2012年自考英語基礎(chǔ)知識輔導(dǎo)：?？紗卧~及解析

　　1. telecommunication n. 電信，遠(yuǎn)距離通信

　　請注意這個詞的構(gòu)成，tele-是一個前綴，意思是"遠(yuǎn)"，"遠(yuǎn)距離"。用tele-為前綴構(gòu)成的詞很多，如： television(電視)， telegram(電報) ，telegraph(電報機(jī);發(fā)電報) ，telephone(電話)，telescope(望遠(yuǎn)鏡)等。

　　The Japanese hope that we can be persuaded to buy their telecommunication equipment.(日本人希望能勸說我們購買他們的電信設(shè)備。)

　　AT&T has been allowed to enter the field of telecommunications in Shanghai.(在上海，AT&T公司已獲準(zhǔn)進(jìn)入電信領(lǐng)域。)

　　2. via prep. 經(jīng)由，經(jīng)過，通過

　　He went to Shanghai via Wuxi.(他經(jīng)由無錫去上海。)轉(zhuǎn)自環(huán) 球 網(wǎng) 校edu24ol.com

　　He booked a ticket to Washington via New York.(他預(yù)定了一張經(jīng)由紐約去華盛頓的票。)

　　They transmitted television pictures via satellite all over the world.(他們通過衛(wèi)星把電視畫面?zhèn)魉偷绞澜绺鞯亍?

　　3. transmit v. 播送，發(fā)射，傳送，傳遞

　　Glass transmits light and water transmits sound.(玻璃能透光，水會傳聲。)

　　The TV program was transmitted by satellite throughout the world.(電視節(jié)目被衛(wèi)星播送到世界各地。)

　　They were reluctant to transmit the information to the control center.(他們不愿意把信息傳送到控制中心去。)

　　4. photography n. 攝影，照相;攝影術(shù)

　　photo是一個詞根，表示"光;光電;照相術(shù)";graph表示"記錄"。以photo為詞根的詞還有： photochemistry(光化學(xué))，photocopy(影印)，photoelectric(光電的)，photograph(照片)， photographer(攝影師)，photosensitive(感光的)等等。以graph為詞根的詞有：autograph(親筆)， biography(傳記)，calligraphy(書法)，geography(地理學(xué))，telegraph(電報)等等。

　　5. telegraph n. 電報機(jī);電報 v.用電報發(fā)送;發(fā)電報

　　我們剛剛講到過tele是一個前綴，表示"遠(yuǎn)，遠(yuǎn)距離"，graph是一個詞根，表示"寫，記錄。"

　　She told him the news by telegraph.(她用電報把消息告訴了他。)

　　I telegraphed him the result last week.(上個星期，我把結(jié)果告訴他了。)轉(zhuǎn)自環(huán) 球 網(wǎng) 校edu24ol.com

　　6. establish v. 建立，創(chuàng)辦;使確認(rèn)

　　He decided to leave school and establish his own company.(他決定離開學(xué)校，創(chuàng)辦自己的公司。)

　　They have established diplomatic relations with that country.(他們已經(jīng)同那個國家建立了外交關(guān)系。)

　　It is important for businessmen to establish credit.(對于商人來說，建立信譽(yù)十分重要。)

　　It is strange that they haven't established the cause of death so far.(很奇怪，他們至今還沒有確定死因。)

　　There is no way to establish the identity of the man.(沒有辦法確認(rèn)那個人的身份。)

　　7. signal n. 信號;暗號

　　v. 向…發(fā)信號

　　He didn't notice the traffic signals when he rode on the street.(他在街上騎車時，沒有注意到交通信號。)

　　He sat in the room and waited for the signal to speak.(他坐在房間里，等候著讓他說話的信號。)

　　The ship signaled its position hourly.(該船每小時用信號報告它的位置。)

　　He signaled me to enter the classroom.(他做手勢叫我進(jìn)教室。)

　　8. visual adj. 視覺的;栩栩如生的

　　vision n. 視力，視覺;想像力;幻想

　　visualize v. 設(shè)想，想像

　　Are you sure it is not your visual illusion?(你能肯定這不是你的視錯覺嗎?)

　　His stories are very visual.(他的故事寫得很生動。)

　　If you don't tell me anything， it is difficult for me to visualize the scene.(如果你什么也不告訴我，要想像這個景象很困難。)

　　9. capable adj. 有能力的，有才能的

　　capability n. 能力

　　I always thought mother was very capable.(我一直認(rèn)為媽媽很能干。)

　　With the knowledge and experience， we are capable of overcoming the difficulties.(有了這些知識和經(jīng)驗，我們能克服困難。)

　　Don't say anything capable of being misunderstood.(別說任何容易引起誤解的話。)

　　They don't have the capability of solving practical problems.(他們沒有解決實(shí)際問題的能力。)

　　Some jobs are beyond their capabilities.(有些工作超出了他們的能力。)

　　10. broadcast v; n. 廣播，播音

　　broadcaster n. 播音員

　　broadcasting n. 廣播，播音

　　broadcast可以做規(guī)則動詞用(-ed)，也可以做不規(guī)則動詞用。(過去時，過去分詞與動詞原形一致。)

　　The news was broadcast to the whole country.(這一消息對全國廣播了。)

　　Did you watch the evening broadcast of world news yesterday?(你昨天有沒有看晚上播送的國際新聞?)

　　He works with the Central People's Broadcasting Station.(他在中央人民廣播電臺工作。)

　　He suggested all television broadcasting should be prohibited.(他建議禁止播放所有的電視節(jié)目。)

　　His wife is a famous television broadcaster.(他妻子是著名的電視播音員。)

　　11.access n. 通道，入口;接近(進(jìn)入)的機(jī)會

　　The door gives access to a living room. (從這個門可以進(jìn)入起居室。)

　　I cannot find the access to this building. (我找不到進(jìn)入這座大樓的通道。)

　　I demanded access to a telephone. (我要求有權(quán)使用電話。)

　　You can easily get access to him. (你很容易接近他。)

　　People in that mountain area had no access to education. (那個山區(qū)的人們過去沒有受教育的機(jī)會。)

　　access 也可以做動詞用，意思是"取，利用"，如：

　　The main problem was that they spent too much time accessing the information from the computer. (主要的問題是他們從計算機(jī)上存取信息花了太多的時間。)

　　14.educational adj. 教育的

　　education n. 教育

　　educate v. 教育

　　There are many educational programs on TV. (電視播放很多教育節(jié)目。)

　　He received a good education when he was young. (他年輕時受過良好的教育。)

　　The education of young people is important to the future of a country. (年輕人的教育對于一個國家的未來來說十分重要。)

　　He was educated in the United States. (他是在美國受的教育。)

　　15. remote adj. 遙遠(yuǎn)的，偏僻的;(可能性)很小的

　　People came to Beijing from the remotest parts of our country. (人們從祖國最偏遠(yuǎn)的地方來到北京。)

　　He decided to go to a remote mountain area after graduation from the university. (他決定大學(xué)畢業(yè)后到偏僻的山區(qū)去。)

　　Can you imagine what will become the world in the remote future? (你能想像在遙遠(yuǎn)的將來世界會變成什么樣嗎?)

　　There is only a remote possibility to finish it in two days. (在兩天內(nèi)完成的可能性極小。)

　　Please give me the remote control. (請把遙控器給我。)

　　16. isolate v. 使隔離

　　isolation n. 隔離，孤立

　　He isolated himself from the outside world. (他把自己與外部世界隔絕了。)

　　The bridge sank and the village was isolated. (橋沉了，那個村子被隔絕了。)

　　He doesn't trust anyone and he lives in isolation. (他不信任任何人，過著孤獨(dú)的生活。)

　　17. transportation n. 運(yùn)輸

　　Bike is a convenient means of transportation. (自行車是很方便的運(yùn)輸物品。)

　　They used both water and land transportation to send their goods. (他們用水陸兩路運(yùn)輸工具。)

　　18. instruction n. 教學(xué)，指導(dǎo);指示，說明

　　instruct v. 命令、指示

　　Read the doctor's instruction before taking the medicine. (服藥前請看一看醫(yī)囑。)

　　We will carry out your instructions very soon. (我們將很快執(zhí)行你的指示。)

　　He is giving instruction in English. (他在講授英語。)

　　The teacher instructed her to do more oral practice. (老師指導(dǎo)她多做口頭訓(xùn)練。)

　　I was instructed to take you to Beijing. (我受命帶你去北京。)

　　19. risk v. 冒…的危險

　　n. 風(fēng)險、冒險

　　He risked his life in saving the drowning child. (他冒著生命危險救那個溺水兒童。)

　　I don't want to risk my life to find out whether he told the truth. (我不想冒喪命的危險去查證他是否說了真話。)

　　It must be done at any risk. (不管冒什么危險，這事必須完成。)

　　He is unwilling to run the risk of losing his money. (他不愿意冒喪失金錢的危險。)

　　20. privacy n. 私事;隱私;獨(dú)處

　　private adj. 私人的

　　A person should have some privacy. (一個人應(yīng)有自己的隱私。)

　　She likes to live in privacy. (她喜歡清靜地獨(dú)居。)

　　They are having a private conversation. (他們在密談。)

　　This is only my private opinion. (這只是我的個人意見。)

　　21. contact n. 接觸，聯(lián)系

　　v. 與…接觸

　　They have lost contact for many years. (他們失去聯(lián)系已有多年了。)

　　We have to get into contact with him as soon as possible. (我們得盡快跟他取得聯(lián)系。)

　　Contact me by telephone. (跟我電話聯(lián)系。)

　　He contacted the control tower by radio. (他用無線電與指揮塔取得了聯(lián)系。)

　　22. application n. 申請;應(yīng)用

　　apply v. 申請;實(shí)施

　　Please fill in the application form. (請?zhí)钌暾埍怼?

　　The company rejected his application. (公司拒絕了他的申請。)

　　It is important to put the theory into application. (把理論應(yīng)用起來很重要。)

　　He applied for party membership. (他申請入黨了。)

　　We are trying to apply book knowledge to real work. (我們正努力把書本知識運(yùn)用于實(shí)際工作中。)

　　本課主要構(gòu)詞法

　　conversion (轉(zhuǎn)類法)

　　orbit (n.)--(v.)

　　telegraph (n.)--(v.) broadcast (n.)--(v.)

　　channel (n.)--(v.) risk (n.)--(v.)

　　contact (n.)--(v.) harm (n.)--(v.)

　　affixation (詞綴法)

　　1. 名詞后綴-ation

　　application

　　conversation

　　transportation

　　communication

　　2. 形容詞后綴-al

　　personal

　　educational

　　12. unlimited adj. 無界限的;無限制的;無數(shù)的

　　limited adj. 有限的

　　limit n. 界限;限度

　　v. 限制

　　He longed for unlimited power. (他渴望有無限的權(quán)利。)

　　They stored unlimited amount of food when they heard there might be an earthquake. (他們聽說有可能地震貯備了大量的食品。)

　　Time is too limited， we have to finish this work in a hurry. (時間太緊，我們得匆匆完成這項工作了。)

　　You have to realize we have limited sources of information. (你得意識到我們的消息來源很有限。)

　　The driver was fined for exceeding the speed limit. (司機(jī)由于超速被罰款。)

　　There is a limit to one's life， but no limit to serving the people. (人的生命是有限的，但為人民服務(wù)是無限的。)

　　We have to limit the expenses as much as possible. (我們必須盡量節(jié)省開支。)

　　The author will limit himself to a discussion of the first two chapters. (作者只準(zhǔn)備討論前兩章的內(nèi)容。)

　　13.demonstrate v. 說明，演示;論證，證實(shí);示威游行

　　demonstration n. 論證;表演;示范;示威

　　The chemistry teacher demonstrated a very interesting experiment to the students. (化學(xué)老師給學(xué)生們演示了一個有趣的實(shí)驗。)

　　How would you demonstrate that the earth goes around the sun? (你如何證明地球圍繞太陽轉(zhuǎn)?)

　　The workers demonstrated for pay increases. (工人們示威要求加薪。)

　　Would you please give us a demonstration? (你能給我們演示一下嗎?)

　　His speech was a demonstration of his patriotism.(他的演講是他一片愛國心的證明。)

　　Tomorrow they will go to the street to stage a demonstration. (明天，他們將上街示威。)

?2012年高教自考網(wǎng)絡(luò)輔導(dǎo)課程招生簡章

?2012年下半年各地自學(xué)考試報名匯總

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