職稱英語學(xué)習(xí)方法總論(2)

1. Oral English口語學(xué)習(xí)

A. We study spoken English so as to make oral communications, so this order of importance of oral English study should be followed: Fluency, Accuracy, and Appropriateness. That is to say, we have to pay more attention to practical communicating ability instead of only laying emphasis on the grammatical correctness.

我們學(xué)習(xí)口語目的是為了與別人進(jìn)行交流,所以英語口語中的幾個要素的重要次序應(yīng)為:流利-準(zhǔn)確-恰當(dāng).

B. Try to find some partners practicing oral English together and English corner is a good place as where we may exchange English study experience, widen our sight and improve interest in English.

努力尋找學(xué)伴一起練習(xí)口語.英語角是個不錯的地方,在那我們不但可以練習(xí)口語,還可以交流英語學(xué)習(xí)經(jīng)驗,開拓視野,提高英語學(xué)習(xí)興趣.

C. If English partners are not easy to get, then we have to create an English environment ourselves by speaking English to ourselves.

如果找不到學(xué)伴或參加英語角的機(jī)會很少,那么就需要通過自己對自己將英語來創(chuàng)造英語環(huán)境.比如對自己描述所看到的景物,英語口述自己正在作的事情.

D. This method is very effective and easy to insist on--interpreting Chinese-English novels or books. First we read the Chinese parts and then try to interpret them into English and then compare our interpretation with the original versions in the novels or books so that we can find out the mistakes, shortcomings and progresses in our interpretation.

這種方法非常有效且很容易堅持---口譯漢英對照(或英漢對照)的小說或其它讀物.首先我們先讀漢語部分,然后逐句直接口譯成英文,完成一小段后,去看書上的對應(yīng)英文部分并與我們的口譯進(jìn)行比較,我們馬上可以發(fā)現(xiàn)我們口譯的錯誤,缺點和進(jìn)步.

請注意:開始要選擇較簡單的讀物.

這樣作的好處:

1. 自己就可以練習(xí)口語,想練多久,就練多久.
2. 始終有一位高級教師指出您的不足和錯誤---英文原文.
3. 題材范圍極廣,可以突破我們自己的思維禁錮,比如我們總是喜歡談?wù)撐覀冏约菏煜さ脑掝},所以我們總是在練習(xí)相同的語言,進(jìn)步當(dāng)然就緩慢了.
4. 選擇小說,幽默故事或好的短文閱讀,使我們有足夠的興趣堅持下去.
5. 有一些我們在直接學(xué)習(xí)英語課文時被我們熟視無睹的地道的英語用法會被此法發(fā)掘出來.
6. 對所學(xué)知識和所犯錯誤印象深刻.這等于我們一直在作漢譯英練習(xí),很多英文譯文是我們費盡心思憋出來的,所以印象相當(dāng)深刻.比直接學(xué)習(xí)英文課文印象要深的多.

E. Interpreting what you hear---Changing Roles: Three people make a group: one speaks Chinese, one speaks English acting as the foreigner, one acts as interpreter. Then change roles. This is a good interpreting training method and is good for studying from one another. In addition, it may improve the responding ability and speed of students. The advanced stage of this method is simultaneous interpretation.

聽譯法-角色互換:三人一組,模擬翻譯實戰(zhàn).一人將漢語,一人將英語,扮演老外,一人作翻譯.練習(xí)一段時 間后互換角色.這是一種非常好的翻譯訓(xùn)練方法,也是很好的相互學(xué)習(xí),取長補(bǔ)短的方法.而且可大大提高反應(yīng)速度和能力.此法的高級階段為同聲傳譯,我們可以在聽廣播或看電視或開會時,把所聽內(nèi)容口譯英文.

F. Oral composition and 3-minute training method: This method is suitable for intense training. Making an oral composition about a certain topic for one minute the first time and record the composition on tape at the same time. Then listen to the composition and find out the room for improvement. Then make the same composition for two minutes for the second time and also record it. And at last repeat the above-mentioned for three minutes.

口語作文和3分鐘訓(xùn)練法:此法適用于強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練.找好一個題目作一分鐘的口語作文,同時將其錄音.聽錄音,找出不足和錯誤,就此題目再作兩分鐘的的口語作文,同樣錄音,再聽并找出不足與進(jìn)步,繼續(xù)作三分鐘口語作文.這是高級口語訓(xùn)練,效果不俗.

G. Retelling exercise: Retell some articles or English stories in our own words.
復(fù)述練習(xí):用自己的話口語復(fù)述我們所聽的英語故事或文章.

H. If possible, we may read some English tongue twisters loudly and quickly with one or two cakes of candy in our mouth (just as the Chinese cross-talk actors do.) to train our oral cavity muscle and tongues suitable for English pronunciation.
如果可能我們也可以大聲且快速朗讀英文繞口令(就象相聲演員練嘴),還可以同時口中含塊糖以加大強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練的力度.這樣來強(qiáng)我們的口腔肌肉迅速適應(yīng)英文發(fā)音,使我們的口語相當(dāng)流利,清晰,而且還有自信.例如:

A big black bug bit the back of a big black bear. The big black bear bit back the big black bug.
This fish has a thin fin; That fish has a fat fin;
This fish is a fish that has a thinner fin than that fish.
IPaying more attention to phrases and small words as one major shortcoming of Chinese English (especially Chinese oral English) is that Chinese students tend to use big words in their oral language, but the idiomatic oral English is abundant with short, active and vivid phrases. And most of such phrases are made of small words.

特別注意短語(詞組)和小詞的運用,中國式的英語尤其是口語一個很大的缺點就是中國學(xué)生喜歡用大詞,而真正地道的英語口語確是充滿著短小,活潑,生動的短語,富有生氣.而這些短語大部分有小詞構(gòu)成.

J. Oral English has its own features, but it is closely combined with other aspects of English, for example, writing may make oral English precise and accurate.

口語隨自有特色,但與英語的其它方面緊密相連.比如,經(jīng)常練習(xí)寫作,可是口語精密,準(zhǔn)確.

2. Listening comprehension聽力)

A. We may improve our aural ability by speaking English in the native and idiomatic way. The pronunciation, intonation and sentence structure should not be in Chinese style.

可以通過講地道的口語來提高聽力.發(fā)音,語調(diào)和句子結(jié)構(gòu)請不要中國化.既然能說出來,當(dāng)然能聽懂.當(dāng)然這樣作有點難.

B. Keeping a relaxed, natural and steady mood when listening to some materials. Namely, to establish self-confidence and to develop excellent psychological quality are essential in the improvement of aural ability.

在作聽力練習(xí)時,力求保持放松,自然和穩(wěn)定的心態(tài).即建立自信心和培養(yǎng)良好的心理素質(zhì)在聽力提高中致關(guān)重要.

C. We may make some simple notes while listening, for examples, the names of people and places, time, age, distance, occupation, figures and so on to get a better understanding of the content.

在作聽力練習(xí)時,我們可以作些簡單的筆記,例如人名,地名,時 間,年齡,職業(yè),數(shù)字等以便更好地理解材料.當(dāng)然還要以聽為主.

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