2014年職稱英語(yǔ)(綜合類)教材閱讀判斷文章及譯文10

更新時(shí)間：2015-12-10 11:50:58 來源：|0

瀏覽

摘要為了方便廣大考生備考，環(huán)球網(wǎng)校特地整理了教材上的素材，供大家練習(xí)/選讀，希望對(duì)大家復(fù)習(xí)有所幫助。

　　點(diǎn)擊進(jìn)入：2014年職稱英語(yǔ)(綜合類)教材閱讀判斷文章匯總

　　綜合類-閱讀判斷　

　　The Workers' Role in Management

　　Traditionally, it has been the workers' role to work and management's role to manage. Managers have planned and directed the firm's operations with little thought to consulting the labor force. Managers have rarely felt compelled to obtain the workers' opinions or to explain their decisions to their employees. At most, companies have provided"suggestion boxes" in which workers could place ideas for improving procedures. In recent years, however, many management specialists have been arguing that workers are more than sellers of labor一they have a vital stake in the companyand may be able to make significant contributions to its management. Furthermore, major company decisions profoundly affect workers and their dependents. This is particularly true of plant closings, which may put thousands on the unemployment lines. Should workers, then, play a stronger role in management?

　　Workers should have a role in management. At the very least, the labor force should be informed of major policy decisions (A common complaint among rank-and-file workers is the lack of information about company policies and actions). Between 1980 and 1985 about five million workers were the victims of plant closings and permanent layoffs, often with no warning. At least 90 days' notice ought to be given in such instances so that workers have time to adjust. Management should consult workers before closing a plant, because the workers might be able to suggest ways of improving productivity and reducing costs and might be willing to make concessions that will help keep the plant operating.

　　It should become a general practice to include work&s in some managerial decision making. There ought to be representatives of the workers on the firm's board of directors or other major policymaking groups. if rank-and-file workers are given a voice in the planning and management of the work flow, they will help to make improvements, their morale will rise, and their productivity will increase. As a further incentive, they must be given a share in the company's profits. This can be done through employee stockownership plans, bonuses, or rewards for efficiency and productivity. Finally, when a plant can no longer operate at a profit, the workers should be given the opportunity to purchase the plant and run it themselves.

　　詞匯：

　　suggestion box 意見箱，建議箱

　　concession 讓步

　　dependent =dependant n.受扶養(yǎng)者，受扶養(yǎng)的家屬

　　employee stockownership 雇員持股權(quán)

　　layoff 停工，停歇;臨時(shí)解雇(期);失業(yè)期

　　注釋：

　　1.Managers have rarely felt compelled to...：管理者們很少覺得應(yīng)該……。feel compelled to do 的意思是“覺得被迫干……”，在本文擬譯為“覺得應(yīng)該……”更合適些。

　　2. ... they have a vital stake in the company:……他們對(duì)公司有很大的利害關(guān)系。have a stake in 的意思是“對(duì)……(或在……方面)有利害關(guān)系”。例如：Each of us has a stake in the outcome of the conference.會(huì)議結(jié)果對(duì)我們每一個(gè)人都有利害關(guān)系。這個(gè)短語(yǔ)也有“……有股份”的意思。例如：

　　They have a large stake in the oil industly.他們?cè)谑蜆I(yè)有大量股份。

　　3.rank-and-file workers：普通工人

　　4.managerial decision making：管理決策的制定

　　5. give sb. a voice in：在……方面給某人發(fā)言權(quán)，即發(fā)表意見的權(quán)利。例如：His parents give him "voice in almost anything.幾乎任何事情他父母都讓他有發(fā)言權(quán)。

　　6. ... their morale will rise:……他們的士氣會(huì)增加

　　練習(xí)：

　　1.Traditional workers showed no interest in management.