2014職稱英語(yǔ)考試語(yǔ)法輔導(dǎo)之被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)

　　點(diǎn)擊進(jìn)入：2014年職稱英語(yǔ)考試語(yǔ)法知識(shí)輔導(dǎo)匯總

　　被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的句子中,主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者，即行為的對(duì)象。

　　被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成：是由助動(dòng)詞be加上及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞。be的人稱和數(shù)要和句中主語(yǔ)一致，并表現(xiàn)出時(shí)態(tài)特征。

　?、?用法

　　(1)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)

　　All our shoes are made by hand.

　　The article is retailed at a higher price than when it was bought wholesale.

　　(2)一般過(guò)去時(shí)

　　She was praised for her economical management of the budget.

　　An urgent telephone call was made to the company's treasure.

　　(3)一般將來(lái)時(shí)

　　You will be introduced to the office building.

　　Will storekeepers be prosecuted for raising prices without government permission?

　　(4)過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)

　　She told me that her father would be taken to hospital the next morning.

　　(5)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)

　　These trade terms have been developed by mercantile custom and standardized to a certain extent.

　　(6)過(guò)去完成時(shí)

　　They told him that the meeting had been cancelled.

　　(7)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)

　　In some developed countries, children are being taught by computers.

　　Computers are being used to predict the weather.

　　(8)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)

　　The conversation was being recorded.

　　The street was being widened.

　　(9)動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)

　　A new study plan (work plan) has to be made.

　　He will have to be tried for murder.

　　Ⅱ.不定式被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)用于下列場(chǎng)合：

　　(1)當(dāng)我們不知道或者沒(méi)有必要說(shuō)明誰(shuí)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)

　　My watch has been stolen.

　　On Saturday night, on her way home from work, she was robbed.

　　(2)當(dāng)我們要強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí)

　　Qu Yuan is also remembered on this day.

　　He will never be forgotten.

　　(3)當(dāng)出于禮貌、措詞等方面的考慮不愿說(shuō)出誰(shuí)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)，例如：

　　You are requested to give a performance.

　?、?分詞主動(dòng)句表示被動(dòng)含義

　　及物動(dòng)詞need, want, require, deserve, bear等之后用動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。

　　This issue requires dealing with great care.

　　The new instruments want very careful handling.

　?、?職稱英語(yǔ)測(cè)試點(diǎn)：

　　1)According to estimates, 800,000 hectares of its land area are fit for plowing but only about 640,000 hectares are being cultivated. 本文|由中華會(huì)計(jì)網(wǎng)校獨(dú)家整理。

　　2)Hundreds of books are published every year and are read by all kinds of people.

　　3)Italy’s 30,000 hotels are booked solid every summer.

　　4)Knowing how to solve problems is considered more important than the accumulation of facts.

　　5)Personal income may be defined as total money income received by individuals before personal taxes are paid.

　　6)In many countries more than a quarter of all deaths are caused by cancer.

　　7)The social stability of the world is no longer threatened by global wars.

　　8)The labor force should be informed of major policy decisions.

　　9)Many kinds of stone are used as building materials.

　　10)Some of the destruction is directly caused by the quake itself.