2011年自考英語寫作精選句大匯總(2)
第二部分:寫作常識 $lesson$
一、圖形種類及概述法:
泛指一份數(shù)據(jù)圖表:a data graph/chart/diagram/illustration/table
餅圖:pie chart
直方圖或柱形圖:bar chart/histogram
趨勢曲線圖:line chart/curve diagram轉(zhuǎn)自環(huán) 球 網(wǎng) 校edu24ol.com
表格圖:table
流程圖或過程圖:flow chart/sequence diagram
程序圖:processing/procedures diagram
以下是一些較常用的描述用法
The table/chart diagram/graph shows (that)
According to the table/chart diagram/graph
As (is) shown in the table/chart diagram/graph
As can be seen from the table/chart/diagram/graph/figures,
figures/statistics shows (that)……
It can be seen from the figures/statistics
We can see from the figures/statistics
It is clear from the figures/statistics
It is apparent from the figures/statistics
table/chart/diagram/graph figures (that) ……
table/chart/diagram/graph shows/describes/illustrates how
二、data的具體表達法
data在某一個時間段固定不變:fixed in time
在一系列的時間段中轉(zhuǎn)變:changes over time
持續(xù)變化的data在不同情況下:
增加:increase/raise/rise/go up ……
減少:decrease/grow down/drop/fall ……
波動:fluctuate/rebound/undulate/wave ……
穩(wěn)定:remain stable/stabilize/level off ……
最常用的兩種表達法:
動詞 + 副詞形式(Verb+Adverb form)
形容詞 + 名詞形式(Adjective+Noun form)轉(zhuǎn)自環(huán) 球 網(wǎng) 校edu24ol.com
1. Verb+Adverb form
The number of XXX
+increase/jump/rise/decrease/drop/fall/fluctuate……
+insignificantly/significantly/slightly/suddenly/rapidly/dramatically
/sharply/steeply/steadily/gradually/slowly……
+from (第一時間) to (第二時間)/between (第一時間) and (第二時間)
2. Adjective+Noun form
There was a (very) sudden/rapid/dramatic/significant/sharp/steep/steady/gradual/slow/slight
+increase/jump/rise/decrease/drop/fall/fluctuation (注意:上述很多詞不可用于修飾fluctuation)
+in the number of XXX from (第一時間) to (第二時間)/between (第一時間) and (第二時間)
描述穩(wěn)定的data:
The number of XXX remained steady/stable from (第一時間) to (第二時間)/between (第一時間) and (第二時間)
The number of XXX stayed the same from (第一時間) to (第二時間)/between (第一時間) and (第二時間)
There was little change/hardly any change/no change in the number of XXX from from (
第一時間) to (第二時間)/between (第一時間) and (第二時間)
描述不同狀態(tài)的data
Noun form:
steady drop/sharp rise peak/dramatic fall/sharp drop
Verbal form:
(to) bottom out/(to) reach the bottom/(to) increase gradually/(to) reach a plateau/(to) remain steady
描述the highest point以及the lowest point
高點極值:
The monthly profit/The figures/The situation ……
+peaked in (月份/年) <準確時間點用at XXX> at XXX%/XXX(極點data)
或者reached a peak/a high point at XXX%/XXX(極點data)
低點極值:
XXX bottomed out/reached
+rock/the bottom/a low point
或者hit a trough
此外,在描述過程中還有很多的conjunctional words/sentences,最常用的固定搭配如下:
并列: as well as(句首/中), also, as well(句尾), either, neither, too,
moreover, furthermore, in addition, additionally, besides, what's more, apart from ……
舉例: for example, for instance, to illustrate, as an illustration, in particular, particularly, especially
事實: as a matter of fact, in fact, actually, as long as, so long as ……
雷同/近似:similarly, likewise(句首/尾), at the same time, equally ……
轉(zhuǎn)折: however, whereas, nevertheless, nonetheless, though,
although, even though, while, yet, on the contrary, contrarily,
in contrast, conversely, on the other hand, unlikely, in stead (of), in spite of, despite of ……
原因與結(jié)果
1. cause-suggestion (幾乎不常用)
since/now that ……; I hope that……
because of/on account of/owing to/thanks to + (doing) sth, I hope that……
2. cause-effect (較常用)
XXX lead to/bring about/result in/ account for ……
(一個句子), therefore/thus/hence/as a result/consequently/(and) so ……
3. effect-cause (較常用)
XXX be caused by/result from/be the result of/be the effect of/be the consequence of ……
(一個句子), because ……
it is adj. that ……
it is unimaginable that ……
it is undeniable that ……
it is interesting to discover that ……
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