2014年職稱(chēng)英語(yǔ)(理工類(lèi))教材補(bǔ)全短文文章及譯文1

　　Mobile Phones

　　Mobile phones should carry a label if they proved1 to be a dangerous source of radiation, according to Robert Bell, a scientist. And no more mobile phone transmitter towers should be built until the long-term health effects of the electromagnetic radiation they emit are scientifically evaluated, he said. “Nobody’s going to drop dead overnight2 but we should be asking for more scientific information，” Robert Bell said at a conference on the health effects of low-level radiation. ____1____

　　A report widely circulated among the public says that up to now scientists do not really know enough to guarantee there are no ill-effects on humans from electromagnetic radiation. According to Robert Bell, there are 3. 3 million mobile phones in Australia alone and they are increasing by 2,000 a day3. ____2____

　　As well, there are 2,000 transmitter towers around Australia, many in high density residential areas5. ____3____The electromagnetic radiation emitted from these towers may have already produced some harmful effects on the health of the residents nearby.

　　Robert Bell suggests that until more research is completed the Government should ban construction of phone towers from within a 500 metre radius of school grounds, child care centres, hospitals, sports playing fields and residential areas with a high percentage of children. ____4____ He adds that there is also evidence that if cancer sufferers are subjected to electromagnetic waves the growth rate of the disease accelerates.

　　____5____ According to Robert Bell, it is reasonable for the major telephone companies to fund it. Besides, he also urges the Government to set up a wide-ranging inquiry into possible health effects.

　　注釋?zhuān)?/P>

　　1.動(dòng)詞prove用的是過(guò)去式形式proved,這是一種虛擬語(yǔ)氣表示假設(shè)的用法。

　　2.Nobody’s going to drop dead overnight ... 沒(méi)有人會(huì)在一個(gè)晚上倒地死去……”overnight是副詞，意為“一夜間;一下子;整夜”。如：This stadium was not built overnight.這個(gè)體育場(chǎng)不是一下子建起來(lái)的。On his way to Europe, John stayed with his parents in Chicago overnight.在去歐洲的途中，約翰在芝加哥他父母那兒待了一個(gè)晚上。

　　3.介詞by表示“以……(的速度增加)”。

　　4.介詞by表示“到……前”。如：By Thursday morning you should complete writing the experiment report.到周四上午你應(yīng)該寫(xiě)完實(shí)驗(yàn)報(bào)告。the year 2000：公元2000年

　　5.many in high density residential areas是獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。注意它省略了being，即many(being)in high density residential areas0此夕卜，many指的是many transmitter towers。

　　6.vat a rate more than three times that of adults可以理解為at a rate(that is)more than three times that of adults，意為“以比成人多兩倍的比率”短語(yǔ)中的that指代rate。倍數(shù)的表達(dá)法是：“數(shù)字+times+名詞/that”。如：His salary is three times that of mine.他的薪水比我多兩倍。The sales Volume of refrigerators in 2000 was twice that in 1999.2000年冰箱的銷(xiāo)量比1999年多一倍。

　　練習(xí)：

　　A　He says there is emerging evidence that children absorb low-level radiation at a rate more than three times that of adults6.

　　B　By the year 20004 it is estimated that Australia will have 8 million mobile phones ：nearly one for every two people.

　　C　“If mobile phones are found to be dangerous, they should carry a warning label until proper shields can be devised,” he said.

　　D　Then who finances the research?

　　E　For example, Telstra, Optus and Vodaphone build their towers where it is geographically suitable to them and disregard the need of the community.

　　F　The conclusion is that mobile phones brings more harm than benefit.

　　答案與題解：

　　1.C　“空1”應(yīng)該填入與low-level radiation有關(guān)的內(nèi)容，例如：low-level radiation究竟有害還是無(wú)害。所以，C是合適的選項(xiàng)。此外,直接引語(yǔ)也佐證了選擇的合理性。

　　2.B　“空2”前面一句介紹了澳大利亞擁有手機(jī)的現(xiàn)狀。選項(xiàng)B的內(nèi)容是對(duì)到2000年之前手機(jī)發(fā)展前景的預(yù)測(cè)，內(nèi)容連貫，是正確答案。

　　3.E　這一段第一句說(shuō)的是，許多微波發(fā)射塔建在人口稠密的居民區(qū)。選項(xiàng)E的內(nèi)容涉及微、波發(fā)射塔的地點(diǎn)選擇只考慮到地理位置，而不顧及社區(qū)的安全。選項(xiàng)E擴(kuò)展了第一句表達(dá)的信息。此外，選項(xiàng)E中出現(xiàn)tower這個(gè)詞，與第一句的tower相呼應(yīng)，也佐證了選擇的合理性。

　　4.A　“空4”前面一句說(shuō)的是Robert Bell建議政府應(yīng)該禁止在兒童比例高的地區(qū)(如學(xué)校操場(chǎng)、兒童醫(yī)療中心、居住小區(qū)等)的500米半徑范圍內(nèi)建造發(fā)射塔。選項(xiàng)A說(shuō)明為什么要這樣做的原因，因而是答案。

　　5.D　“空5”后面一句說(shuō)的是major telephone companies出錢(qián)資助研究項(xiàng)目的問(wèn)題，提示了D是正確答案。

　　移動(dòng)電話(huà)

　　根據(jù)科學(xué)家羅伯特?貝爾的觀點(diǎn)，如果移動(dòng)電話(huà)被證實(shí)是一種輻射危害的來(lái)源的話(huà)，那在上 面應(yīng)該貼一個(gè)標(biāo)簽。而且直到移動(dòng)電話(huà)發(fā)射塔的電磁輻射對(duì)人體健康的長(zhǎng)期影響有一個(gè)合乎科學(xué) 的評(píng)價(jià)之前，不能建造更多的發(fā)射塔?！皼](méi)有人會(huì)在一個(gè)晚上就倒地死去，?我們還是應(yīng)該尋找更 多的科學(xué)論據(jù)去指出它的危害?！绷_伯特?貝爾在一次關(guān)于少量輻射對(duì)人體健康影響的會(huì)議上說(shuō)。 “如果移動(dòng)電話(huà)被證明有危害，就應(yīng)該在它上面貼一個(gè)警告標(biāo)簽，直到設(shè)計(jì)出合適的隔離屏為 止。”他說(shuō)。

　　在公眾中一個(gè)廣泛的流行說(shuō)法是，現(xiàn)在的科學(xué)家們還不能完全地保證，電磁輻射對(duì)人類(lèi)沒(méi)有 負(fù)面影響。正如羅伯特?貝爾所指出，僅在澳大利亞就有330萬(wàn)部移動(dòng)電話(huà)，而且正以每天 2 000部的速度增加。估計(jì)到公元2000年之前澳大利亞將擁有800萬(wàn)部移動(dòng)電話(huà)，接近每?jī)扇艘徊渴謾C(jī)。

　　同時(shí)，在澳大利亞境內(nèi)分布著2 000座發(fā)射塔，其中有許多還坐落在人口密集的居民區(qū)。例 如，Telstra, Optus和Vodaphone所建造的發(fā)射塔從地理位置上來(lái)說(shuō)是合適的，但都忽視了公眾的 需求。從這些發(fā)射塔發(fā)出的電磁轄射可能已經(jīng)對(duì)附近的居民產(chǎn)生了一些有害影響。

　　羅伯特?貝爾建議，在更多的研究工作未完成之前，政府應(yīng)該禁止在學(xué)校操場(chǎng)、兒童日托中 心、醫(yī)院、運(yùn)動(dòng)場(chǎng)所以及兒童占比例較高的居住場(chǎng)所方圓500米范圍內(nèi)建造發(fā)射塔。他說(shuō)顯現(xiàn)的 證據(jù)表明，兒童以成年人三倍多的比例吸收微量輻射。同時(shí)他補(bǔ)充說(shuō)還有一個(gè)證據(jù)證明如果癌癥 患者受到電磁波的輻射，就會(huì)導(dǎo)致疾病的加速惡化。

　　那么誰(shuí)資助這項(xiàng)研究呢?羅伯特?貝爾認(rèn)為由較大的電話(huà)公司提供資金是合情合理的，他還極力主張政府進(jìn)行一系列廣泛的關(guān)于輻射可能對(duì)身體健康有所影響的調(diào)查與研究。