注明是一種還是多種纖維構(gòu)成；不同纖維的重量百分比；制造商姓名或聯(lián)邦貿(mào)易委員會的識別號碼。對于羊毛產(chǎn)品標(biāo)簽應(yīng)注明羊毛類型、重量百分比和原產(chǎn)地；紡織品成分含量標(biāo)簽包括產(chǎn)品中纖維的名稱、所占比例和原產(chǎn)地；包裝標(biāo)簽注明紡織品尺寸、成分和原產(chǎn)地。

    2、核心詞匯講解

    ⑴ measure  v.  量
    考點(diǎn)：measure up to/ with  夠得上，達(dá)到（標(biāo)準(zhǔn)等）；符合
      measure oneself against/ with  同。。。較量
    例句：The tailor measured him carefully before making a suit for him.

    ⑵ doubt   n. 懷疑
    考點(diǎn)：beyond/without doubt  無疑地，確實(shí)地，肯定地
      no doubt 確實(shí)很可能
    例句：There is no doubt that he is guilty.

    ⑶ deliver  v. 遞送，傳送；發(fā)表，宣布
    考點(diǎn)：deliver（oneself）of 講；表達(dá)
    deliver oneself to 向。。。投案，向。。。自首
    deliver over/up  交出，移交
    例句：The postman at last delivered the letter we had been waiting for a long time.

    ⑷ feature  n. 特色，特征
    考點(diǎn)：make a feature of 以。。。為特色
    例句：Her eyes were her best feature.

    ⑸ compatible  v. 兼容的，協(xié)調(diào)的
    考點(diǎn)：be compatible with 與。。。相適應(yīng)，不矛盾，相似
    例句：Their marriage came to an end because they were simply not compatible with each other.

    ⑹ desire   n.  欲望；愿望
    考點(diǎn)：at sb.’s desire 應(yīng)某人的要求
      have a strong desire to do sth. 迫切想做某事
    例句：The people expressed their desire that the war(should) come to end soon.

    ⑺ steal  v. 偷，竊取
    考點(diǎn)：steal along  悄悄前進(jìn)
    steal away  （把某物）偷走溜掉；（時(shí)間）不識不覺地過去
    steal off 偷去，拿跑
    例句：I had my wallet stolen yesterday when I was shopping in the market.

    ⑻ judge  v. 判斷；審理
    考點(diǎn)：judging by/from  根據(jù)。。。來判斷
      judge by appearances 以貌取人
    例句：You shouldn’t judge strangers always by the clothes they wear.

    3、核心短語講解

    ⑴ run short of  缺少，快用完
    同義詞組還有 in defect of , there is lack of. 例如：
    Now we are running short of food.

    ⑵ for now  目前，暫時(shí)
    表示時(shí)間的短語，同義詞組還有for the moment, at the present time, at present.例如：
    For now I don’t want to have a holiday.

    ⑶ be in touch 聯(lián)系，接觸
    后面通常接 with sb./sth. 指‘與某人聯(lián)系/了解某事’，be out of touch 指‘與。。。失去聯(lián)系’。例如：
    We will be in touch again tomorrow.

    ⑷ be compatible with  與。。。兼容，適合，一致
    當(dāng)‘與。。。兼容’講時(shí)，主語通常是機(jī)器、設(shè)備等。例如：
    His idea is compatible with that of his father.

    ⑸ on sale  出售，上市，廉價(jià)出售
    在美語中通常是指廉價(jià)出售，一般是圣誕節(jié)后出現(xiàn)降價(jià)高潮。例如：
    This book is on sale at present.

    4、核心句型講解

    ⑴ There’s not much chance of that but they’ll definitely be ready in March, two months from now, I suppose.
    講解：chance指‘可能性，機(jī)會’，常用的詞組by chance 指‘偶然地，意外地’和by any chance 指‘或許，可能’。其他句型：There is a chance that… 指‘有。。?？赡堋＠纾?BR>    There is a chance that you can get the visa.

    ⑵ The only way to be sure you really do get what you pay for is to read the label care fully on everything you buy.
    講解：do在這里沒有實(shí)際意義，只是起強(qiáng)調(diào)動詞get 的作用。pay for 指‘支付，付款’。The only way to do sth. is to do…指‘做。。。事情的唯一方式是。。?！蓚€(gè)to都是不定式。例如：
    The only way to pass the exam is to study hard.

    ⑶ Several citizen’s groups have been influential in demanding that companies list the exact content of goods and the length of time the product can be considered fresh, as with milk and other dairy products.
    講解：that引導(dǎo)的是demanding的賓語從句，the exact content和the length of time構(gòu)成了 list的賓語。 be influential in sth./doing sth. 指‘對。。。有影響的’。例如：
The mother is influential in her daughter’s decision.

    5、重點(diǎn)語法知識講解

    不用被動語態(tài)的情況

    不用被動語態(tài)的情況一般包括不及物動詞或不及物動詞短語、系動詞和某些特殊的及物動詞?，F(xiàn)舉例如下：

    ⑴ 不及物動詞或不及物動詞短語，如 appear, die, disappear, end, fail, happen, last, lie, take等
    After the fire, very little remained of my house.
    The accident happened last week.

    ⑵ 系動詞如 appear, be, become, fall, feel, get, grow, keep, look, seem, smell, sound, stay, turn等
It sounds good.

    ⑶ 一些及物動詞或動詞短語如 fit, have, hold, marry, own, wish, cost, notice, watch, arrive at/in, shake hands with, succeed in, suffer from, happen to, take part in, belong to 等
    This key just fits the lock.

    ⑷ 帶同源賓語的及物動詞如 die/death, dream/dream, slive/life 等以及反身代詞、相互代詞不能用于被動語態(tài)。例如：
    She dreamed a bad dream last night.

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