新概念雙語(yǔ)：頻繁跳槽不要慌：4個(gè)貼士簡(jiǎn)歷幫你忙

They say variety is the spice of life—but it can be downright poisonous to your career path. Maybe it took you a while to figure out your passion, so you dabbled in this and that. Perhaps you made a few detours in light of the tough job market. Or maybe you’re one of the millions of people juggling distinct part-time gigs rather than one full-time role.

有人說(shuō)多樣化讓生活更有情趣——但這可能十分不利于你的職業(yè)生涯。也許你是需要一段時(shí)間去弄清楚你的激情所在，所以你涉獵于職場(chǎng)的各個(gè)方面。也許你是因?yàn)閲?yán)峻的就業(yè)市場(chǎng)形式而走了一些彎路?；蛘撸苍S你是像很多人一樣，同時(shí)應(yīng)付著不同的兼職工作，而不去做一份全職工作。

Exploring different options can work in your favor because it broadens your experience and exposes you to a variety of fields. Problem is, when you apply for a position you really want that speaks to your skill set and professional goals, hiring managers might pass you up in favor of candidates who took a more linear route.

嘗試不同的選擇會(huì)對(duì)你有利，因?yàn)檫@豐富了你的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，讓你接觸到各種各樣的領(lǐng)域。但問(wèn)題是，當(dāng)你真正想申請(qǐng)到那份滿足你各種技能和職業(yè)目標(biāo)的工作時(shí)，招聘經(jīng)理可能會(huì)拒絕你，反而更青睞于那些專一的應(yīng)聘者。

Career experts are seeing an increase in jack-of-all-trades job hunters, something they attribute to a couple of different factors. "Because of all the layoffs during the recession, workers were forced to take jobs they didn’t really want that might not have been the best fit," says Hannah Morgan, career strategist at Career Sherpa. The go-getter spirit of the millennial generation also comes into play. If millennials don’t receive promotions as quickly as they’d like, they tend to move on to a more desirable position, says Morgan, even if it’s not exactly on their career trajectory.

職業(yè)老師看到現(xiàn)在雜而不精的求職者越來(lái)越多，他們將這一現(xiàn)象歸因于幾個(gè)不同的因素。在Career Sherpa公司工作的職業(yè)策劃師漢娜摩根說(shuō): “由于經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退期間全面的裁員，工人被迫從事他們十分不想要的工作，這份工作并不是最適合他們的。”在千禧一代里有積極進(jìn)取精神的人也開始起作用。如果千禧一代不能很快得到他們所想要的晉升，他們往往會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)向更理想的位置。摩根說(shuō)，即使這并不符合他們的職業(yè)軌跡。

Yet despite all the job hopefuls with generalist backgrounds, employers are increasingly seeking candidates who have specialized expertise. Since there’s no longer an expectation of lifetime employment with a single company, many companies aren’t committed to developing and training employees, Morgan says. "They know someone is out there who has the exact skills they want, and it makes their lives easier not to train them," she says.

摩根說(shuō)，但盡管所有的工作候選人都屬于通才，雇主卻會(huì)偏向?qū)で髶碛袑ｉT技能的候選人。由于不再期望他們會(huì)在單個(gè)公司終身工作，很多企業(yè)都不會(huì)致力于加強(qiáng)員工的技能和培訓(xùn)員工。“他們知道有人正在離開原本的公司，而這些人具備他們所想要的技能，這讓他們的工作生活更容易而不用去培養(yǎng)他們，”她說(shuō)。

If your resume features some seemingly unconnected positions, the trick is to weave them together into a cohesive narrative that assures employers you possess the skills they’re after and gets them excited about hiring you. Here are strategies that can help you do just that—so you can transform your job-hopper history from a liability to an advantage.

如果你的簡(jiǎn)歷上有一些看似無(wú)關(guān)的職位，訣竅是你要將他們以一個(gè)連貫的敘述編織在一起，以此讓你的雇主相信你有他們正需要的技能并且讓他們很高興能夠雇用你。這里有一些策略，可以幫助你做到這一點(diǎn)。這樣你就可以將你的跳槽歷史從劣勢(shì)轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)閮?yōu)勢(shì)。

SPIN YOUR BRAND

說(shuō)出對(duì)你有利的簡(jiǎn)歷內(nèi)容

Take a hard look at where you’ve been career-wise and where you want to go. Then begin to paint a picture for hiring managers that explains why your job history actually has been a logical progression, although your path has been circuitous. For example, you had one job in marketing and another in accounting because ultimately you want to manage a company, and you sought experience in both departments to round out your knowledge.

認(rèn)真考慮下工作方面你已經(jīng)做過(guò)了的以及你想往哪個(gè)方向發(fā)展，然后開始為你的招聘經(jīng)理描述出一幅藍(lán)圖，說(shuō)清雖然你的道路是曲折的，但你的工作經(jīng)歷其實(shí)一直是一個(gè)合乎邏輯的發(fā)展。例如，你曾做過(guò)市場(chǎng)營(yíng)銷，也曾做過(guò)會(huì)計(jì)，因?yàn)槟阕罱K想要管理一家公司，所以你在這兩個(gè)部門摸索經(jīng)驗(yàn)來(lái)完善自己的知識(shí)。

Once you bridge each job to the next, make light of the benefits of having a generalist background. Rather than something to play down, you recast it as a marketable skill. "Let’s say an employer wants someone who comes up to speed quickly," Morgan says. "A job-hopper has done that." In your resume and cover letter, brand yourself as someone who makes a fast impact in the workplace.

一旦你把一個(gè)工作和下面一個(gè)工作結(jié)合起來(lái)，就不用太在意自己通才的背景了。與其輕描淡寫，不如將它重塑成適合市場(chǎng)的技能。摩根說(shuō):“如果雇主希望雇傭那些能快速跟上節(jié)奏的人，那么一個(gè)經(jīng)常更換職業(yè)的人就能做到這點(diǎn)。”在你的簡(jiǎn)歷和求職信中，試著把你自己說(shuō)成能夠在工作上快速產(chǎn)生影響的人。

In addition, "generalists can provide a broad perspective to the business, which can be very valuable," says Sharlyn Lauby, an author, speaker, and president of consulting firm ITM Group. "But organizations still need generalists to produce—so make sure your resume can show specific results, and quantify them whenever possible." Including a line like "mastered new operating procedures and increased efficiency by 15% within three months" highlights how you’ve made a speedy, measurable improvement.

此外，“通才在商業(yè)上往往能有一個(gè)廣闊的視野，這是非常有價(jià)值的，”一個(gè)既是作家、演講家，也是咨詢公司ITM集團(tuán)總裁的莎朗.洛碧說(shuō)，“但企業(yè)仍然需要培養(yǎng)通才，所以一定要確保你的簡(jiǎn)歷展示了具體的結(jié)果，并且盡可能的對(duì)其量化。”包括像這樣的話“精通新的操作流程，三個(gè)月內(nèi)提高了15%的效率”可以凸顯你做出了一個(gè)快速且明顯的改進(jìn)。

Without those details, your resume could send the wrong message. "If you are not specific about your contributions in each role on your resume, some readers may assume the reason you keep moving from job to job is that you aren’t succeeding or you don’t know what you want to do," says Miriam Salpeter, owner of Keppie Careers. "Instead of just creating a laundry list of the tasks you’ve done in each role, incorporate detailed explanations of skills you used and outline your accomplishments."

如果沒(méi)有這些細(xì)節(jié)，你的簡(jiǎn)歷可能會(huì)傳遞出一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤的信息。“如果你在你的簡(jiǎn)歷上沒(méi)有具體說(shuō)明每個(gè)角色的貢獻(xiàn)，有些讀者可能會(huì)認(rèn)為你之所以一直在從一個(gè)工作換到另一個(gè)工作是因?yàn)槟銢](méi)有成功，或者你不知道你想要做什么，”擁有Keppie Careers公司的米利亞姆.薩爾皮特說(shuō)，“不要僅僅是將你每個(gè)角色完成的任務(wù)列了一籮筐，要給出你使用技能的具體且詳細(xì)的解釋并概括你的成就。”

She suggests reading through your resume, and for every item listed, ask yourself, "So what?" Your bullet points should bring to light explicit, ideally quantifiable outcomes that you’ve achieved.

她建議仔細(xì)閱讀自己的簡(jiǎn)歷，然后列出每一項(xiàng)，反問(wèn)自己：“那又怎么樣?”你的重點(diǎn)應(yīng)該放在你已經(jīng)取得的清楚明確的，理想的量化結(jié)果上。

TIE THINGS TOGETHER

將事情結(jié)合在一起

Remember that recruiters get dozens of job applications daily, and if they don’t immediately see that you fit the description of the employee they’re looking for, they may move on. "Candidates need to help recruiters help them," Lauby says. Your resume and cover letter need to make connections that tell the complete story.

請(qǐng)記住，招聘人員每天會(huì)得到幾十個(gè)求職申請(qǐng)，如果他們不能立即看出你與他們正要找的員工描述相符，他們可能會(huì)改看其他的求職信。“這既方便了招聘人員，也幫助了求職者自己，”勞比說(shuō)。你的簡(jiǎn)歷和求職信需要建立連接來(lái)講述完整的故事。

The best way to do that is to tailor your resume and cover letter to fit the job description. Many job hunters simply skim the company’s posting, slightly tweak their resume accordingly, and shoot it off to HR. But if you want to set the hiring manager’s mind at ease about your wide-ranging history, don’t gloss over this crucial piece of info. "The job description explains point-blank what the employer is looking for," Morgan says. "What you talk about on your resume has to match up exactly."

要做到這一點(diǎn)，最好的方法是調(diào)整你的簡(jiǎn)歷和求職信來(lái)符合工作要求。很多求職者只是瀏覽了下公司所發(fā)布的信息，相應(yīng)微調(diào)了下自己的簡(jiǎn)歷，然后就把它發(fā)給了人力資源部。但是如果你想讓你的招聘經(jīng)理對(duì)你廣泛的經(jīng)歷放心，那就不要掩飾信息的這個(gè)關(guān)鍵部分。 “工作要求直截了當(dāng)?shù)卣f(shuō)明了雇主需要什么樣的求職者，”摩根說(shuō)，“在簡(jiǎn)歷上你所談?wù)摰谋仨毰c之精確匹配。”

Of course, we aren’t suggesting that you regurgitate the same language used in the description; instead, include a separate, concrete example from your experience that speaks to each requirement. For instance, Morgan suggests that if the job posting mentions that the candidate must be able to generate new business, one of the bullet points on your resume should touch on a moment when you did precisely that.

當(dāng)然，我們并不建議你照搬工作要求中用到的同樣的話;相反，你的簡(jiǎn)歷要包括一個(gè)來(lái)源于你經(jīng)歷的，不同且具體的例子來(lái)證明你符合每一項(xiàng)要求。例如，摩根認(rèn)為如果招聘廣告中提到求職者必須能夠創(chuàng)造新的業(yè)務(wù)，那么在你的簡(jiǎn)歷里其中一個(gè)要點(diǎn)就要提到你恰好有一段時(shí)間這樣做過(guò)。

The looser the connection, the more creative thinking required on your part—e.g., you developed outreach to a new community or improved customer relations with a key client, leading them to recommend your services to others. "It’s possible you have a very similar experience in a different industry," Morgan says. The goal is to find a common point of intersection between your past and the position you’re applying for.

前后工作經(jīng)歷銜接得越不緊密，就需要你有更多的創(chuàng)意想法。例如，你開發(fā)外展服務(wù)到一個(gè)新的社區(qū)或與一個(gè)重要客戶增進(jìn)了客戶關(guān)系，這導(dǎo)致他們把你的服務(wù)推薦給其他人。“有可能你在不同的行業(yè)也有非常類似的經(jīng)歷，”摩根說(shuō)。我們的目標(biāo)是在你的過(guò)去和你申請(qǐng)的職位之間找到一個(gè)交叉的共同點(diǎn)。

TAKE ADVANTAGE OF YOUR INTERVIEW TIME

利用你的面試時(shí)間

If you have the sense that your work history might be problematic for the employer you’re meeting with, it’s a good idea to address it. "Know what your elephants in the room are," Morgan says.

如果你意識(shí)到對(duì)于正在面試你的雇主而言你的工作經(jīng)歷還存在著問(wèn)題，最好的辦法是著手解決它。“知道問(wèn)題所在就要去處理，”摩根說(shuō)。

When asked about your experience and qualifications, explain how your past jobs have taught you to use the particular skills that the hiring manager is looking for. For example, your tech skills are top-notch because job-hopping forced you to quickly master many programs. Acclimating to different work environments has polished your team building and collaboration smarts, which helped enhance the business. Clarify that you moved around because you naturally seek challenges and the opportunity to make a measurable impact. "Say, ‘I was looking for a greater challenge in the workplace, so I moved on to find that challenge and make an impact more quickly,’" Morgan suggests.

當(dāng)問(wèn)及你的經(jīng)驗(yàn)和資歷時(shí)，請(qǐng)說(shuō)明你過(guò)去的工作是如何教會(huì)你使用該特殊技能，這項(xiàng)技能又恰恰是招聘經(jīng)理正在尋找的。例如，你的技術(shù)能力是一流的，因?yàn)樘蹚?qiáng)迫你迅速掌握許多項(xiàng)目。對(duì)不同工作環(huán)境的適應(yīng)已經(jīng)改善了你的團(tuán)隊(duì)建設(shè)和合作技能，這有助于提升你的業(yè)務(wù)。你要說(shuō)清楚你之所以換工作是因?yàn)槟闾煨宰非筇魬?zhàn)，并且渴望遇到能產(chǎn)生重大影響的機(jī)會(huì)。“可以說(shuō)，‘我一直在工作上尋找更大的挑戰(zhàn)，所以我不斷地跳槽去尋找那種挑戰(zhàn)，然后很快就起到了作用。’”摩根建議。

If the employer directly asks about your short-term track record, it could be a sign that she worries you might jump ship if you join her team. "Emphasize that you contribute your utmost in every job," Salpeter says. "Then elaborate on the skills you’ll bring to her organization, why you’re so excited about the position, and how well prepared you are to contribute on day one."

如果雇主直接詢問(wèn)你短期的業(yè)績(jī)記錄，這可能是因?yàn)樗龘?dān)心你如果加入她的團(tuán)隊(duì)可能會(huì)跳槽。“你需要強(qiáng)調(diào)在每一個(gè)崗位都做出了最大的貢獻(xiàn)，”薩爾皮特說(shuō)。“然后你再詳細(xì)說(shuō)明你能給她的企業(yè)帶來(lái)的技能，為什么你對(duì)這個(gè)職位如此激動(dòng)，以及在第一天你準(zhǔn)備如何來(lái)做好貢獻(xiàn)。”

LEAN IN TO SOCIAL MEDIA

依靠社交媒體

Pay close attention to the summary portion of LinkedIn, where you can clarify your top skills as well as the direction you hope to head in career-wise before employers even get to the actual resume listing your experience. Salpeter suggests phrasing things in a way that sets you up as a challenge seeker who gets results fast. Eliminate doubt about your commitment to the job by saying something like, "I’ve had the opportunity to use xyz expertise to accomplish [fill in the blank] in various roles over the past several years. Working in different environments kept my skills sharp and allowed me to stay on the cutting edge. As a result, my employers see that I’m able to accomplish more in a short period of time than many people who have been at the organization long term. I’m always continuing to learn, and hope to work for a company that will allow me to grow and contribute at increasing levels over time."

密切關(guān)注LinkedIn(領(lǐng)英)的總結(jié)部分，在那里你甚至可以在雇主得到列有你經(jīng)驗(yàn)的真實(shí)履歷，你可以闡明你的頂級(jí)技能以及你在工作上希望去發(fā)展的方向。薩爾皮特建議，表述時(shí)將你設(shè)定為一個(gè)追求挑戰(zhàn)，能快速得到結(jié)果的人。消除招聘人員對(duì)你工作所做貢獻(xiàn)的懷疑，通過(guò)說(shuō)一些如“在過(guò)去的幾年中，我不得不使用XXX專業(yè)知識(shí)來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)各種角色中的XXX，在不同的環(huán)境中工作可以提高我的技術(shù)，并使我一直處在前沿。這樣一來(lái)，我的雇主就能看到我在短期內(nèi)比長(zhǎng)期待在企業(yè)里的許多人都要完成的多。我總是不斷地學(xué)習(xí)，并希望能為公司效力，這會(huì)促進(jìn)我的成長(zhǎng)，久而久之我就會(huì)有所提高。

“Social media can also help foster the impression of commitment—something that a too-broad background might imply you’re lacking. "Use your Twitter feed or actively participate in a LinkedIn group to demonstrate your professional know-how and interest," Salpeter says. "Consistently sharing insights, articles, and resources with people shows that you’re well informed about the field and you follow it closely."

“社交媒體也可以促進(jìn)形成奉獻(xiàn)精神，有些背景過(guò)于寬泛可能意味著你正缺乏這個(gè)。使用Twitter(推特)在LinkedIn上輸入或積極參加LinkedIn(領(lǐng)英團(tuán)隊(duì))來(lái)表現(xiàn)出你的專業(yè)知識(shí)和興趣，”薩爾皮特說(shuō)。“始終如一地與他人分享見(jiàn)解，文章和資源將會(huì)表明你充分了解該領(lǐng)域，并且緊跟其步伐。”

Once you put all these techniques in play, hiring managers should be able to clearly understand the rationale behind your all-over-the-map job choices and see how they fit naturally together. You’ll be perceived as perhaps an even more powerful candidate than someone who’s climbed the ladder with laser-like focus.

一旦你把所有的這些技巧都運(yùn)用上，招聘經(jīng)理就能從你全部的工作選擇背后了解得清清楚楚，并且看到他們都很自然地聯(lián)系在一起。比起那些專注于步步高升的人，你甚至?xí)灰暈楦袑?shí)力的一位求職者。