2018年成人英語(yǔ)三級(jí)考試英漢翻譯練習(xí)題(11)

2018年成人英語(yǔ)三級(jí)考試英漢翻譯練習(xí)題(11)

1.Great comic artists assume that truth may bear all lights, and thus they seek to accentuate(強(qiáng)調(diào))contradictions in social action, not gloss over or transcend them by appeals to extrasocial symbols of divine ends, cosmic purpose, or laws of nature.

大喜劇家們認(rèn)為真理需要各種啟示，因此他們開(kāi)始強(qiáng)調(diào)社會(huì)活動(dòng)中的各種矛盾，而不是掩飾或者通過(guò)非社會(huì)象征的神圣結(jié)局和喜劇目的、自然規(guī)律來(lái)超越它。

2.The hydrologic(水文地質(zhì)的)cycle, a major topic in this science, is the complete cycle of phenomena through which water passes, beginning as atmospheric water vapor, passing into liquid and solid form as precipitation(降水(量)), thence along and into the ground surface, and finally again returning to the form of atmospheric water vapor by means of evaporation and transpiration(散發(fā)).

水文地質(zhì)循環(huán)是這一科學(xué)里面的一個(gè)重要課題，它是水的完全循環(huán)過(guò)程。這一過(guò)程從水蒸汽開(kāi)始中，以降水量的形式成為液態(tài)或者固態(tài)水，這樣就到了地表，最后又通過(guò)蒸發(fā)或者散發(fā)方式回到水蒸汽的狀態(tài)。

3.My point is that its central consciousness-its profound understanding of class and gender as shaping influences on people's lives-owes much to that earlier literary heritage. a heritage that. in general. has not been sufficiently valued by most contemporary literary critics.

我認(rèn)為它的關(guān)鍵意識(shí)——它對(duì)于階級(jí)和性的深遠(yuǎn)理解對(duì)人們的生活有著重要影響——很大程度上歸功于文化遺產(chǎn)，總的來(lái)說(shuō)，當(dāng)代的文藝批評(píng)家并未對(duì)此給予足夠評(píng)價(jià)。

4.In the early 1950's historians who studies preindustrial Europe (which we may define here as Europe in the period from roughly 1300 to 1800) began, for the first time in large numbers, to investigate more of the preindustrial European population than the 2 or 3 percent who comprised the political and social elite(精華): the kings, generals, judges, nobles, bishops, and local magnates(要人)who had hitherto(迄今)usually filled history books.

早在20世紀(jì)50年代，許多研究前工業(yè)時(shí)代歐洲(我們可將其粗略定義為1300年至1800年間的歐洲)的歷史學(xué)家們開(kāi)始研究更多的歐洲人群，而不僅僅局在只占人口總數(shù)2%到3%的那些至今還充斥著歷史書(shū)籍的政治、社會(huì)、精英人物：國(guó)王、將軍、法官、貴族主教和地方要人。

5.The historian Frederick J. Tuner wrote in the 1890's that the agrarian(農(nóng)民)discontent(不滿(mǎn))that had been developing steadily in the United States since about 1870 had been precipitated(加速)by the closing of the internal frontier-that is, the depletion(枯竭)of available new land needed for further expansion of the American farming system.

歷史學(xué)家Frederick J Tuner在19世紀(jì)90年代寫(xiě)道：自1870年以來(lái)美國(guó)農(nóng)民的不滿(mǎn)一直在緩慢增長(zhǎng)，直到1870年關(guān)閉了內(nèi)部前沿以后就被加速了——就是說(shuō)，用于擴(kuò)張農(nóng)業(yè)系統(tǒng)的新土地資源已經(jīng)枯竭了。

6.Fallois proposed that Proust had tried to begin a novel in 1908, abandoned it for what was to be a long demonstration of Saint-Beure's blindness to the real nature of great writing, found the essay giving rise to personal memories and fictional developments, and allowed these to take over in a steadily developing novel.

Fallois提出Proust 1908年就開(kāi)始寫(xiě)小說(shuō)了，因?yàn)镾aint-Beure對(duì)于寫(xiě)作的真實(shí)性質(zhì)的忽視，他把小說(shuō)放置了。后來(lái)開(kāi)始流行個(gè)人回憶錄和科幻小說(shuō)，這些東西和小說(shuō)一起穩(wěn)步地發(fā)展。

7.The best evidence for the layered mantle(地幔)thesis is the well-established fact that volcanic rocks found on oceanic islands, islands believed to result from mantle plumes(地柱)arising from the lower mantle, are composed of material fundamentally different from that of the midocean ridge system, whose source, most geologists contend, is the upper mantle.

分層地幔的最好證據(jù)就是在海島上發(fā)現(xiàn)的火山巖這一明顯的事實(shí)。島嶼被認(rèn)為是從低層地幔升起的地柱形成的，它構(gòu)成的基本成份與海中的山脊系統(tǒng)根本不同，許多地質(zhì)學(xué)家認(rèn)為它起源于上層地幔。

8.In October 1838, I happened to read for amusement Malthus on Population, and being well prepared to appreciate the struggle for existence which everywhere goes on, from long continued observation of the habits of animals and plants, it at once struck me that, under these circumstances, favorable variations would tend to be preserved, and unfavourable ones to be destroyed.

1838年10月，我隨便讀了《馬爾薩散人口論》，很欣賞書(shū)的到處都