成人英語(yǔ)三級(jí)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)大全十二

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成人英語(yǔ)三級(jí)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)大全十二

狀語(yǔ)從句

1.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句：.

在時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中，要注意時(shí)態(tài)一致，一般情況下主句是將來(lái)時(shí)的時(shí)候，從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。

As / When I came home, I met an old schoolmate of mine.

我回家的時(shí)候遇到了我的一位老同學(xué)。

I’ll ring you up as soon as I get an answer from him.我一有他的答復(fù)就給你打電話。 Once you see him, you will never forget him. 你一旦見(jiàn)過(guò)他，就不會(huì)忘了他的。

Whenever we met with difficulties, they came to help us.

每當(dāng)我們遇上困難的時(shí)候，他們就來(lái)幫我們。

Each time he came to town he would visit our school.

他每次進(jìn)城，總要來(lái)看看我們的學(xué)校。

Every time I went to his house, he was out.我每次去他家，他都出去了。

It is just a week since we arrived here.(It is /was… since…是常用句型)

我們到這兒剛剛一星期。(主句的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)持續(xù)時(shí)間較短，不能用ever since)

Things went well until / till one night an accident happened.

事情一切正常，直到有一天晚上發(fā)生了意外。

1. 地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句.

地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句是由where(在……的地方), wherever(無(wú)論哪里)引導(dǎo)的：

Wuhan lies where the Yangtze and the Han River meet.武漢位于長(zhǎng)江和漢水匯合處。

Where there is a will, there is a way.有志者，事竟成。

You’d better make a mark where you have any questions.

(這里where引導(dǎo)的從句不是定語(yǔ)從句) 哪兒有問(wèn)題，你最好在哪兒做個(gè)記號(hào)。

He would keep in touch with us wherever he was .

他無(wú)論在什么地方，總與我們保持聯(lián)系。

3. 原因狀語(yǔ)從句.

表示原因的狀語(yǔ)從句可以由as(由于), because(因?yàn)?, since(既然), now (that) (既然), considering that(顧及到), seeing that(由于)等連詞引導(dǎo)：

I do it because I like it.因?yàn)槲蚁矚g我才干。(because不能與 so連用)

Seeing (that) quite a few people were absent, we decided to put the meeting off.

由于好些人都沒(méi)到會(huì)，我們決定延期開(kāi)會(huì)。

Now that/Since you are all here, let’s try and reach a decision.

既然大家都來(lái)了，咱們就設(shè)法做出一個(gè)決定吧。

As she was ill, she didn’t come to the party.由于病了，她沒(méi)來(lái)參加晚會(huì)。 Considering that they are just beginners, they are doing quite a good job.

考慮到他們才剛剛學(xué)做，他們干得算很不錯(cuò)的了。

1. 目的狀語(yǔ)從句.

引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句的主要連詞有:that, so that(以便), in order that(為了), for fear that(以便), in case(萬(wàn)一)等，從句中常常使用一些情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，如：can, could, may, might, should等。如：

Let’s take the front seats (so) that we may see more clearly.

我們坐前排吧，這樣我們看得更清楚些。

School was closed early in order that the children might go home ahead of the storm.早點(diǎn)兒放學(xué)是為了讓孩子們?cè)诒╋L(fēng)雨到來(lái)之前回家。

He took the name down for fear that he should forget it.他把名字寫下省得忘了。

(該從句中一般用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should+動(dòng)詞原形，或省略should) Better take more clothes in case the weather is cold.最好多帶些衣服以防天氣會(huì)冷。

5.結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句.

引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞有：so that(從句中不帶情態(tài)動(dòng)詞), so…that(如此……以致……), such…that(如此……以致……)等。

He didn’t plan his time well, so that/so he didn’t finish the work in time.

他沒(méi)把時(shí)間計(jì)劃好，結(jié)果沒(méi)按時(shí)完成這項(xiàng)工作。

We left in such a hurry that we forgot to lock the door.

我們走得匆忙，把門都忘了鎖了。(such是形容詞，后接名詞)

The village is so small that it cannot be shown in the map.

這村子太小，所以這地圖上沒(méi)有。(so是副詞，后接形容詞或副詞)

Jenny is such a clever girl that all the teachers like her very much = Jenny is so clever a girl that….Jenny是如此聰明的女孩，以至老師們都非常喜歡她。

但是，當(dāng)名詞前有many, much, few, little(少)修飾時(shí)，要用so,不能用such。例如： I have had so many falls that I am black and blue all over.

我摔了許多跤，以至于渾身青一塊，紫一塊。

He has so few friends that he often feels lonely.他朋友很少，所以經(jīng)常感到孤獨(dú)。

I had so little money then that I couldn’t afford a little present.

我當(dāng)時(shí)囊中羞澀，連一份小小禮物都買不起。

6. 條件狀語(yǔ)從句.

表示條件的狀語(yǔ)從句可以由if(如果), unless(除非), in case(萬(wàn)一), so /as long as(只要), as/ so far as(就……而言), on condition that(條件是……), suppose(假設(shè)), supposing(假設(shè))(僅用在問(wèn)句中)等詞或詞組引導(dǎo)。一般情況下當(dāng)主句是將來(lái)時(shí)的時(shí)候，從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。

As/So long as we don’t lose heart, we’ll find a way to overcome the difficulty.

只要我們不灰心，我們就能找到克服困難的方法。

Send us a message in case you have any difficulty.

萬(wàn)一有什么困難，請(qǐng)給我們一個(gè)信。

If you leave at 6 o’clock tomorrow morning, you’d better get to bed now.

如果你明早6點(diǎn)鐘走，你最好現(xiàn)在就上床。

We’ll let you use the room on condition that you keep it clean and tidy.

只要你能保持整潔，我們可以讓你使用這個(gè)房間。

As/So far as I know, he is an expert on DNA.據(jù)我所知，他是一個(gè)DNA老師。

He’ll accept the job unless the salary is too low/ if the salary is not too low.

他會(huì)接受這項(xiàng)工作的，除非薪水太少/如果薪水不太少的話。

Suppose/Supposing we can’t get enough food, what shall we do?

假設(shè)我們弄不到足夠的食物，那我們?cè)趺崔k?

7. 方式狀語(yǔ)從句.

方式狀語(yǔ)從句常由as(與……一樣), as if(仿佛), as though(仿佛)等詞引導(dǎo)： Do in Rome as the Romans do.入鄉(xiāng)隨俗。

Leave things as they are.讓一切順其自然。

She stood at the door as if (=as though) she were waiting for someone.

她站在門口，仿佛在等人似的。(由as if或 as though引導(dǎo)的從句中可用虛擬語(yǔ)氣)

8. 比較狀語(yǔ)從句.

比較狀語(yǔ)從句常由than(比), as(與……一樣)等詞引導(dǎo)：

It rains more often in Shanghai than in Beijing.上海下的雨比北京的多。

Our country is as big as the whole of Europe.我們的國(guó)家同整個(gè)歐洲一樣大。

The result was not as/so good as I had expected.結(jié)果不如我預(yù)料的那么好。

The busier he is, the happier he feels.(常見(jiàn)句型)他越忙越開(kāi)心。

9. 讓步狀語(yǔ)從句. 讓步狀語(yǔ)從句由although(盡管), though(盡管), however(無(wú)論怎樣), whatever(無(wú)論什么), whoever(無(wú)論誰(shuí)), whomever(無(wú)論誰(shuí)), whichever(無(wú)論哪個(gè)), whenever(無(wú)論何時(shí)), wherever(無(wú)論哪里), whether(是否), no matter (who, what, where, when, etc) (無(wú)論……), even if(即使), even though(即使)等詞引導(dǎo)。如：

We won’t be discouraged even if(=even though) we fail ten times.

我們就是失敗十次也不泄氣。

It was an exciting game, though / although no goals were scored.

那是一場(chǎng)精彩的球賽，盡管一個(gè)球都沒(méi)進(jìn)。(though, although不能與 but連用) Whether you believe it or not, it’s true.不管你信不信，這是真的。

However (=No matter how) expensive it may be, I’ll take it.

無(wú)論它有多貴，我也要買下它。

Don’t let them in, whoever(=no matter who) they are.不管他們是誰(shuí)，別讓他們進(jìn)來(lái)。 No matter what I say or how I say it, he always thinks I’m wrong.

無(wú)論我說(shuō)什么或怎么說(shuō)，他總認(rèn)為是我錯(cuò)。 連詞as也可以引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，但從句中要用特殊語(yǔ)序。如：

Young as he is, he knows a lot=Though he is young 或Young though he is, he…. 他雖然年輕，但懂得很多。

難點(diǎn)釋疑：

1.當(dāng)hardly, scarcely, no sooner位于引起的句子的開(kāi)頭時(shí)，常用倒裝語(yǔ)序。

No sooner had he arrived there than he fell ill. Hardly had he finished when someone rose to refute his points. Scarcely had she fallen asleep when a knock at the door awakened her. 這三組關(guān)聯(lián)詞引起的句子中，前面常用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，后面用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。

2.if和unless的用法

一般情況下，unless相當(dāng)于if…not，可以互換。如：

I won’t let you in unless you show me your pass = I won’t let you in if you don’t show me your pass.如果你不出示通行證，我就不讓你進(jìn)來(lái)。

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