2014年職稱英語(衛(wèi)生類)教材閱讀理解文章及譯文3

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　　Cooking Oil Fumes Cause Tumor

　　The leading cause of lung cancer among women in the city was cooking oil fumes while men are more likely to develop the disease from smoking, said medical experts after a five-year research study.

　　Doctors announced the results yesterday with analysis on some new tendencies in lung cancer.They said patients are younger, especially women.

　　According to the Shanghai Tumor research Institute, more local residents die of lung cancer in the city than anything else.Following breast cancer, it has the second-highest incidence rate.

　　"An unhealthy lifestyle is a very important reason for lung cancer, "said Dr He Yumin from Shanghai Minshen Traditional Chinese Medicine Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment Center.

　　He followed 2,276 lung cancer patients for five years.Among them,l,483 were male.

　　Smoking causes 70 percent of cases among men while only l8 percent of female patients developed cancer from smoking or inhaling second-hand smoke, according to the report.

　　However, more than 60 percent of women with the disease had long term, close contact with strong oil fumes from cooking and complained about1 irritated eyes and throat.

　　About 32 percent of women fried foods in boiling oil in unventilated kitchens and about 25 percent of women's bedrooms were adjacent to2 the kitchen.

　　However, local women were surprised to learn cooking oil fumes could lead to cancer.Some claimed they may change food preparation methods.

　　"Unless my family and I don't eat at home every day, I must stay in the kitchen to cook, "said Xu Li, a 45-year-old local woman."I know the fumes are bad for the skin, but it is the first time I heard that it can result in lung cancer.I have already started frying less."

　　Doctors said women's lung cancer had few links to personal health and physical condition, but was closely related to family cancer history, unhealthy dietary habits and weak immune systems.

　　Other experts agreed with he3.

　　"Smoking is by far the biggest cause4 of lung cancer for men, "said Dr Tan Binyong, honorary president of the Respiratory Disease Institute at Fudan University's Medical College."It's true that second-hand smoke and cooking fumes are the main causes among women."

　　He's research also warned people not to stand near of stalls selling5 fried foods due to the poor quality of oils used.

　　The chance of catching lung cancer is three times higher if exposed to the fume for a long time, 6experts said.

　　詞匯：

　　fume 煙，氣，汽

　　tumor(=tumour) n.腫瘤

　　cancer癌瘤

　　breast乳房，胸

　　incidence發(fā)生(率)

　　diagnosis診斷

　　inhale秒.吸人

　　irritate使疼痛，刺激

　　fry釤.油炸，油煎

　　unventilate使不通風(fēng)

　　adjacent.臨近的

　　dietary飲食的

　　immune吐免疫的

　　honorary名譽上的;榮譽的

　　respiratory呼吸的

　　stall貨攤

　　注釋：

　　1.complain原意是“抱怨，訴苦"，但醫(yī)學(xué)上常用complain about或complain of表示“主訴”。

　　2.adjacent to：與……相毗鄰，臨近……(地方)

　　3.Other experts agreed with he.其他老師同意何醫(yī)生的意見。agree with sb：同意某人的意見。agree with sth：同意什么東西。agree to do sth：同意做什么事情。

　　4.by far the biggest cause：最最大的原因。by far是用來做形容詞最高級the biggest的狀語，對形容詞最高級起強調(diào)作用。本來形容詞最高級就已經(jīng)是最高了，可是說話的人還要對它再強調(diào)出來，所以就相當(dāng)漢語的“最最……”的意思。

　　5...warned people not to stand near of stalls selling...：警告人們不要站在賣……的貨攤附近。也可以說成"... warned people off stalls selling..."。

　　6....if exposed to the fume for a long time：...如果長時間接觸這種煙的話。expose sb.to sth. 原意是“使...... (人)暴露于...... (物)”，但醫(yī)學(xué)文獻中常常用來表達“接觸到……(物)"的意思。此處if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句相當(dāng)于“if one is exposed to the fume for a long time"。

　　練習(xí)：

　　1.What a new tendency in lung cancer is concluded by the researchers?

　　A Men are more likely to develop lung cancer than women.

　　B Women are more likely to develop lung cancer than men.

　　C Patients with lung cancer become older, especially males.

　　D Patients with lung cancer become younger, especially females.

　　2.Which of the following diseases is the most common among the local residents in Shanghai?

　　A Heart disease.

　　B Breast cancer.

　　C Infectious diseases.

　　D Lung cancer.

　　3.What symptoms may be' complained of by most women with lung cancer after long term, close contact with cooking oil fumes?

　　A Irritated eyes and throat.

　　B Severe pain in both lungs.

　　C Continuous cough and headache.

　　D Difficulty in breathin9.

　　4.What was the local women's reaction when they learned that cooking oil fumes could lead to cancer?

　　A Happy.

　　B Surprised.

　　C Angry.

　　D Careless

　　5.Which of the following has relatively little connection with women's lung cancer?

　　A Family cancer history.

　　B Unhealthy dietary habits.

　　C Weak immune systems.

　　D Personal health and physical condition.

　　答案與題解：

　　1.D文章第二段明確提到，肺癌的新趨勢就是“病人更年輕，尤其是婦女”。

　　2.B文章第三段說到，“肺癌排在乳腺癌之后，發(fā)病率第二高"，可見乳腺癌才是最常見的疾病。

　　3.A文章第七段說到，“60%以上患肺癌的婦女都長期接觸廚房油煙并主訴眼睛和喉嚨疼痛難受"。

　　4.B文章倒數(shù)第七段明確說到，“當(dāng)婦女們知道廚房油煙可以致癌時都很驚訝"。

　　5.D 回答此題時，首先要注意倒數(shù)第五段中的兩處文字，即had few links to...和was closely related to...，其中l(wèi)ink to意為connection with，而relate to則意為connect with，都是“聯(lián)系"的意思，只是few和closely的差別卻很大。few和little一樣，都是具有否定意義的詞，意為“很少，幾乎沒有"，只是后面的名詞分別為可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞而已;它們與a few和a little不同，a few和a little具有肯定意義，意為“有幾個"和“有一點"，后面的名詞同樣分別為可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞。如果這一點明白了，也就很容易回答這道題了。

　　譯文：廚房油煙可致癌

　　醫(yī)學(xué)老師們經(jīng)過5年的研究調(diào)研后指出，城市人群中，男性患肺癌的首要原因是吸煙，而女性患此絕癥的罪魁禍首是廚房油煙。

　　醫(yī)生們昨天宣布這一結(jié)果，并對肺癌患病的一些新趨勢做出分析。他們認為病人越來越年輕化，尤其是女性。

　　據(jù)上海腫瘤研究所統(tǒng)計顯示，本市死于肺癌的居民多于死于其他疾病的人。肺癌成為繼乳腺癌之后的第二大高發(fā)病率腫瘤。

　　上海民生中醫(yī)腫瘤診療中心何裕民醫(yī)生指出：“不健康的生活習(xí)慣是致癌的一個重要原因?！?/P>

　　他對2,276名肺癌患者進行了長達5年的追蹤調(diào)研。這些患者中有1,483老師男性。

　　報告顯示，案例中男性患者中70%是由吸煙誘發(fā)癌癥的，而直郵18%的女性患者是由于吸煙或被迫吸入二手煙才誘發(fā)癌癥的。

　　然而，60%以上患肺癌的女性都長期接觸廚房油煙并主訴眼睛和喉嚨疼痛難受。

　　大約32%的女性在滾開的油里煎炸食物而廚房卻密不透風(fēng)。而大約25%的女性居住的臥室緊鄰廚房。

　　但是，婦女們知道廚房油煙可以致癌時都很驚訝。其中一些人表示要改變準備飲食的方式。

　　“我每天都得下廚做飯，除非我和家人都不在家用餐”，李旭，一名45歲的婦女說，“我知道油煙對皮膚不好，但是還是第一次聽說油煙竟能致癌、我以后要少煎炸食物。”

　　醫(yī)生們認為，女性患肺癌和個人健康及身體狀況聯(lián)系極少，但和腫瘤家族病史、不健康的飲食習(xí)慣和脆弱的免疫系統(tǒng)聯(lián)系緊密。

　　其它老師同意何醫(yī)生的意見。

　　“吸煙已經(jīng)成為誘發(fā)男性肺癌最最大的因素，”上海復(fù)旦大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)院呼吸道疾病研究所名譽主席譚彬用指出，“二手煙和廚房油煙的確是誘發(fā)女性肺癌的主要原因?！?/P>

　　他的研究同時也警告人們不要站在賣油炸食品的攤點旁，因為他們使用的油都是劣質(zhì)的。

　　老師稱，如果長時間接受油煙，患肺癌的幾率有常人的3倍那么高。