2014年職稱英語(理工類)教材概括大意文章及譯文4

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　　Compact Disks

　　1　If someone says to you your music CDs don't really hold any music on them, and they only have numbers recorded on them, you may not believe it. In fact, he is right in that sound is actually recorded onto the CDs as special numbers ― a digital code.1 The code is pressed onto the CD as bumps on a long spiral track almost five kilometers long. These bumps are an average of 0.5 microns wide.

　　2　A small laser beam shines onto the bumps as the CD turns. The light is reflected back to a receiver that records how the laser light bounces back. This lets the CD player2 turn the reflected light back into the original code. This means you can hear the original code as music.

　　3　Digital codes are used with many technologies. E-mail needs these kinds of code numbers. Space probes communicate with their ground station on earth using digital codes. Bar codes are read as digital codes in computer systems. Digital communications with cell phones need digital codes. Weather radios also tune into specific signals using these codes.

　　4　There are many types of compact disks. One format is called CD-RWs. They can be recorded on and re-recorded on(rewritten on)as you would do with a floppy disk3. Another format is the CD-ROM. The technology for recording on these disks is different from other CDs. These CDs have a dye layer that the CD writer can darken or leave clear. The clear and dark spots are the digital code. CD-ROM stands for Compact Disc ― Read Only Memory4. This disk is like a "super" floppy disk that can hold lots of information. One CD-ROM can hold the same amount of data as 500 floppy disks. Information is permanently recorded onto it. Computer games and other programs are considered to be CD-ROMs.

　　5　CDs were first sold to the public in 1982　These CDs still play well and sound fine. Current CDs are expected to last between 70 to 200 years. Of course, you can make sure your CDs last a long time by taking care of them.

　　6　Science keeps on developing. It may not be many more years before a completely new technology is invented5 and introduced to the public for music recording. In the meantime, there is no doubt you will continue to enjoy listening to your favorite music on CDs6 and playing your favorite computer games on CD-ROMs.

　　詞匯：

　　bump / b?mp/ n.隆塊，隆起

　　spiral / ’spa??r?l / adj.螺旋形的

　　probe / pr??b/n.探測器

　　floppy / ’fl?p?/ adj.松軟的

　　floppy disk軟(磁)盤

　　format / ’f?:m?t/ n.格式

　　dye / da?/ n.染色

　　permanently / ’p?:m?n?ntl? / adv.永久地

　　注釋：

　　1.... he is right in that sound is actually recorded onto the CDs as special numbers ? a digital code：他說的對，因?yàn)閷?shí)際上聲音以特殊的數(shù)字形式，即數(shù)碼，刻錄在CD碟片上。in that是“因?yàn)椤?，如：Water is essential in that without it all living things would die.水是基本要素，因?yàn)闆]有水，所有生物都要死亡。

　　2.CD player：CD播放機(jī)

　　3.as you would do with a floppy disk：就像你使用軟磁盤一樣

　　4.CD-ROM stands for Compact Disc ? Read Only Memory：CD-ROM是Compact Disc ? Read Only Memory這五個(gè)詞首字母組成的縮寫詞。

　　5.It may not be many more years before a completely new technology is invented：過不了幾年，說不定又會(huì)發(fā)明一種全新的技術(shù)。many more years是“再過許多年”。

　　6.“there is no doubt you will continue to enjoy listening to your favorite music on CDs”語法上可以理解為“there is no doubt(about the fact that)you will continue to enjoy listening to your favorite music on CDs”。

　　練習(xí)：

　　1. Paragraphs l & 2 ________

　　2.Paragraph 3 ________

　　3.Paragraph 4 ________

　　4.Paragraph 5 ________

　　A　Digital Code Has Wide Applications

　　B　Floppy Disks Are Outdated

　　C　CDs Are Durable

　　D　CD's Working Principle Is Explained

　　E. CD-RWs Play Better Than CD-ROMs

　　F. CDs Are of Many Formats

　　5.One advantage of CD-RWs is that they can ________ like floppy disks.

　　6.The author predicts it will not ________ before a new technology is invented for music recording.

　　7.The laser beam-emitting device and the receiver are considered to ________ of a CD player.

　　8. Space probes could not ________ without using digital codes.

　　A　shine on bumps

　　B　take many more years

　　C　be the key parts

　　D　restore the original code

　　E　be written on and rewritten on

　　F　keen contact with their ground station efficiently

　　答案與題解：

　　1.D　第一、二段介紹了CD的工作原理。聲音以數(shù)碼的形式刻錄到CD碟片上。要想聽聲音,就得用CD放音機(jī)，CD機(jī)用激光照射CD，接收器接收和分析從CD反射回來的激光波，還原為原來的數(shù)碼，再轉(zhuǎn)換為原來的聲音。所以，D是答案。

　　2.A　第三段第一句“Digital codes are used with many technologies.”是主題句。本段其他句子提供例證，即應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域。作者列舉了五個(gè)領(lǐng)域：電郵、航天通訊、條碼、手機(jī)和天氣預(yù)報(bào)。選項(xiàng)A的“Digital code has wide applications”與主題句的意思完全吻合，所以是答案。

　　3.F　第四段第一句“There are many types of compact disks.”是主題句。本段其他句子列舉了兩種常用的CD格式(format)：―種是CD-RW，另一種是CD-ROM。選項(xiàng)F的“CDs are of many formats”概括了本段的大意，是答案。

　　4.C　第五段說的是CD碟片經(jīng)久耐用，1982年上市的CD碟片至今還能使用，其音質(zhì)依舊?，F(xiàn)在上市的CD，更加耐用，如果使用得當(dāng)，其壽命可達(dá)70 ~ 200年。選項(xiàng)C用了durable予以概括是很恰當(dāng)?shù)模?，C是答案。

　　5.E　第四段中出現(xiàn)CD-RW這個(gè)詞，介紹了They can be recorded on and re-recorded on(rewritten on)。這就是選E的依據(jù)。

　　6.B　第六段能找到與答案有關(guān)的句子，即It may not be many more years before a completely new technology is invented and introduced to the public for music recording.

　　7.C　第二段說到在CD機(jī)上還原數(shù)碼時(shí)依靠的是激光發(fā)射裝置和接收器。由此我們可以推論出激光發(fā)射和接收器是CD機(jī)的主要部件。所以C是答案。

　　8.F　第三段第三句“Space probes communicate with their ground station on earth using digital codes.”是選F的依據(jù)。

　　譯文：光盤

　　如果有人告訴你，你的光盤上實(shí)際并沒有音樂，有的只是一些錄下來的數(shù)字，你也許不會(huì)相信。但實(shí)際上，他說得對，因?yàn)槠鋵?shí)聲音是以特殊的數(shù)字形式，即數(shù)碼，刻錄在光盤碟片上。這些數(shù)碼被強(qiáng)行刻在光盤上，就像一條5公里長的曲折道路上有一些凸起一樣。這些凸起平均 0.5微米寬。

　　當(dāng)光盤轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)時(shí)，一束極小的激光射到這些凸起上，光束被反射到接受器上――該接受器是用來記錄了激光是如何彈回來的。這樣一來，光盤閱讀者器就能把反射來的光變成最初的數(shù)碼。這也就意味著這些最初的數(shù)碼傳到你那里，就成為了你聽到的音樂。

　　數(shù)碼可用于許多技術(shù)。電子郵件依賴這些編碼，空間探測器在與地面站聯(lián)絡(luò)時(shí)也要用到數(shù)碼。計(jì)算機(jī)系統(tǒng)可以將條形碼讀為數(shù)碼。使用手機(jī)進(jìn)行的數(shù)碼交流也需要數(shù)碼。使用這些編碼，無線電天氣預(yù)報(bào)設(shè)備也可以接受具體的信號(hào)。

　　光盤有許多種。有一種叫做 CD-RW，是一種可反復(fù)重刻(重寫 )的光盤，其使用原理跟軟盤一樣。另一種是 CD-ROM，用這種光盤存儲(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù)的技術(shù)跟其他的光盤不同。這種光盤有一種染色層，光盤刻錄機(jī)可以將其涂黑或者留一些空白，這些黑點(diǎn)和空白點(diǎn)就是數(shù)碼。這里 CD-ROM就是讀存儲(chǔ)光盤的簡稱。這種存儲(chǔ)盤就如同可容納海量信息的超級(jí)軟盤，一張 CD-ROM可以容納相當(dāng)于 500張軟盤存儲(chǔ)的信息，而且上面的信息可以永久保存。電腦游戲和其他程序也可視為 CD-ROM。

　　人們第一次從市面上購買到光盤是在 1982年，到現(xiàn)在為止這些光盤仍在使用中并且據(jù)說效果都還不錯(cuò)。目前人們使用的光盤據(jù)說壽命可達(dá) 70～200年不等。當(dāng)然，有一點(diǎn)你可以肯定的是，只要你足夠愛惜，你的光盤還可以用得更久。

　　科學(xué)是處在不斷發(fā)展中的，或許用不了很多年，一種全新的音樂存儲(chǔ)形式會(huì)為公眾所熟識(shí)。與此同時(shí)，毫無疑問，你將能繼續(xù)用光盤欣賞你最喜歡的音樂，并且能繼續(xù)用 CD-ROM玩你最喜歡的電腦游戲。