2014年職稱英語(yǔ)(綜合類)教材概括大意文章及譯文7

　　綜合類-概括大意　　

　How to Argue with Your Boss

　　1 Before you argue with your boss, check with the boss's secretary to determine his mood. If he ate nails for breakfast1, it is not a good idea to ask him for something. Even without the boss's secretary, there are keys to timing2: don't approach the boss when he's on deadline3; don't go in right before lunch, when he is apt to be distracted and rushed4; don't go in just before or after he has taken a vacation.

　　2 If you're mad, that will only make your boss mad. Calm down first. And don't let a particular concern open the floodgates for all your accumulated frustration5. The boss will feel that you think negatively about the company and it is hopeless trying to change your mind. Then, maybe he will dismiss you.

　　3 Terrible disputes can result when neither the employer nor the employee knows what is the problem the other wants to discuss. Sometimes the fight will go away when the issues are made clear. The employee has to get his point across clearly in order to make the boss understand it6.

　　4 Your boss has enough on his mind without your adding more7. If you can't put forward an immnediate solution, at least suggest how to approach the problem. People who frequently present problems without solutions to their bosses may soon find they can't get past the secretary8.

　　5 To deal effectively with a boss, it's important to consider his goals and pressures. If you can put yourself in the position of being a partner to the boss, then he will be naturally more inclined to work with you to achieve your goals9.

　　詞匯：

　　mood 心情 apt 易于……的，有……傾向的

　　concern 所關(guān)注的事情 negatively 負(fù)面地

　　dismiss 解雇 dispute 爭(zhēng)論

　　issue 所爭(zhēng)論的事情，爭(zhēng)論的焦點(diǎn) solution /解決辦法

　　inclined 傾向于……的，有……意向的

　　注釋：

　　1. …ate nails for breakfast: ……早飯吃了釘子。比喻情緒很糟糕。

　　2. …there are keys to timing: ……在選擇時(shí)間方面有竅門(mén)。key：秘訣;線索。timing：選擇時(shí)間;時(shí)間安排。

　　3. ... don't approach the boss when he's on deadline: ……別在老板趕期限時(shí)去找他。deadline: (某項(xiàng)工作必須完成的)最后期限。

　　4. …, when he is apt to be distracted and rushed. ……，這時(shí)他最易走神，匆忙行事。apt：易于……的，有……傾向的。

　　5.…don't let a particular concern open the floodgates for all your accumulated frustration. ……別讓某件特別的事情打開(kāi)你積怨的閘門(mén)。accumulated frustration：積累起來(lái)的煩惱。

　　6.The employee has to get his point across clearly in order to make the boss understand it.雇員必須清楚地傳達(dá)他的觀點(diǎn)，讓老板明白。get his point across：把他的觀點(diǎn)傳達(dá)給對(duì)方。

　　7.Your boss has enough on his mind without your adding more.即使你不給老板添麻煩，他要考慮的事也已經(jīng)夠多的了。

　　8. ... they can't get past the secretary. ……他們連秘書(shū)那一關(guān)也過(guò)不了。

　　9.If you can put yourself in the position of being a partner to the boss, then he will be naturallymore inclined to work with you to achieve your goals.如果你能把自己擺在老板的合伙人的位置上，他自然會(huì)愿意與你合作，達(dá)到你的目的。be inclined to：傾向于，想要。

　　練習(xí)：

　　1.Paragraph 2_________

　　2.Paragraph 3_________

　　3.Paragraph 4_________

　　4.Paragraph 5_________

　　A Keep Your Voice Low All the Time

　　B Put Yourself in the Boss's Position

　　C Propose Your Solution

　　D Don't Go in When You Are Angry

　　E Make the Issue Clear

　　F Never Give in

　　5.If you want to ask the boss for anything, it is important to find out first_________.

　　6.It is necessary to make clear to the boss_________.

　　7.It is not wise to present the boss with a problem_________.

　　8.You must be consilerate and think of the troules_________.

　　A to give the boss your advice.

　　B how he is feeling

　　C the boss may have

　　D what you really want to talk to him about

　　E without suggestipg.a way to solve it

　　F how unhappy you are

　　答案與題解：

　　1.D 本段的中心思想是，如果你在自己心情不好時(shí)去找老板會(huì)把事情弄得更糟。

　　2.E 本段的中心思想是，雙方都應(yīng)清楚對(duì)方想要說(shuō)什么。

　　3.C 本段的中心思想是，在提出問(wèn)題時(shí)也要提出問(wèn)題的解決辦法。

　　4.B 本段的中心思想是，應(yīng)該從老板的位置看問(wèn)題，設(shè)身處地，老板才會(huì)愿意幫助你。

　　5.B 從語(yǔ)法上看，這里需要的是個(gè)賓語(yǔ)，現(xiàn)在填入的是一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句，本句的意義和文章第一段的第一句話相同。

　　6.D 這句話需要填入的是動(dòng)詞make的賓語(yǔ)，現(xiàn)在填入的是what引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。

　　7E 只提出問(wèn)題，不建議解決方法是不聰明的，這個(gè)意思在第四段里講到了。

　　8.C. the troubles需要有限定或修飾成分，故填入一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句。

　　譯文：怎樣與老板爭(zhēng)論

　　在你與老板爭(zhēng)論以前，先去老板秘書(shū)那里問(wèn)一下老板的情緒，如果他情緒很糟，去向他提要求可不是一個(gè)好主意。即使沒(méi)有老板的秘書(shū)，在選擇時(shí)間方面也有竅門(mén)：別在老板趕期限時(shí)去找他;別在午飯前去找他，因?yàn)檫@時(shí)他最易走神，匆忙行事;別在他度假前后去找他。

　　如果你快發(fā)瘋了，只會(huì)使你的老板也氣瘋。先平靜一下。別讓某件特別的事情打開(kāi)你積怨的閘門(mén)。老板會(huì)認(rèn)為，你對(duì)公司持完全否定的態(tài)度，而且無(wú)法改變你的觀點(diǎn)。接下來(lái)，你可能要被開(kāi)除。

　　當(dāng)雇主和雇員雙方都不明白對(duì)方要說(shuō)什么時(shí)，會(huì)發(fā)生可怕的爭(zhēng)執(zhí)。有時(shí)問(wèn)題弄清時(shí)，矛盾也就消除了。雇員必須清楚地傳達(dá)他的觀點(diǎn)，讓老板明白。

　　即使你不給老板添麻煩，他要考慮的事也已經(jīng)夠多的了。如果你無(wú)法提出直接的解決方案，至少要表明怎樣對(duì)待此問(wèn)題。那些經(jīng)常給老板提問(wèn)題，而不提出解決方案的人會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)他們連秘書(shū)那一關(guān)也過(guò)不了。

　　要想和老板相處融洽，多考慮他的目標(biāo)和壓力非常重要。如果你能把自己擺在老板的合伙人的位置上，他自然會(huì)愿意與你合作，達(dá)到你的目的。

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