公共英語二級考試復(fù)習(xí)資料:社會關(guān)系
第二十八課 社會關(guān)系
1、相關(guān)文化背景知識介紹
⑴ 關(guān)于美國緬因州
緬因州位于美國東北部,在1820年成為美國的第二十三個州。緬因州的自然資源比較豐富,湖泊和森林眾多,因而緬因州被昵稱為‘松樹州’,而山雀被稱為緬因州的州鳥。奧古斯塔是首府,位于緬因州的西南部,緬因州最大的城市是波特蘭,風(fēng)景秀麗迷人,附近有著名的肯姆登丘陵州公園。
⑵ 關(guān)于國外斗牛節(jié)
斗牛在國外被認(rèn)識是一種體育娛樂運動,美國的西部牛仔經(jīng)常舉行斗牛比賽,世界上最有名氣的應(yīng)該是西班牙的斗牛,在那里斗牛稱為‘國技’,素有‘斗牛王國’之稱。西班牙斗牛的歷史悠久,最初只是人們獵取野獸的方式,最終逐漸地演變成一種娛樂形式并建立了眾多斗牛場。馬德里頻繁得舉行斗牛比賽,全國上下的人們都瘋狂地?zé)釔圻@一運動。
2、核心詞匯講解
⑴ donate v. 捐贈,贈予
考點:donate… to … …捐贈…
例句:My grandmother donated a large sum of money to the village primary school.
⑵ address v. 向。。。講話,寫信給。致(函等)
考點:address oneself to 對。。。說;著手,從事于
例句:The Education Secretary had to address a hostile crowd of teachers.
⑶ discard v. 丟棄
考點:discard the dross and select the essential 去粗取精
例句:He discarded the old theory.
⑷ foresee v. 預(yù)見,預(yù)知
考點:foresee trouble 預(yù)見到有問題
foresee the rapid increase in …預(yù)知。。。激增
例句:We should have foreseen this trouble.
⑸ intend v. 想要,打算
考點:be intended to (do) 意思是;是用來
be intended to be 規(guī)定為,確定為
It is intended that… 企圖、意圖是。。。
例句:He intends his son to manage the company.
⑹ accomplish v. 完成(任務(wù))等
考點:accomplish a purpose 達(dá)到目的
例句:They accomplished a glorious task.
⑺ possess v. 擁有,占有;支配
考點:be possessed of 擁有,占有
be exclusively possessed by 在。。。把持下
possess oneself of 取得,獲得,把。。。占為己有
possess sb. of sth. 使某人擁有某物;使某人熟悉某事
例句:He possessed 5 acres of land.
3、核心短語講解
⑴ raise funds 募捐,募捐款項
raise 的常用意思是‘舉起,上升’,在這里是‘籌集’的意思,同義詞組為 raise money.
例如: We are raising funds for this orphanage.
They have to raise funds for their activity.
⑵ give the green light to 給。。。開綠燈
green light 本意為‘綠燈’,其比喻意思為‘放行,準(zhǔn)許,批準(zhǔn)’。例如:
Why does the government give the green light to this company?
⑶ the root cause 根本原因
root 的常用意思為‘根,根部’,這里是‘根源’的意思。詞組 root up 指‘根除,肅清’。例如:The root cause of this accident is the driver’s overspeed.
⑷ rest on 依靠,依賴
詞組形式為 rest on sb./sth. ,同義詞組為 depend on sb./sth. 例如:
The poor boy’s hopes rests on his father who left family two years ago.
⑸ run for 競選,當(dāng)。。。候選人
后面接 sb./sth. , 其同義詞組為 run in sth. 例如:
Do you want to run for this position?
4、核心句型講解
⑴ These individual-run offices are also conveniently located in the neighborhoods rather than in downtown areas so ordinary citizens can legal help from them more easily.
譯文:這些個人開辦的事務(wù)所也是十分地方便,它們就在附近地區(qū),而不是在市區(qū),所以普通市民可以從它們那里很容易得到法律幫助。
講解:individual-run 指‘個人開辦的’, 中間要有連字符。be located in 指‘位于,坐落于’,rather than 指‘不要,不是,不愿’,選擇的是前者。例如:
He is going to go abroad rather than his little brother.
⑵ Looking ahead at the next four years, without question unemployment and economy are my major concern and I will no doubt deal with these issues.
譯文:展望以后的4年,毫無疑問失業(yè)和經(jīng)濟是我主要關(guān)心的問題,我將盡力處理這些問題。
講解:Looking… 短語是現(xiàn)在分詞短語,主語是I, without question 指‘毫無疑問’,其同義詞組還有 out of question ,past question。例如:
Without question she is an excellent teacher.
⑶ I intended to campaign hard and not rest on my laurels and I believe the voters are satisfied with what I have accomplished and will support me and re-elect me…
譯文:我打算努力參加競選,不依靠我的殊榮,我相信投票者會對我做的成績滿意,也將支持我,再次選舉我。
講解:intend to do sth. 指‘打算/想要做某事’,what 引導(dǎo)的句子做 are satisfied with 的賓語。 Support 的常用詞組為 support sb./ sth. (in sth.) 指‘支持/幫助某人(某事物)’。例如:
Most of his friends don’t support him in his resignation.
5、重點語法知識講解
⑴ 分詞做狀語,可以表示時間、原因、理由、條件、讓步、連續(xù)等,相當(dāng)于一個狀語從句。
例如:Not receiving any letter from him, I gave him a call.
=As I didn’t receive any letter from him, I gave him a call.
Given more attention, the trees could have grown better.
=If more attention was given, the trees could have grown better.
⑵ 選擇現(xiàn)在分詞還是過去分詞,關(guān)鍵看主句的主語。如分詞的動作是主句的主語發(fā)出的,就選用現(xiàn)在分詞,反之就用過去分詞。例如:
Used for a long time , the book looks old.
Using the book, I find it useful.
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