2014年職稱英語考試試題綜合類閱讀理解練習(xí)29

　　Fruit and Vegetable Juices　as Beneficial to Health as Fruits and Veggies

　　A European study has revealed that 100 percent fruit and vegetable juices are as effective as their whole fruit/vegetable counterparts in reducing risk factors related to certain diseases. The conclusion is the result of the study designed to question traditional thinking that 100 percent juices play a less significant role in reducing risk for both cancer and cardiovascular disease than whole fruits and vegetables.

　　Juices are comparable in their ability to reduce risk compared to2 their whole fruit/vegetable counterparts, according to several researchers in the United Kingdom who conducted the literature review. The researchers analyzed a variety of studies that looked at risk reduction attributed to3 the effects of both fiber and antioxidants. As a result, they determined that the positive impact fruits and vegetables offer come not from just the fiber but also from antioxidants which are present in both juice and the whole fruits and vegetables.4

　　"When considering cancer and coronary heart disease5 prevention, there is no evidence that pure fruit and vegetable juices are less beneficial than whole fruit and vegetables，” the researchers said. The researchers added that the positioning of juices as being nutritionally inferior to6 whole fruits and vegetables in relationship to chronic disease development is “ unjustified ” and that policies，which suggest otherwise about fruit and vegetable juices，should be re-examined.

　　The researchers who authored the paper suggest that more studies in certain area are needed to bolster their findings. “ Although this independent review of the literature is not designed to focus on any particular 100 percent juice，it does go a long way7 in demonstrating that fruit and vegetable juices do play an important role in reducing the risk of various diseases，especially cancer and cardiovascular disease，” said Sue Taylor. Her opinion is in agreement with8 the Juice Products

　　Association，a non-profit organization not associated with this research. She added that appropriate amounts of juices should be included in the diet of both children and adults，following guidelines established by leading health authorities. Taylor also points to a large epidemiological study, published in the September 2006 issue of the Journal of Medicine，which found that consumption of a variety of 100 percent fruit and vegetable juices was associated with a reduced risk for Alzheimer's disease10.

　　In fact, that study found that individuals who drank three or more servings of fruit and vegetable juices per week had a 76 percent lower risk of developing Alzheimer's disease than those who drank juice less than once per week. The study was published in the International Journal of Food Science and Nutrition11 (2006)

　　詞匯：

　　counterpart/5kauntEpB:t]/n.對應(yīng)的人或物

　　cardiovascular/7kB:diEu5vAskjulE/adj.心臟血管的

　　comparable/5kCmpErEbl/adj.(～to/with)可與……相比的，比得上……的

　　fiber/5faibE/(=fibre)n.纖維

　　antioxidant/5Anti5CksidEnt/(=antioxygen)n.抗氧化劑

　　coronary/5kCrEnEri/adj.冠狀的

　　position/pE5ziFEn/n.位置w/，安排，安置;定位

　　nutritionally/njo'tmtonah/adv.營養(yǎng)上

　　inferior/in5fiEriE/adj.低等的，劣等的;次的

　　bolster/5bEulstE/v.支持，支撐

　　non-profit/adj.不營利的，非營利性的

　　epidemiologic/adj流行病學(xué)的

　　serving/5sE:viN/n..一份飯菜

　　注釋：

　　1.veggle(=veggy) (單復(fù)數(shù)相同)也指“蔬菜”。

　　2.Compared to：如果與……比較起來的話。這是一個過去分詞短語，作條件狀語。另外，美國英語中compare to也有compare with的意思。

　　3.attributed to：被認為是……的結(jié)果。此過去分詞短語是risk reduction的定語。attribute sth.to…：把……歸因于……，認為……是……的結(jié)果。

　　4.As a result，they determined that the positive impact fruits and vegetables offer come not from just the fiber but also from antioxidants which are present in both juice and the whole fruits and vegetables.他們斷定，水果和蔬菜所起的積極作用不僅來自纖維，而且也來自抗氧化劑，而無論水果還是蔬菜，其全果和汁液都含有這兩種物質(zhì)。這里要注意的是在語法結(jié)構(gòu)上，fruits and vegetables offer是positive impact的定語從句，省略了關(guān)系代詞 that。

　　5.coronary heart disease(CHD)：冠狀動脈性心臟病(冠心病)。但要注意，CHD也可指先天性心臟病(congenital heart disease)。

　　6.inferior to：低于……的，次于……的，不如……的

　　7.it does go a long way：它的確對……有很大幫助。go a long/good way：大有幫助，很有效。

　　此處does是起強調(diào)作用的助動詞，接下來的do play an important role中的do也是這樣。

　　8.in agreement with：與……一致

　　9.Julce Products Association：果汁產(chǎn)品協(xié)會

　　10.Alzheimer’s(/raelt shaimaz/)disease(據(jù)德國醫(yī)生Alois Alzheimer的姓命名)：阿爾茨海默病，早老性癡呆

　　11.International Journal of Food Science and Nutrition：《國際食品科學(xué)與營養(yǎng)雜志》

　　練習(xí):

　　1. What on earth in both fruits and vegetables and their juices plays the most important role in reducing risk for diseases?

　　A Proteins.

　　B Vitamins.

　　C Carbohydrates.

　　D Fiber and antioxidant.

　　2. The judgment that fruit and vegetable juices are lels beneficial to reducing chronic disease development is______.

　　A evident

　　B obvious

　　C incorrect

　　D conclusive

　　3. The review of the literature has documented the important role of fruit and vegetable juices in reducing the risk of various disease, ______in particular.

　　A lung problems

　　B cancer and cardiovascular disease

　　C stomach and intestine disorders

　　D ear, nose and throat troubles

　　4. A large epidemiological study also found that using various 100K fruit and vegetable juices contributed to a reduced risk for______.

　　A Alzheimer’s disease

　　B inherited disease

　　C infectious disease

　　D blood-transmitted disease

　　5. People who drink 3～4 servings of fruit and vegetable juices weekly may______risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease______those who drink only once a week.

　　A have twenty-three percent higher, than

　　B have three quarters lower, than

　　C be one hundred and twenty-three percent as high, as

　　D be one hundred and seventy-six percent as high, as

　　答案與題解：

　　1.D第二i第二句及第三句說到，降低患病危險性的作用應(yīng)該歸功于果汁和全果均含有的纖 維和抗氧化劑。其他A、B、C三個選項文章均未提及。

　　2. C第三段第二句說到，在與慢性病的發(fā)生的關(guān)系方面，認為果汁不如全果有營養(yǎng)的觀點是 unjustified (“不正當(dāng)?shù)摹?，也就是“不正確”(incorrect)。

　　3.B第四段第二句說到，果汁在降低患各種疾病中的確起著重要作用，尤其是癌癥和心血管 疾病。這里in particular正是especially的意思。

　　4.A第四段最后一句說到，飲用果汁也與降低患阿爾茨海默病的危險性有關(guān)。

　　5.B第五段第一句說到，每周喝3?4份果汁的人與每周只喝一次以下的人相比，其患阿爾茨 海默病的危險性下降了 76%，76%就是3/4，因此B項是正確答案。A項是高出23%，C項 是每周喝一次的人的123% ,D項是每周喝一次的人的176%，均不正確。