2019年成人英語三級考前鞏固試題(6)

相關推薦：2019年成人英語三級考前鞏固試題匯總

一、閱讀理解(1-20)

Where do pesticides(殺蟲劑)fit into the picture of environmental disease? We have seen that they now pollute soil, water, and food, that they have the power to make our streams fishless and our gardens and woodlands silent and birdless. Man, however much he may like to pretend the contrary, is part of nature. Can he escape a pollution that is now so thoroughly distributed throughout our world?

We know that even single exposures to these chemicals, if the amount is large enough, can cause extremely severe poisoning. But this is not the major problem. The sudden illness or death of farmers, farm workers, and others exposed to sufficient quantities of pesticides is very sad and should not occur. For the population as a whole, we must be more concerned with the delayed effects of absorbing small amounts of the pesticides that invisibly pollute our world.

Responsible public health officials have pointed out that the biological effects of chemicals are cumulative over long periods of time, and that the danger to the individual may depend on the sum of the exposures received throughout his lifetime. For these very reasons the danger is easily ignored. It is human nature to shake off what may seem to us a threat of future disaster. "Men are naturally most impressed by diseases which have obvious signs," says a wise physician, Dr.Rene Dubos, "yet some of their worst enemies slowly approach them unnoticed."

1. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the sentence "Man, ... is part of nature."(Line 3,Para.1)?

A. Man appears indifferent to what happens in nature.

B. Man acts as if he does not belong to nature.

C. Man can avoid the effects of environmental pollution.

D. Man can escape his responsibilities for environmental protection.

答案：B。詞匯題。答題關鍵在于正確理解"like to pretend the contrary"幾個詞的含義，這幾個詞字面原意為：喜歡假裝相反。把它與原句結合起來看，這一句的意思是：人類，盡管常常表現(xiàn)得恰好相反，卻是自然的一部分。據(jù)此句意來套四個選擇項，就可看出B)(人類表現(xiàn)得好像他不屬于自然)是正確答案。

2. What is the author's attitude towards the environmental effects of pesticides?

A. Pessimistic.

B. Indifferent.

C. Defensive.

D. Concerned.

答案：D。觀點題。本文就作者對殺蟲劑的環(huán)境后果的態(tài)度提問。縱觀全文可知，作者在文中一一描述了殺蟲劑明顯和潛在的兩方面危險，提醒人們重視其緩慢的長期效應，可見作者對這一問題是“關切的”D)項)，而非是“漠不關心的”B)項)。同時，作者在文中并未悲天憫人，認為殺蟲劑的危害已不可救藥，所以A)項“悲觀的”也不符合題意。而C)項“防御性的”，在文中并無根據(jù)，因為在文中作者并未提出該怎樣解決殺蟲劑的環(huán)境后果問題，因此只有D)是最符合題意的正確答案。

3. In the author's view, the sudden death caused by exposure to large amounts of pesticides _____.

A. is not the worst of the negative consequences resulting from the use of pesticides

B. now occurs most frequently among all accidental deaths

C. has sharply increased so as to become the center of public attention

D. is unavoidable because people can't do without pesticides in farming

答案：A。推斷題。本題的答案主要見于第二段。從"But this is not the major problem".(但這并不是主要問題)及"..., we must be more concerned with the delayed effects...，(我們必須更關切由于小劑量地吸收無形中污染了我們世界的殺蟲劑而造成的延遲的后果)”我們可從中推斷出作者認為“由于大劑量吸入殺蟲劑而突然致死”還不是最糟糕的情況，故A)是正確的。而B)、C)、D)項的內容在文中均未提及，所以無法判斷是否是作者的觀點，因而不能入選正確答案。

4. People tend to ignore the delayed effects of exposure to chemicals because _____.

A. limited exposure to them does little harm to people's health

B. the present is more important for them than the future

C. the danger does not become apparent immediately

D. humans are capable of withstanding small amounts of poisoning

答案：C。推斷題。本題可用篩選法，一一排除錯誤答案。人們容易忽視吸入有毒化學物質所帶來的延遲后果，到底是因為什么呢?先看A)：有限的吸收不會給人類健康帶來危害。根據(jù)第三段內容可知，有毒化學物質的生物效果是累積的，而且累積越多，危險越大，因此，即使是有限的吸收，也會有潛伏的危險，可見A)項內容錯誤。同樣D)項“人類能經(jīng)受住小劑量有毒物質危害”顯然也不對。再看B)：現(xiàn)在比將來重要。根據(jù)最后一段第三句，人類的本性是會忽略將來的危險的，但這并不等于說現(xiàn)在就更重要，所以B)項也沒有正確解釋本題中的原因。只有C)項“危險并沒有立刻顯示出來”，符合原文意旨，特別是最后一句的句意，所以C)是正確答案。

5. It can be concluded from Dr.Dubos'remarks that _____.

A. people find invisible diseases difficult to deal with

B. attacks by hidden enemies tend to be fatal

C. diseases with obvious signs are easy to cure

D. people tend to overlook hidden dangers caused by pesticides

答案：D。推斷題。本題關鍵在于正確理解Dr.Dubos的評論。原句意為：人類很自然地最容易對那些具有征兆的疾病印象深刻，然而有些最致命的疾病卻是慢慢地毫無察覺地擊中他們的。據(jù)此句意，可以容易地推斷出D)為正確答案。

When a consumer finds that an item she or he bought is faulty or in some other way does not live up to the manufacturer's claim for it, the first step is to present the warranty(保單), or any other records which might help, at the store of purchase. In most cases, this action will produce results. However, if it does not, there are various means the consumer may use to gain satisfaction.

A simple and common method used by many consumers is to complain directly to the store manager. In general, the "higher up" the consumer takes his or her complaint, the faster he or she can expect it to be settled. In such a case, it is usually settled in the consumer's favour, assuming he or she has a just claim.

Consumers shoud complain in person whenever possible, but if they cannot get to the place of purchase, it is acceptable to phone or write the complaint in a letter.

Complaining is usually most effective when it is done politely but firmly, and especially when the consumer can demonstrate what is wrong with the item in question. If this cannot be done, the consumer will succeed best by presenting specific information as to what is wrong, rather than by making general statements. For example, "The left speaker does not work at all and the sound coming out of the right one is unclear" is better than "This stereo(立體聲音響)does not work."

The store manager may advise the consumer to write to the manufacturer. If so, the consumer should do this, stating the complaint as politely and as firmly as possible. But if a polite complaint does not achieve the desired result, the consumer can go a step further. She or he can threaten to take the seller to court or report the seller to a private or public organization responsible for protecting consumers‘rights.

6.When a consumer finds that his purchase has a fault in it, the first thing he should do is to _____.

A. complain personally to the manager

B. threaten to take the matter to court

C. write a firm letter of complaint to the store of purchase

D. show some written proof of the purchase to the store

答案：D

解析：答案D.本題答案在原文第一句中可以找到。它的大意是：當顧客發(fā)現(xiàn)他(她)所買的商品有毛病或在其他方面未達到制造商所聲稱的標準時，第一步就是將保單或其他有助于解決問題的記錄這家商店看。所以D“向這家商店出示書面證明”，與原文相符，是正確答案。而A“當面向經(jīng)理申訴”，是在第一步中問題得不到解決時才使用，所以它不是此題答案。B“威脅將此事向法庭上訴”是在經(jīng)理未能解決問題，寫信給廠家也未能解決問題時才使用的方法，所以它也不是解決問題的第一步。C“給商店寫一封態(tài)度強硬的抱怨信”也是在第一步中問題得不到解決時才使用的。所以A、B、C均不是正確答案。

7.If a consumer wants a quick settlement of his problem, it's better to complain to _____.

A. a shop assistant

B. the store manager

C. the manufacturer

D. a public organization

答案：B

解析：答案B.此題源于第二段。作者認為許多消費者使用的簡單而又常用的辦法是直接向商店經(jīng)理投訴。

8.The most effective complaint can be made by _____.

A. showing the faulty item to the manufacturer

B. explaining exactly what is wrong with the item

C. saying firmly that the item is of poor quality

D. asking politely to change the item

答案：B

解析：答案B.原文第四段的大意是：當顧客申訴商品有質量問題時，態(tài)度要堅定、有禮貌，特別是如果消費者當場演示就能最有效地達到申訴目的。不能當場演示時也要提出比較具體的質量間題。A、C、D三項都是泛泛地說質量差、有毛病，而沒能說出該商品哪一個具體的部位有毛病，所以都不是最有效的解決問題的辦法。而B項“準確解釋商品哪里有問題”與原文相符，是正確答案。

9.The phrase "live up to" (Para. 1, Line 2) in the context means _____.

A. meet the standard of

B. realize the purpose of

C. fulfil the demands of

D. keep the promise of

答案：A

解析：答案A.live up to所在句子的意思是：“當顧客發(fā)現(xiàn)他所購買的商品有毛病或在某種程度上沒有達到制造商所聲稱的標準時，…”。B項“實現(xiàn)(制造商所聲稱的)目的”，句意不通;C項“滿足(制造商所聲稱的)要求”;D項“履行(制造商所聲稱的)承諾”，C、D兩項均與原文意思不符。而A項“達到(制造商所聲稱的)標準”正是原文所表達的意思，所以是正確答案。

10.Tthe passage tells us _____.

A. how to settle a consumer's complaint about a faulty item

B. how to make an effective complaint about a faulty item

C. how to avoid buying a faulty item

D. how to deal with complaints from customers

答案：B

解析：答案B.從全文看，作者向讀者推薦了幾種申訴偽劣商品的辦法，可見作者是站在顧客的立場上的。而A、D兩項是站在賣方的立場;C項在文章中未提到，所以它們都不是正確答案。B項“如何有效地申訴有質量問題的商品”與原文意思相符是此題答案。

What is exactly a lie? Is it anything we say which we know is untrue? Or is it something more than that? For example, suppose a friend wants to borrow some money from you, you say: I wish I could help you but I'm short of money myself. In fact, you are not short of money, but your friend is in the habit of not paying his debts and you don't want to hurt his feelings by reminding him of this. Is this really a lie?

A scientific study of lying shows women are better liars than men, particularly when telling a "white lie" such as when a woman at a party tells another woman that she likes her dress when she really thinks it looks terrible. However, this is only one side of the story. Other researches show that men are more likely to tell more serious lies, such as making a promise which they have no intention of fulfilling. This is the kind of lie politicians and businessmen are supposed to be particularly skilled at: the lie from which the liar hopes to profit or gain in some way.

Research has also been done into the way people's behavior changes in a number of small, apparently unimportant ways when they lie. It has been found that if they are sitting down at the same time, they tend to move about in their chairs more than usual. To the trained observer they are saying I wish I were somewhere else now.

11. This passage tells us that _____.

A. telling lies is often necessary in order to avoid being defeated

B. telling lies is often bad because people ought not to be dishonest

C. telling lies is sometimes necessary in order not to hurt someone else's feelings

D. telling lies is not bad at all in most cases

答案： C

【解析】第一段作者舉的例子，可以得出C“有時為了不傷害其他人的感情說謊是必須的”正確。其它選項的信息在文中沒有明確出現(xiàn)。

12. In Paragraph 2, the sentence "Women are better liars than men do." probably means _____.

A. women are better at telling lies than men

B. women liars are better accepted than men

C. women have a better intention when telling lies

D. women tell fewer lies than men do

答案：C

【解析】從第二段作者舉例可知女人更愛說"white lie"，即善意的謊言，而男人更有可能說一些嚴重的謊話。所以C選項“女人說謊時有較好的意圖”符合原文。A選項說的太籠統(tǒng)，女人僅在說"white lie"時比男人擅長，而說"serious lie"則不及男人;B、D選項所給信息并未在文中出現(xiàn)。

13. A "white lie" means _____.

A. a lie that is completely unbelievable

B. a lie that is told with a good will

C. a lie that is always believable

D. a lie that often has an evil purpose

答案： B

【解析】"white lie"的意思是善意的謊言，從文中第二段女人說謊所舉的例子也可以推斷出B選項“帶有善意所說的謊”為正確答案。

14. Politicians and businessmen are supposed to be skilled at telling the kind of lies _____.

A. from which they may gain some advantages

B. that seems to be believable

C. that women are most likely to believe

D. with which they can have better relationship with others

答案：A

【解析】第二段最后一句“政治家和商人尤其擅長說這種謊話，即可從這些謊言中賺錢或獲利。”而A選項“他們或許可以從中贏得一些好處”與之相一致。

15. It can be concluded from the passage that _____.

A. there is a simple way of finding out if someone is lying

B. from some ways people behave we can know they are lying

C. certain emotions are proof of lying

D. in some situations women are most likely to think businessmen are dishonest

答案：B

【解析】第三段第一句“對人們行為舉止的研究表明：當人們說謊時，會以大量不起眼的、表面上不重要的方式改變自己的舉止”為主題句，文章所得出的結論為B選項“從人們的一些行為舉止，我們能夠知道他們在說謊”，與主題句相一致。

When a consumer finds that an item she or he bought is faulty or in some other way does not live up to the manufacturer's claim for it, the first step is to present the warranty(保單), or any other records which might help, at the store of purchase. In most cases, this action will produce results. However, if it does not, there are various means the consumer may use to gain satisfaction.

A simple and common method used by many consumers is to complain directly to the store manager. In general, the "higher up" the consumer takes his or her complaint, the faster he or she can expect it to be settled. In such a case, it is usually settled in the consumer's favour, assuming he or she has a just claim.

Consumers shoud complain in person whenever possible, but if they cannot get to the place of purchase, it is acceptable to phone or write the complaint in a letter.

Complaining is usually most effective when it is done politely but firmly, and especially when the consumer can demonstrate what is wrong with the item in question. If this cannot be done, the consumer will succeed best by presenting specific information as to what is wrong, rather than by making general statements. For example, "The left speaker does not work at all and the sound coming out of the right one is unclear" is better than "This stereo(立體聲音響)does not work."

The store manager may advise the consumer to write to the manufacturer. If so, the consumer should do this, stating the complaint as politely and as firmly as possible. But if a polite complaint does not achieve the desired result, the consumer can go a step further. She or he can threaten to take the seller to court or report the seller to a private or public organization responsible for protecting consumers’rights.

16.When a consumer finds that his purchase has a fault in it, the first thing he should do is to ______.

A. complain personally to the manager

B. threaten to take the matter to court

C. write a firm letter of complaint to the store of purchase

D. show some written proof of the purchase to the store

答案：D

17.If a consumer wants a quick settlement of his problem, it’s better to complain to ______.

A. a shop assistant

B. the store manager

C. the manufacturer

D. a public organization

答案：B

18. The most effective complaint can be made by ______.

A. showing the faulty item to the manufacturer

B. explaining exactly what is wrong with the item

C. saying firmly that the item is of poor quality

D. asking politely to change the item

答案：B

19. The phrase "live up to" (Para. 1, Line 2)in the context means ______.

A. meet the standard of

B. realize the purpose of

C. fulfil the demands of

D. keep the promise of

答案：A

20. Tthe passage tells us ______.

A. how to settle a consumer's complaint about a faulty item

B. how to make an effective complaint about a faulty item

C. how to avoid buying a faulty item

D. how to deal with complaints from customers

答案：B

二、詞匯和語法(21-30)

21.The firm will have to step _____ production if it is to defeat its competitors.

A. off

B. in

C. out

D. up

Best Answer: D

詳解：應選D項。

step up意為“提高，加快”;step off意為“開步走，步量(距離)”;step in意為“介入，干涉;參加進來(幫忙)”;step out意為“走出去”。

22.The current political _____ of our country is favorable for foreign investments.

A. climate

B. weather

C. temperature

D. state

Best Answer: A

詳解：應選A項。climate(可數(shù)名詞)意為“(一個地區(qū)或一個時期總的)氣候”;weather意為“(指每日每時的晴陰，溫度)天氣”;state意為“狀況，狀態(tài)”。

23.Faced with rapid inflation and _____ international and home markets, many firms have declared bankrupt.

A. lessening

B. shortening

C. shrinking

D. withdrawing

答案：C)

考查近義動詞的語義辨析。各選項的意思及用法分別是：選項A)lessening減少，減輕，側重指程度、重要性等的減輕。如：The defeat lessened our chances of winning the championship. 此次失敗使我們奪冠的希望變得更加渺茫。lessen the burden of減輕負擔;選項B)shortening縮短，變短，如The days are beginning to shorten. 天開始變短了。shorten the gap between 縮小……之間的差距;選項C)shrinking 使收縮，縮小，減少，側重指尺寸、大小等的變小。如：The number of students attending the lecture has shrunk. 聽講座的學生人數(shù)減少了。Will this soap shrink woolen clothes? 這種肥皂會使羊毛衣服縮水嗎?選項D)withdrawing收回，撤退，撤銷，如：After awhile, he withdrew his proposal. 過了一會兒，他撤回了他的提議。根據(jù)題意可判斷出選項C)應為正確答案。全句意思是“面對通貨膨脹和日益縮小的國際國內市場，許多公司都已宜布破產(chǎn)”。

24.We'd better eliminate junk foods from our kitchen and keep a variety of high-quality foods _____ at all times.

A. available

B. desirable

C. enormous

D. numerous

答案：A)考查形容詞語義環(huán)境。四個選項的意思分別是：選項A)available現(xiàn)成可使用的，在手邊的，可利用的;選項B)desirable稱心如意的，值得有的，如I envy Jane because her job is so desirable. 我很羨慕簡，因為她有一份很稱心的工作。選項C)enormous巨大的，極大的，龐大的;選項D)numerous許多的，很多的，如：This is a conclusion he has drawn from numerous facts. 這是他從很多事實當中得出的結論。根據(jù)題干可判斷出選項A)應為正確答案。全句的意思為“我們應清除廚房里的垃圾食品，而使各種高質量的食物隨手可及”。

25.Some concepts may be difficult to grasp chiefly because they may be unfamiliar or _____ ideas, opinions which we already hold.

A. in accordance with

B. in conflict with

C. in favor of

D. in response to

答案：B)

考查介詞短語的語義。四個選項的意思分別是：選項A)in accordance with依照，根據(jù);選項B)in conflict with與……相沖突;選項C)in favor of支持，贊同;選項D)in response to作為對……的反應。根據(jù)題意可判斷出選項B)為正確答案。全句的意思為“一些觀念很難讓人領會主要是因為我們對其不熟悉或者是因為與我們原有的觀點相矛盾”。

26.The city government has determined to get _____ with people who try to escape paying taxes.

A. rough

B. tough

C. rigid

D. bold

答案：B)?？疾樾稳菰~語義及搭配。能與介詞with搭配的只有選項B)tough，get tough with/on sb.意為“對……采取堅決態(tài)度;對……采用強硬手段”。其余選項的意思分別是：選項A)rough意為“粗糙的;粗野的，粗暴的;粗略的，大致的”;選項C)rigid(行為觀點等)嚴格的，死板的，不易改變的;選項D)bold意為“勇敢的，無畏的;冒失的，魯莽的”。全句的意思是“政府部門決心采取強硬手段來懲治偷稅人員”。

27.As a result of careless washing, the jacket _____ to a child's size.

A.compressed

B.shrank

C.dropped

D.decreased

答案：C. 這是一道近義詞辨析題。compress意為“壓縮(便于置于小的空間)”;shrink意為“(使)收縮、(使)縮(指布漫濕之后收縮)，(e.g.)Those jeans will shrink in the wash…drop意為“滴下、落下”;decrease意為“減少、減小”。

28.You have nothing to _____ by refusing to listen to our advice.

A.gain

B.grasp

C.seize

D.earn

答案：A. 詞匯測試題。gain，意為“獲得，贏得”;seize，意為“抓住、捉住”;grasp，意為“掌握、理解、抓緊”;earn，意為“賺得，拿得”。

29.A _____ to this problem is expected to be found before long.

A.result

B.response

C.settlement

D.solution

答案：D. 詞匯考查題。result(n.)意為“結果，效果，成績等”;response意為“回答，反應”;settlement意為“(問題的)解答，解決方式或方法”。

30.The newcomers found it impossible to _____ themselves to the climate sufficiently to make permanent homes in the new country.

A.suit

B.adapt

C.regulate

D.coordinate

答案：B. 本題是一道詞匯考查題。suit意為“使?jié)M意，適應”，(e.g.)，Does the climate suit you? adapt 意為“使適應，改編，改寫”，(e.g.)you must adapt yourself to new condition. regulate意為“調節(jié)，標準(儀器，機械)”;coordinate意為“調和，協(xié)調”。

三、完型填空(31-40)

Perhaps more than anything else, scientists are eager to find out if Martian life existed in the past-or still exists. ___31___ telescopes first zoomed in ___32___ Mars in the 17th century, people have conjured up a wild ___33___ of images or what Martians might look like. But space probes like the 1997 Sojourner land rover have yielded no evidence of such alien beings.

Most experts agree that if life did at one time evolve on Mars, finding evidence of that life-which would likely take the form of tiny organisms-won't be easy. ___34___, many scientists are optimistic. "We've got organisms on Earth that adapted to life deep ___35___ the surface in underground water wells,"says Stephen Clifford. "___36___ life like that evolved on Mars four billion years ago, there's no reason why it ___37___ today."

___38__ last year's disappointing losses, the future of Martian exploration looks ___39__. This year, two major films about fictitious Mars missions-Red Planet and Missions to Mars-are certain to heighten interest in our planetary neighbour. More important, plans for new sets of NASA orbiters and landers-one to launch in 2001, the other in 2003-are already in the works. Without a doubt, each new mission will inch scientists closer to ___40___ the mysteries of planet Mars.

31.請選擇最佳答案填入( )。

A. When

B. Before

C. Ever since

D. Ever

答案：C

解析：本文第一句點明了全文中心思想：科學家們正渴望發(fā)現(xiàn)火星生命是否過去存在過或現(xiàn)在仍然存在。第二句為主從復合句，主句的時態(tài)為現(xiàn)在完成時，那么引導時間狀語從句的連詞必然是since，為加強語氣可用選項C中的Ever since.

32. 請選擇最佳答案填入( )。

A. in

B. on

C. in the

D. on the

答案：B

解析：本題的難點在于辨別出短語動詞zoomed in的意思是“(鏡頭)拉近，推近”，如：The TV camera zoomed in on the child's face. 電視攝像機向孩子的臉部推近。on Mars 是固定搭配，Mars前面不加the，且下文有反復出現(xiàn)。

33. 請選擇最佳答案填入( )。

A. varying

B. various

C. plenty

D. variety

答案：D

解析：本句的大意是：人們想象出火星的各種各樣的雜亂形象...a variety of 是固定搭配，plenty of 也含有 “許多”的意思，但前面沒有不定冠詞a.

34. 請選擇最佳答案填入( )。

A. Still

B. Even if

C. Though

D. Although

答案：A

解析：前句談到了大部分老師認為火星上曾經(jīng)有生命，但找到有生命的證據(jù)不是容易的。本句接著講許多科學家仍很樂觀，可以從句意和語法兩方面推理，副詞still為正確答案。

35. 請選擇最佳答案填入( )。

A. up

B. under

C. below

D. above

答案：C

解析：本句的大意是：我們在地下水井中找到適合生活在很深的地表下面的微生物。按邏輯推理可選擇under 或below，但under指在某物的正下方，含垂直在下的意思，而below指在某物下面，但不一定在正下方，范圍較寬，所以選項C為正確答案。

36.請選擇最佳答案填入( )。

A. When

B. What

C. That

D. If

答案：D

解析：本句的大意是：如果在億萬年前火星上存在有這樣的生命，就沒有理由說今天不會存在這樣的生命。從意義和句法結構來判斷，選項D的if為正確答案。

37. 請選擇最佳答案填入( )。

A. wouldn't exist

B. wouldn't have existed

C. doesn't exist

D. has existed

答案：A

解析：通過上題可知道本句是表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反的非真實條件句，主句的謂語動詞形式為：would + 動詞原形，因此選項A為正確答案。

38. 請選擇最佳答案填入( )。

A. Even if

B. Despite

C. Although

D. However

答案：B

解析：本句的大意是：盡管去年有令人失望的損失，但火星探測的前景看來是有希望的。Even if與Although需連接從句，Despite后可跟名詞或短語。通過意義和邏輯推理，可選擇Despite(盡管)為正確答案。

39. 請選擇最佳答案填入( )。

A. promised

B. being promised

C. promising

D. to be promised

答案：C

解析：本句中謂語動詞looks為連系動詞，后面應跟形容詞做表語，只有promising(有希望的)既滿足意義的要求，又符合謂語動詞的構成。

40. 請選擇最佳答案填入( )。

A. understand

B. understanding

C. be understood

D. the understanding

答案：B

解析：本句的大意是：毫無疑問，每一項新的任務都會使科學家逐步接近了解火星的秘密。句中的to為介詞，后面應接動名詞understanding.

四、翻譯(41-45)

41.One of the oldest, and let's face it, most bizarre sports from Britain is golf. Originating from Scotland in the 15th century, the game involves whacking a small white ball around a large field and trying to make it land in a series of eighteen tiny holes in the ground. At first, the game was only fully understood by middle-aged men, who spend considerable time at the nineteenth hole — the clubhouse bar.

譯文：

高爾夫是一項歷史悠久的運動，也是起源于英國的一項極為奇特的運動。15世紀，高爾夫開始出現(xiàn)在蘇格蘭。這項運動要求在一片寬闊的草地上，用球桿將一個白色的小球打進18個小洞。最初，喜歡高爾夫的一般都是中年男性，他們打球的目的更 多是在俱樂部的第19個洞——酒吧里消磨時間。

42.They know that a seal swimming under the ice will keep a breathing hole open by its warm breath, so they will wait beside the hole and kill it.

譯文：

他們知道在冰面下面游泳的海豹呼吸的熱氣會使冰面上出現(xiàn)洞口，于是他們就在洞旁守侯并捕殺海豹。

43.We may be able to decide whether someone is white only by seeing if they have none of the features that would mark them clearly as a member of another race.

譯文：

只要一個人沒有屬于其他人種的明顯的特征，我們就可以判斷他是否屬于白色人種。

44.Although signs of dishonesty in school, business and government seem much more numerous in years than in the past, could it be that we are getting better at revealing such dishonesty?

譯文：

盡管在學校，企業(yè)和政府中不誠實的欺詐行為近年來比以往都要多，大那也許是因為我們在這些方面加大了揭露的力度。

45.Mathematicians who have tried to use the computers to copy the way the brain works have found that even using the latest electronic equipment they would have to build a computer which weighed over 10,000 kilos.

譯文：

使用計算機來拷貝大腦工作方式的數(shù)學家們發(fā)現(xiàn)即使使用最先進的電子設備，他們也要建造一臺超過10，000公斤的計算機。

五、寫作(46)

46.For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to wite a composition of no less than 120 words on the topic Why We Work.Your composition should be based on the following outline given in English.

1.Some people live to work.

2.Other people work to live.

3.Your opinion.

答案：Why We Work

When we live in the world，weall work for some reasons or other. Different people have different attitudestowards work. Some people live to work. They devote themselves to their work. Theaim for which they work is to realize the value of life，to promote the developmentof society and to make more people live a happy life.They make great contributions to society and at the same time they also find pleasure in their work.

On the other hand，other peoplework to live. They regard work as a way of making a living. The purpose for which they work is to kill time or to make enoughmoney to support themselves and their families. Theyoften regard work as what they have to do. So they can‘tobtain pleasure and enjoyment from their work. Such people，once they can afford to support themselves and their families，perhaps quit their work.

In my opinion，we shouldn‘t goto extremes. Since we are members of society，we should do what we can to betterthe society so that we can live in a more comfortable and more convenientsurrounding. Good life is an assurance of smooth work. Only when we realize this can we live happily and work well.

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