2014年職稱英語(yǔ)考試衛(wèi)生類閱讀理解練習(xí)3

　　Young Smokers

　　It has been shown that children who smoke have certain characteristics. Compared with non-smokers they are more rebellious, their work deteriorates as they move up school, they are more likely to leave school early, and are more often delinquent and sexually precocious. Many of these features can be summarized as anticipation of adulthood.

　　There are a number of factors which determine the onset of smoking, and these are largely psychological and social. They include availability of cigarettes, curiosity, rebelliousness, appearing tough, anticipation of adulthood, social confidence, the example of parents and teachers, and smoking by friends and older brothers and sisters.

　　It should be much easier to prevent children from starting to smoke than to persuade adults to give up the habit once established, but in fact this has proved very difficult. The example set by people in authority, especially parents, health care workers, and teachers, is of prime importance. School rules should forbid smoking by children on the premises. This rule has been introduced at Summerhill School where I spent my schooldays.

　　There is, however, a risk of children smoking just to rebel against the rules, and even in those schools which have tried to enforce no smoking by corporal punishment there is as much smoking as in other schools. Nevertheless, banning smoking is probably on balance beneficial. Teachers too should not smoke on school premises, at least not in front of children.

　　31.In this passage the author puts an emphasis on

　　A.the consequence of smoking among children.

　　B.the difficulty in prohibiting children from smoking.

　　C.the causes of smoking among children.

　　D.the solution to ban smoking among children

　　正確答案:B

　　解析:問(wèn)題問(wèn)的是：這篇文章中，作者重點(diǎn)關(guān)注的是什么?通讀全文可知答案為B。

　　32.Which of the following is a common characteristic of young smokers

　　A.Disobedience.

　　B.Laziness.

　　C.Abstinence.

　　D.Vanity.

　　正確答案:A

　　解析:問(wèn)題問(wèn)的是：吸煙的少年具備以下哪種常見特征?從第一段 “they are more rebellious，their work deteriorates as they move up school，they are more likely to leave school early，and are more often delinquent and sexually precocious"可知吸煙兒童更反叛。因此，A為正確答案。

　　33.Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage

　　A.Some children start to smoke out of curiosity and vanity.

　　B.Many children start to smoke because they want to appear mature.

　　C.In order to have fewer children smokers, parents, teachers and health care workers should set examples.

　　D.It is not as difficult to prevent children from starting to smoke as to dissuade adults from smoking..

　　正確答案:D

　　解析:問(wèn)題問(wèn)的是：以下哪種說(shuō)法是錯(cuò)誤的?第三段“It should be much easier to prevent children from starting to smoke than to persuade adults to give up the habit once established，but in fact this has proved very difficult"可知阻止孩子開始抽煙本應(yīng)該比勸服有抽煙習(xí)慣的成年人戒煙要更簡(jiǎn)單，但事實(shí)上卻正好相反。而D項(xiàng)的意思正好相反，故D為正確答案。

　　34.The writer concludes that school rules to forbid smoking

　　A.hould be introduced, for it really works at the school.

　　B.should not be introduced, for it may cause disturbance.

　　C.should be introduced though it may not work effectively.

　　D.needn' t be introduced as long as teachers don' t smoke.

　　正確答案:C

　　解析:問(wèn)題問(wèn)的是：關(guān)于建立校規(guī)禁止吸煙的做法，作者得出怎樣的結(jié)論?在第三段的最后兩句和最后一段可知盡管校規(guī)對(duì)禁止兒童吸煙不完全有效，但有校規(guī)要比沒(méi)有更好。因此C為正確答案。

　　35.The author's attitude towards his writing is

　　A.Objective.

　　B.Emotional.

　　C.Critical.

　　D.Indifferent.

　　正確答案:A

　　解析:問(wèn)題問(wèn)的是：作者在文章中透露出怎樣的看法?作者的態(tài)度是客觀的。