2013年職稱英語衛(wèi)生類-補(bǔ)全短文考前通關(guān)訓(xùn)練(6)

　　訓(xùn)練內(nèi)容：補(bǔ)全短文專項(xiàng)練習(xí)

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　　Learning disability

　　Learning disabilities are very common, They affect perhaps 10 percent of all children. Four times as many boys as girls have learning disabilities.

　　Since about 1970, new research has helped brain scientists understand these problems better. scientists now know there are many different kinds of learning disabilities and that they are caused by many different things.______________(46)

　　You cannot look at a child and tell if he or she has a learning disability. There is no outward sign of the disorder,_______________(47)

　　In one study, researchers examined the brain of the learning-disabled person who had died in an accident. They found two unusual things. One involved cells in the left side of the brain, which control language. These cells normally are white.______________(48) the researchers also found that many of the nerve cells were not in a line the way they should have been. The nerve cells were mixed together.

　　The study was carried out under the guidance of Normal Geschwind, an early expert on learning disabilities .Doctor Geschwind proposed at learning disabilities resulted mainly from problems in the left side of the brain. He believed this side of the brain failed to develop normally. “Probably”, he said, “nerve cells there did not connect as they should”. So the brain was like an electrical device in which the wires ware crossed.

　　Other researchers did not examined tissue.____________(49)

　　Frank Duffy experimented with this technique at Children’s Hospital Medical center in Boston. Doctor Duffy found large differences in the brain activity of normal children and those with reading problems.__________(50) Doctor Duffy said his research is evidence that reading disabilities involve damage to a wide area of the brain, not just the left side.

　　A In the learning ?disabled person, however, these cells were gray.

　　B So some researchers began looking at the brain itself to learn what might be wrong.

　　C The differences appeared throughout the brain.

　　D Researchers tried to improve the intelligence of learning ?disabled in different ways.

　　E There is no longer any question that all learning disabilities result from differences in the way the brain is organized.

　　F Instead , they measured the brain’s electrical activity and made a map of the electrical signals.

　　參考答案：E B A F C

　　答案解析：

　　46 E 前一句提到了科學(xué)知道了學(xué)習(xí)缺陷分為多種類型并且由不同的原因引起。接下來應(yīng)該提高其中一種或者幾種的原因，所以E選項(xiàng)“我們已經(jīng)確定的是所有的學(xué)習(xí)缺陷都是由大腦的不同組成方式造成的”是正確的。

　　47 B 前一句提到了我們無法通過觀察就判斷孩子是否有學(xué)習(xí)的缺陷，因?yàn)闆]有任何外在的標(biāo)志，那么下一句就應(yīng)該提到通過什么具體手段來判斷。所以B選項(xiàng)“因此，有些科學(xué)家開始直接研究大腦來確定到底哪里出現(xiàn)了問題?！笔钦_的。

　　48 A 前一句提到正常情況下人們大腦左半球控制語言的細(xì)胞是白色的，那么接下來應(yīng)該說不正常的情況了。所以A選項(xiàng)“然而在有學(xué)習(xí)缺陷的人腦里，這些細(xì)胞是灰色的?！笔钦_的。

　　49 F 前一句提到了“其他的研究者沒有檢查組織?！毕乱痪鋺?yīng)該繼續(xù)說明他們做了什么，所以F選項(xiàng)“相反，他們測量了腦電波活動(dòng)并制作了腦電波圖。”是正確的。

　　50 C 前一句說Duffy 博士發(fā)現(xiàn)正常的孩子和閱讀有問題的孩子相比，腦活動(dòng)有很大的不同。下一句會(huì)說不同在哪里，所以C選項(xiàng)“不同點(diǎn)在于整個(gè)大腦”是正確的。

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