2012年自考英語(yǔ)(一)復(fù)習(xí)指導(dǎo)：動(dòng)詞句型（3）

更新時(shí)間：2012-05-23 09:45:15 來源：|0

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　　主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)(帶邏輯主語(yǔ)的動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ))

　　I don''t know him/his lending my money.轉(zhuǎn)自環(huán) 球網(wǎng) 校edu24ol.com

　　My mother forbids me/my smoking in the house.

　　I miss you/your bringing me cups of coffee at night.

　　The old lady hated the children/children''s playing in her garden.

　　The little girl loves her mother/her mother''s reading to her in bed.

　　注意：

　　1.動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)的邏輯主語(yǔ)可以是人稱代詞、名詞、名詞短語(yǔ)(如him, its, Tom, the students)或是比較正式的所有格形式(如his, Tom''s, the students'')。不表示人的代詞或名詞所有格則很少使用。如

　　I looked forward to its getting warm in spring.

　　We stopped the truck''s craching into the wall.

　　2.用于這一句型的動(dòng)詞主要有 admire, dislike, forbid, hate, imagine,justify, like, love, miss, prevent, recall, regret, remember, report, resent, stand, stop, undestand和urge。

　　3.用于這一句型的動(dòng)詞一般不用于被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)。

　　主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)(形容詞/形容詞短語(yǔ))

　　I''ll plead you guilty.

　　You will make yourself sick.

　　They all found the joke funny.

　　The medicine made the old man''s eyes weak.轉(zhuǎn)自環(huán) 球網(wǎng) 校edu24ol.com

　　This will not only keep the study habit alive but also keep you up to date on your class assignments.

　　注意：

　　用于這一句型的部分動(dòng)詞可以用于被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)，但主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)要更為自然。如：

　　The old man''s eyes were made weak (by the medicine).

　　主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)(名詞/名詞短語(yǔ))

　　I consider Linda my best friend.

　　Our teacher declared him the winner.

　　The boss made Mr. Brown chairman of the department.

　　注意：

　　用于這一句型的動(dòng)詞可用于被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)。如：

　　He was declared the winner (by the teacher).

　　主語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)(介詞/介詞短語(yǔ))

　　He placed the violin in a corner.

　　He put some small berries in his mouth.

　　Bob pointed a forefinger at each word in turn.

　　A nurse took the tired, anxious serviceman to the bedside.

　　He felt sweat oh his forehead, but he took the violin from the wall calmly.

　　注意：

　　1.這一句型里的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)多為表示空間，特別是表示方向的介詞短語(yǔ)。

　　2.用于這一句型中的動(dòng)詞一般可用于被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)。如：

　　The violin was placed in a corner (by him).

　　主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)(不帶to的不定式短語(yǔ))

　　The jokes made my side ache.

　　Louise would not let anyone follow her.

　　One day they saw him put a lot of bread under his shirt.

　　Now and then the nurse heard him say a few gentle words.

　　We watched the tall figure cross the square and get onto a bus.

　　注意：

　　1.用于這一句型的動(dòng)詞多是感知?jiǎng)釉~(如feel, hear, see和watch)或是具有強(qiáng)制意義的動(dòng)詞(如have, help, let和make)。

　　2.動(dòng)詞help后的不定式標(biāo)志to可有可無，help sb. to do sth.多見于英式英語(yǔ)，help sb. do sth. 多見于美式英語(yǔ)。

　　3.除watch外，其它動(dòng)詞均可用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中的賓語(yǔ)則變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中的主語(yǔ)，而不帶to的不定式則變?yōu)閹o的不定式，但主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)要更為自然。如：

　　He was seen to put a lot of bread under his shirt one day.

　　主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)(現(xiàn)在分詞)

　　The newspaper article set me thinking.

　　Louise could hear someone singing far away.

　　The Jewish man watched me trying to read that paper.

　　The men from the ship saw a strange object lying on the beach.

　　They found the young man wading through some marshes in a military exercise.

　　注意：

　　1.用于這一句型的動(dòng)詞一類是感知?jiǎng)釉~(catch, discover, feel, find, hear, leave, notice, observe, overhear, perceive, see, smell, spot, spy和watch)，另一類是使役動(dòng)詞(get, have, keep, set和start)。

　　2.除動(dòng)詞have和start外，其它動(dòng)詞一般可用于被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)，即將主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中的賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中的主語(yǔ)，但主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)要更為自然。如：

　　Iwas watched (by the Jewish man) trying to read that paper.

　　3.動(dòng)詞feel, hear, notice, see, observe, overhear和watch后既可接現(xiàn)在分詞作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)，又可接不帶to的不定式作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)，這二者的區(qū)別是：前者表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，而后者則著重表示從頭到尾的全過程。如：

　　She watched her son cross the road.

　　她看著兒子過了馬路。(注視著全過程)

　　She watched her son crossing the road.

　　她看著兒子過馬路。(不一定是全過程)

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