2021年中級(jí)商務(wù)英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)考試指導(dǎo)：保險(xiǎn)（2）

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2021年中級(jí)商務(wù)英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)考試指導(dǎo)：保險(xiǎn)（3）

Conversations

Dialogue 1

A: Good afternoon, Mr. Brown. My appointment was at 4 o’clock, wasn’t it?

B: Yes, Mrs. Wang. We have been expecting you. Mrs. Wang, this is Mr. Jordan of the People’sInsurance Company of China. He has come to explain the unfortunate affair about theinsurance.

A: Thank you for coming. Mr. Brown, as you may recall, the

February consignment arrived at Manila seriously damaged. The loss through breakage was over30% of the consignment. We’ve presented a claim to the underwriters through your firm, butthe insurance company refused to admit liability, as there was no insurance on breakage. Wenaturally were not satisfied with such a reply.

B: I should like to hear what Mr. Jordan has to say about it. You know of course that we, thesellers, are merely acting as mediators in this matter. The Insurance Company is responsiblefor the claim, as far as it is within the scope of coverage.

J: That’s just the point. The loss in question was beyond the

coverage granted by us. According to your instructions, we made out an insurance certificatecovering W.P.A. and the risk of break- age wasn’t mentioned in it. We rang up the CeramicsSection of Light Industrial Products Import & Export Corporation, but were told that theircustomer had not asked for coverage in case of breakage.

-- 下午好，布朗先生。我們約好四點(diǎn)鐘見(jiàn)面，是不是?

-- 是的，王小姐。我們一直在等你。王小姐，這位是中國(guó)人民保險(xiǎn)公 司的喬丹先生。他是來(lái)解釋這次不幸事件的保險(xiǎn)問(wèn)題的。

-- 謝謝你來(lái)。布朗先生，你也許記得，二月份發(fā)運(yùn)到馬尼拉的那批貨 物破碎嚴(yán)重。破碎損失超過(guò)這批貨物的百分之三十。我們已通過(guò)你 們公司向保險(xiǎn)公司提出了索賠，但保險(xiǎn)公司以沒(méi)投保破碎險(xiǎn)為由， 拒絕承擔(dān)責(zé)任。我們當(dāng)然對(duì)這種回答不滿意。

-- 我想聽(tīng)聽(tīng)喬丹先生對(duì)此有什么看法。當(dāng)然，你是知道的，我們賣方 對(duì)這種事只是個(gè)調(diào)解人。只要在保險(xiǎn)責(zé)任范圍內(nèi)，保險(xiǎn)公司就應(yīng)負(fù) 賠償責(zé)任。

-- 問(wèn)題就在這里。你說(shuō)的損失并不包括在我們承保的責(zé)任范圍之內(nèi)。 根據(jù)你們的要求，我們出具了投保水漬險(xiǎn)的保險(xiǎn)憑證，但沒(méi)提及到 破碎險(xiǎn)。我們?cè)螂娫捊o輕工業(yè)品公司陶瓷品部，但他們說(shuō)，客戶 并未要求投保破碎險(xiǎn)。

B: In the letter of credit only coverage for all marine risks?was requested. I should like to pointout that our prices were calcu- lated without insurance for any special risk. So we applied forthe usual W.P.A. coverage and let our customers deal with the matter of breakage. Since thevalidity of the letter of credit was going to expire in two days, there was no time to write formore detailed instructions. If the L/C had been valid for a longer period, we should have hadtime to make the matter thoroughly clear.

A: Mr. Brown, our import license only ran up to the middle of February, consequently wewere not able to extend the validity of the letter of credit. But we presume that the wordingof our L/C implies covering the risk of breakage. Besides, when I take a W.P. A. insurance,that is, with particular average, I should think the risk of breakage is a par ticular average, isn’tit?

J: Not every breakage is a particular average. It is a particular aver- age when the breakageresults from natural ca lam i ties or mar i time accidents, such as stranding and sinking of thecar ry ing vessel, or is attributable to fire, explosion or collision. If none of these conditionsoccur, break age is often considered as an or di nary loss and rep re sents what we call ?inherent vice or nature of the subject matter insured? which is outside the scope of thecoverage.

-- 信用證只要求投保“綜合海運(yùn)險(xiǎn)”。我想要指出的是，我們的價(jià)格 沒(méi)把任何特殊險(xiǎn)計(jì)算在內(nèi)，所以我們只投保了通常的水漬險(xiǎn)，而讓 我們的客戶自行辦理破碎險(xiǎn)事宜。由于信用證兩天內(nèi)就要到期，來(lái) 不及寫(xiě)出更詳細(xì)的說(shuō)明。如果信用證的有效期長(zhǎng)一點(diǎn)的話，我們就 會(huì)有時(shí)間把事情徹底說(shuō)清楚。

-- 布朗先生，我們進(jìn)口許可證的有效期到二月中旬截止，因此我們無(wú) 法延長(zhǎng)信用證的有效期。但是我方認(rèn)為信用證的措辭包含了投保破 碎險(xiǎn)。此外，當(dāng)我投保水漬險(xiǎn)時(shí)，那就是對(duì)單獨(dú)海損要負(fù)責(zé)賠償， 我想破碎險(xiǎn)是屬于一種單獨(dú)海損，對(duì)不對(duì)?

-- 并不是所有破碎險(xiǎn)都是屬于單獨(dú)海損。只是由于自然災(zāi)害或意外事 故所造成的破碎，如貨船擱淺與沉沒(méi)，或歸因于著火、爆炸、或碰 撞所引起的破碎才算是屬于單獨(dú)海損。如果沒(méi)有發(fā)生上述事故，破 碎便常被認(rèn)為是一種普通損失，也就是我們所說(shuō)的，由于“貨物內(nèi) 在缺陷或特性”所引起的損失，不屬于承保范圍之內(nèi)。

A: But the risk of breakage is covered by marineinsurance, isn’t it?

J: Certainly, but it is a usual practice to makespecific mention in the insurance policy orcertificate that the risk of breakage is included. Theinclusion of this special risk will be subject to anadditional premium that will normally be higher thanthe basic insurance for the ordinary marine risks.The rate for such risk will vary accord- ing to thekind of commodity, or, as in ceramics, according tothe fragility of the goods. I think you must know allabout that.

A: Well, I have heard something about it but I can’t say that it is very clear to me. I must admitI’m a layman as far as insurance is concerned.

J: Then let me explain this insurance.

B: Mrs. Wang, would you care for a cup of tea? Or some coffee?

A: Thank you. A cup of tea would be nice. And now, let me hear more about the problem ofinsurance.

-- 但破碎險(xiǎn)是包括在海洋運(yùn)輸貨物險(xiǎn)之內(nèi)，對(duì)不對(duì)?

-- 當(dāng)然，可是按照通常慣例要在保險(xiǎn)單或保險(xiǎn)憑證上特別注明破碎 險(xiǎn)包括在內(nèi)。包括這種特別險(xiǎn)就必須附加保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)。這種保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)一 般要比通常的海洋運(yùn)輸貨物險(xiǎn)的基本險(xiǎn)高。這類險(xiǎn)別的保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)率 將根據(jù)貨物種類，比如陶瓷器，根據(jù)貨物的易脆性而有所不同。我想這些你應(yīng)該都知道。

-- 哦，我聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)一些，但我不能說(shuō)很清楚。我得承認(rèn)，就保險(xiǎn)而言，我是個(gè)外行。

-- 那我來(lái)解釋一下這種保險(xiǎn)吧。

-- 王小姐，想喝杯茶呢還是咖啡?

-- 謝謝，來(lái)杯茶倒挺好的。現(xiàn)在，我還想再聽(tīng)聽(tīng)關(guān)于保險(xiǎn)的問(wèn)題。

Dialogue 2

W: Do I understand that All Marine Risks means less than All Risks?

J: The English understand by marine risks?only risks incident to transport by sea, such ascollision, stranding, fire, pen e tra tion of sea water into the holds of the ships, etc. In otherwords, under ?all marine risks? recoverable loss will only be con fined to those arising fromperils of the sea and maritime accidents only. The all risks?coverage will admit all lossesoccurring at any time throughout the whole currency of the coverage, irrespective of whetherthey are caused by accidents at sea or on land. In this sense, all marine risks provides a morelimited cover than all risks?

W: I see. Another thing I don’t understand at this moment is the advantage of W.P.A.coverage. I thought that the W.P.A. insurance should cover all principal risks while, accordingto what you say, it means very little. It seems to be a phrase without much substance. Thenwhat is the difference between W.P.A. and F.P.A.?

-- 那么，“一切海洋運(yùn)輸貨物險(xiǎn)”是否意味著比“一切險(xiǎn)”范圍狹一些呢?

-- 英國(guó)人對(duì)“海洋運(yùn)輸貨物險(xiǎn)”只理解為海運(yùn)中的意外風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，諸如 船舶碰撞、擱淺、起火、海水侵入船艙等。換句話說(shuō)，投保“一 切海洋運(yùn)輸貨物險(xiǎn)”，其損失的賠償只限于因海上災(zāi)難和海運(yùn)意外事故所引起的損失。而保“一切險(xiǎn)”，在全部承保期內(nèi)的任何時(shí)期，不論海上或陸上所產(chǎn)生的意外事故，其全部損失都予以賠償。在 這個(gè)意義上，“一切海洋運(yùn)輸貨物險(xiǎn)”比“一切險(xiǎn)”所承保的責(zé)任 范圍更為有限。

-- 我懂了。另外一件事我現(xiàn)在還不明白的是，保“水漬險(xiǎn)”有什么 好處。 我原以為“水漬險(xiǎn)”應(yīng)包括全部主要風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，而根據(jù)你所說(shuō) 的，它的承保責(zé)任卻是很少。徒有其名，而沒(méi)有本質(zhì)意義。那么，“水漬險(xiǎn)”與“平安險(xiǎn)”有什么區(qū)別呢?

J: This is a question that is very often overlooked, Mrs. Wang. It is a very common butmistaken idea that a merchant has done everything that is required to protect him againstloss es when he has taken out W.P.A. insurance. There is, perhaps, no mistake more det rimen tal to his interests.

W: That interests me very much. I must confess that I was under the impression that W.P.A.insurance was quite sufficient and that losses due to breakage were covered. I know thatF.P.A. insur- ance does not cover losses on consumer goods, but I did think that the W.P.A. insur ance covered more risks than the F.P.A.

J: Actually it is like this. There is some difference between W.P.A. and F.P.A. The F.P.A. clausedoes not cover par tial loss of the nature of particular average, whereas the W.P.A. claus escover such losses when they exceed a prearranged percentage. This is the only dif fer encebetween W.P.A. and F.P.A. Otherwise, the protection under the F.P.A. clause will be al mostidentical with that of fered by the W.P.A. clause, because in the event of mari- time ac ci dentsen coun tered in transit, such as stranding, fire, explosion or collision, both clauses will cov erparticular average losses in full.

-- 王小姐，這是一個(gè)經(jīng)常被人忽略的問(wèn)題。這是個(gè)很普通卻又是個(gè) 很錯(cuò)誤的想法，那就是商人投保了“水漬險(xiǎn)”，便以為足以保障其 利益不受損失?？峙聸](méi)別的錯(cuò)誤比這個(gè)更有損他自己的利益的了。

-- 很有意思。我得承認(rèn)，以往我總認(rèn)為投保了“水漬險(xiǎn)”就夠了; 而且以為破碎引起的種種損失也包括在內(nèi)。我知道“平安險(xiǎn)”并 不包括消費(fèi)品的種種損失，但我確實(shí)以 為“水漬險(xiǎn)”比“平安 險(xiǎn)”承保的范圍更大。

-- 確實(shí)是這樣。“水漬險(xiǎn)”與“平安險(xiǎn)”是有些不同。“平安險(xiǎn)”條款 不包括單獨(dú)海損性質(zhì)的部分損失，而“水漬險(xiǎn)”條款當(dāng)超過(guò)事先

商定的百分比時(shí)，則包括此類損失。這是“水漬險(xiǎn)”與“平安險(xiǎn)”唯一不同之處。除此之外，“平安險(xiǎn)”條款所承保的責(zé)任與 “水漬險(xiǎn)”條款所承保的責(zé)任差不多相同。因?yàn)槿f(wàn)一在運(yùn)輸途中遭遇海上意外事故，諸如擱淺、著火、爆炸或碰撞，這兩種條款都全部賠償單獨(dú)海損的損失。

W: I don’t mean to annoy you, Mr. Jordan, but I don’t quite grasp this. Couldn’t you say it insimpler terms?

J: I’ll try. Neither the W.P.A. nor the F.P.A. mentions the risks covered or the risks excluded.The extent of in sur ance is stipulated in the basic policy form and in the various risks clauses.Look at the in sur ance certificates and you will find that the risks of theft and pilferage,freshwater, oil, grease, hooks, breakage, leakage, contamination, deterioration, etc. arespecifically mentioned and must be specifically applied for. These are special risks. F.P.A. standsfor free of Particular Average?while W. P. A. or W.A. stands for With Particular Average?

W: Mr. Jordan, I must say that you have corrected my ideas about the insurance. I see nowthat this is far more complicated than I had imagined.

B: Now I know why you often point out to us the wording of some letter of credit which youdon’t feel happy about. But what are we to do about it? We must keep to the stipulations ofthe contract and the letter of credit.

-- 喬丹先生，我并不想讓你生氣，但是我還是不太懂。你能否說(shuō)得 簡(jiǎn)單一點(diǎn)?

-- 我試試看。無(wú)論“水漬險(xiǎn)”還是“平安險(xiǎn)”都不注明包括哪些險(xiǎn)別 或者不包括哪些險(xiǎn)別。 保險(xiǎn)范圍是寫(xiě)在基本保險(xiǎn)單內(nèi)和各種險(xiǎn)別條 款里。你看保險(xiǎn)憑證就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)偷竊險(xiǎn)、淡水險(xiǎn)、油漬險(xiǎn)、油污險(xiǎn)、 鉤損險(xiǎn)、破碎險(xiǎn)、滲漏險(xiǎn)、沾污險(xiǎn)、變質(zhì)險(xiǎn)等都特加注明，并且必 須特別申保。這些就是特別險(xiǎn)。F.P.A.代表Free fromParticular

Average(平安險(xiǎn))，而W.P.A.或W.A.代表 WithParticular Average (水漬險(xiǎn))。

-- 喬丹先生，我得說(shuō)，你已經(jīng)改正了我對(duì)保險(xiǎn)的想法。我現(xiàn)在才明 白，這比我以前想象的要復(fù)雜多了。

-- 現(xiàn)在我才知道，你為什么經(jīng)常向我們指出，你對(duì)某些信用證的措辭 感到不愉快。 但現(xiàn)在我們?cè)撛趺崔k呢?我們一定要遵守合約和信用 證的規(guī)定。

W: The blame does not only rest with the letter ofcredit. For an item like ceramics, I think the LightIndustrial Products Corporation should haveunderstood from our letter of cred it that we want ed to cover all the risks, including the risk ofbreakage. I must say the error was on both sides and I think the loss ought to be shar- ed byboth parties, let us say half and half.

B: Our price calculation could hardly admit that. Besides, we act ed upon your instructions, soit is not our fault. But in view of our good relationship, we’ll supply you with a favorable offerto com- pensate some of your losses.

J: (rising) I sincerely hope that you will settle the matter to your mutual satisfaction.

W: It goes without saying that both parties must abide by the con- tract terms that we haveagreed upon and signed. This blunder, which is due to my ignorance, has cost me a pret typenny.

B: We also have learned a lesson from this.

W: Well, to compensate a part of the loss, as you suggested, may I ask you to make us a firmoffer for 50,000 glazed wall tiles C.I.F. Manila including the risk of breakage, Novembershipment?

B: We’ll make you an offer tomorrow. Come and see us at 9 a.m.

W: Thank you. Tomorrow at 9 then.

-- 問(wèn)題不只是信用證。對(duì)于陶瓷器來(lái)說(shuō)，我想輕工業(yè)品公司應(yīng)從我 們的信用證中領(lǐng)會(huì)到我們要保的是“一切險(xiǎn)”，包括破碎險(xiǎn)在內(nèi)。 所以我得說(shuō)雙方都有錯(cuò)誤，我認(rèn)為損失應(yīng)由雙方承擔(dān)，我們就對(duì)半 負(fù)擔(dān)吧。

-- 我們的計(jì)價(jià)不容許這么做。此外，我們是根據(jù)你們的要求辦理的， 所以這不是我們的過(guò)錯(cuò)。但鑒于我們之間的良好關(guān)系，我們準(zhǔn)備給 你提供一個(gè)優(yōu)惠報(bào)盤，借以補(bǔ)償你方的一些損失。

-- (站起身來(lái))我衷心希望，你們將這件事情解決至雙方都滿意。

-- 不用說(shuō)，雙方都必須遵守已經(jīng)同意并已簽署過(guò)的合約條款。這次疏 忽是由于我的無(wú)知，使我損失了不少錢。

-- 我們也從這件事吸取了教訓(xùn)。

-- 如你所說(shuō)，為了賠償一部分損失，可否請(qǐng)你們報(bào)給我們一個(gè)實(shí)盤： 五萬(wàn)塊釉面瓷磚包括破碎險(xiǎn)在內(nèi)、馬尼拉到岸價(jià)，11月份裝船?

-- 我們明天報(bào)價(jià)給你，請(qǐng)?jiān)谏衔缇劈c(diǎn)來(lái)吧。

-- 謝謝，那么明天九點(diǎn)再見(jiàn)。

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