2014年職稱英語(理工類)教材閱讀判斷文章及譯文4

　　Engineering Ethics

　　Engineering ethics is attracting increasing interest in engineering universities throughout the nation. At Texas A&M University, evidence of this interest in professional ethics culminated in the creation of a new course in engineering ethics, as well as a project funded by1 the National Science Foundation to develop material for introducing ethical issues into required undergraduate engineering courses. A small group of faculty and administrators actively supported the growing effort at Texas ASM, yet this group must now expand to meet the needs of increasing numbers of students wishing to learn2 more about the value implications of their actions as professional engineers.

　　The increasing concern for the value dimension3 of engineering is, at least in part, a result of the attention that the media has given to cases such as the Challenger disaster, the Kansas City Hyatt-Regency Hotel walkways collapse, and the Exxon oil spill. As a response to this concern, a new discipline, engineering ethics, is emerging. This discipline will doubtless4 take its place5 alongside such well-established fields as medical ethics, business ethics, and legal ethics.

　　The problem presented by this development is that tnost engineering professors are not prepared to introduce literature in engineering ethics into their classrooms. They are most comfortable with quantitative concepts6 and often do not believe they are qualified to lead class discussions on ethics. Many engineering faculty members do not think that they have the time in an already overcrowded syllabus to introduce discussions on professional ethics, or the time in their own schedules to prepare the necessary material. Hopefully, the resources presented herein will be of assistance.

　　詞匯：

　　ethics / ’eθ?ks /n.道德規(guī)范

　　culminate / ’k?lm?ne?t/ v.達(dá)到頂點(diǎn)

　　administrator / ?d’m?n?stre?t?r/ n.管理者

　　implication / ,?mpli’ke???n/ n.含義

　　syllabus / ’s?l?b?s / n.課程大綱

　　herein /,h??r’?n / adv.在這里

　　注釋：

　　1.... culminated in the creation of a new course in engineering ethics, as well as a project funded by ... ：本句可理解為culminated in the creation of a new course ... as well as in a project funded by，即a project前面省略了in。as well as的意思是and。

　　2.wishing to learn：wishing to learn ...為現(xiàn)在分詞短語，用作定語修飾students。

　　3.value dimension：價(jià)值范圍，價(jià)值尺度

　　4.doubtless ：相當(dāng)于doubtlessly，用作狀語。

　　5.take one’s place：確立自己的位置

　　6.quantitative concepts：以數(shù)字表達(dá)的概念

　　答案與題解：

　　1.C　本文沒有述及engineering ethics是一門必修課，也沒有提到美國所有的理工院校都開設(shè)了這門學(xué)科。

　　2.B　第一段最后一句談到，想修這門學(xué)科的學(xué)生人數(shù)在不斷增加，而本題卻說在不斷減少，所以給出的信息是錯(cuò)誤的。

　　3.B　the National Science Foundation(全美科學(xué)基金會(huì))只是為編寫有關(guān)工程道德問題的教學(xué)材料提供經(jīng)費(fèi)，并沒有親自動(dòng)手編寫。因此，本題給出的信息是錯(cuò)誤的。

　　4.A　本題給出的信息是正確的。第二段有一句相關(guān)的句子：This discipline will doubtless take its place alongside such well-established fields as medical ethics, business ethics, and legal ethics.從這個(gè)句子可以看到，medical ethics, business ethics和legal ethics都是well- established的，其地位也已確立了。engineering ethics這門學(xué)科的地位也將會(huì)確立下來。mature這個(gè)詞是從本句的含義中引申出來的。

　　5.C　通篇文章都沒有提到教授離職的問題。

　　6.A　本題給出的信息是正確的,根據(jù)是第三段的句子：Many engineering faculty members do not think that they have the time ... in their own schedules to prepare the necessary material。

　　7.A　本題給出的信息是正確的，根據(jù)是第三段的最后一句：Hopefully, the resources presented herein will be of assistance(希望這里提供的資料會(huì)有所幫助)。

　　譯文：工程道德

　　工程道德在全美的工程類院校里愈來愈受到關(guān)注。在得克薩斯州的 A&.M大學(xué)，隨著工程道德這門新課的開設(shè)以及由全美科學(xué)基金會(huì)提供基金，旨在為大學(xué)工程類必修課程提供道德問題方面的材料的項(xiàng)目的啟動(dòng)，人們對(duì)職業(yè)道德的關(guān)注達(dá)到了頂峰，一個(gè)由教師和管理人員組成的小組對(duì)得克薩斯州 A&.M大學(xué)的不懈努力予以了積極的支持，但是由于越來越多的學(xué)生希望能夠更加了解作為職業(yè)工程人員自己的行為的價(jià)值含義，為了滿足這些需求，目前該小組必須發(fā)展壯大。

　　人們之所以對(duì)工程價(jià)值尺度愈發(fā)關(guān)注，至少部分原因是由于媒體對(duì)挑戰(zhàn)者號(hào)災(zāi)難、堪薩斯城 Hyatt-Regency旅館通道的坍塌以及 Exxon石油泄漏等事件的關(guān)注所引起的，為了響應(yīng)人們的關(guān)注，一個(gè)新的學(xué)科――工程道德應(yīng)運(yùn)而生。同醫(yī)學(xué)道德、商業(yè)道德和法律道德這些已經(jīng)確立的學(xué)科一樣，該學(xué)科無疑也將確立起自己的地位。

　　開發(fā)這一新學(xué)科所面臨的問題是，大部分工程教授不愿意將工程道德方面的資料引進(jìn)課堂，他們滿足于使用以數(shù)字表達(dá)的概念，不相信自己有資格就工程道德問題在課堂上展開討論，許多工程類教授認(rèn)為課程安排緊張，沒有時(shí)間在課堂上就職業(yè)道德問題進(jìn)行討論，或者覺得自己沒有時(shí)間去準(zhǔn)備必要的材料。希望這里提供的資料會(huì)有所幫助。

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