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2012年自考英語(一)復(fù)習(xí)指導(dǎo):動(dòng)詞句型(4)

更新時(shí)間:2012-05-23 09:47:25 來源:|0 瀏覽0收藏0

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  主語+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)語(過去分詞)

  My father got his watch repaired.

  I would like my bedroom cleaned.

  The small boy has had his teeth fixed.轉(zhuǎn)自環(huán) 球 網(wǎng) 校edu24ol.com

  The young man had his hair dyed in a small barber's shop.

  We would have most of the dishes cleared away by 11:00 or 11:15 p.m.

  注意:

  1.用于這一句型的動(dòng)詞為使役動(dòng)詞(get, have)、意愿動(dòng)詞(like, need, want)、感知?jiǎng)釉~(feel, hear, see, watch)和后接表示結(jié)果狀態(tài)的過去分詞(discover, find, leave).

  2.只有第四類動(dòng)詞可用于被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)。如:

  His car was found abandoned.

  主語+及物動(dòng)詞+間接賓語(人稱代詞/名詞/名詞短語)+直接賓語(名詞/名詞短語)

  Only love of life gave him strength.

  The Thinking Machine handed Winthrop an envelope.

  Andersen's father showed him a white woman-like figure.

  David and his wife sent their unknown donor family letters.

  The letters of instructions merely told my managers the costs of the various drills.

  注意:

  用于這一句型的大部分動(dòng)詞均可用于兩種形式的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu),即將主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中的間接賓語或直接賓語變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中的主語,但第一種形式的被動(dòng)形式更為常見。如:

  Andersen was shown an a white woman-like figure (by his father).

  A white woman-like figure was shown to Andersen (by his father).

  主語+及物動(dòng)詞+直接賓語+間接賓語(to/for+名詞/名詞短語/人稱代詞)

  We sent a letter of thanks to him .

  My mother poured a cup of coffee for the guest.轉(zhuǎn)自環(huán) 球 網(wǎng) 校edu24ol.com

  She has showed her expensive coat to all her friends.

  Television presents to children a world that doesn’t exist.

  The Thinking Machine handed the envelope to the secretary.

  注意:

  1.用于這一句型的大部分動(dòng)詞可用于被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu),即將主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中的直接賓語變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中的主語。如:

  Her expensive coat has been showed to all her friends (by her).

  2.在第四個(gè)例句中,因直接賓語太長而置于間接賓語之后。

  主語+及物動(dòng)詞+間接賓語+直接賓語(that從句)

  I warned Dennis that the paint was wet.

  He promised me that he would study harder this semester.

  Henry told the police that some students were digging a hole in hte road.

  I told Professor Agassiz (that) I had enrolled my name in the scientific school as a student of natural history.

  注意:

  1.連詞that有時(shí)可以省略。

  2.用于這一句型的大部分動(dòng)詞可用于被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)。如:

  I was warned (by him) that the paint was wet.

  主語+及物動(dòng)詞+間接賓語+直接賓語(wh-/how/if/whether從句)

  主語+及物動(dòng)詞+間接賓語+直接賓語(wh-/how/whether不定式短語)

  I should teach you what is right.

  He didn't tell us what really happened.

  Bob asked the professor when he could leave the laboratory.

  He didn't tell the students if/whether they could use a dictionary.

  Could you show me how to use this machine?

  注意:

  1.用于這一句型的動(dòng)詞主要有advise, ask, inform, instruct, remind, show, teach, tell和warn。其中部分動(dòng)詞可用于被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu),即將主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中的間接賓語變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中的主語。如:

  The boy was told (by the woman) what the work was like.

  2.副詞why不能引導(dǎo)不定式短語。

  主語+及物動(dòng)詞+間接賓語+直接賓語(to+名詞/名詞短語/人稱代詞)+賓語補(bǔ)語(不定式短語)

  He motioned to me to sit down.

  She beckoned(招手)to me to follow.

  Henry nodded to the wine waiter to bring another cup of wine.

  注意:

  1.用于這一句型的賓語指主語招呼或示意的對(duì)象。

  2.用于這一句型的動(dòng)詞一般不能用于被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)。

  主語+及物動(dòng)詞+間接賓語(to+名詞/名詞短語/人稱代詞)+直接賓語(wh-/how/if/ whether從句)

  主語+及物動(dòng)詞+間接賓語(to+名詞/名詞短語/人稱代詞)+直接賓語(wh-/how/if/ whether不定式短語)

  The manager indicated to me where I should sit / where to sit.

  The headmaster explained to the new teachers what they should do next / what to do next.

  My mother described to me how I should cook the fish / how to cook the fish.

  注意:

  1.這一句型里的間接賓語主要指主語發(fā)出信息的對(duì)象。

  2.用于這一句型里的部分動(dòng)詞可用于被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu),一般用 it 作為形式主語,真正的主語置于曾是主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中的間接賓語之后。如:

  It was explained to the new teachers ( by the headmaster) what they should do next / what to do next.

  3.副詞 why 不能引導(dǎo)不定式短語。

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