2014年(衛(wèi)生類)職稱英語考試練習(xí)之補(bǔ)全短文

　　Organ Donation and Transplantation

　　1 Organ donation(捐獻(xiàn)) and transplantation(移植) refers to the process by which organs or tissues from one person are put into another person's body.

　　2 The number of people needing a transplant continues to rise faster than the number of donors. About 3,700 transplant candidates are added to the national waiting list each month. Each day, about 77 people receive organ transplants. However, about 18 people die each day waiting for transplants that can't take place because of the shortage of donated organs.

　　3 There are no age limits on who can be an organ donor. Newborns as well as senior citizens have been organ donors. If you are younger than 18, you must have a parent's or guardian's consent (同意). If you are 18 years or older, you can show you want to be an organ and tissue donor by signing a donor card.

　　4 Many people think that if they agree to donate their organs, the doctor or the emergency room staff won't work as hard to save their life. This is not true. The transplant team is completely separate from the medical staff working to save your life. The transplant team does not become involved with you until doctors have determined that all possible efforts to save your life have failed.

　　5 If you need an organ transplant, your doctor will help you get on the national waiting list.Your name will become part of a pool of names. When an organ donor becomes available, all the patients in the pool are compared to the donor. Factors such as blood and tissue type, size of the organ , medical urgency(緊急) of the patient's illness, time already spent on the waiting list, and distance between donor and recipient(接受者) are considered.

　　23. Paragraph 2_______.

　　24. Paragraph 3 _______.

　　25. Paragraph 4 _______.

　　26. Paragraph 5 _______.

　　A. Quality of donated organ

　　B. Benefits of organ donation

　　C. Distribution of donated organs

　　D. Quality of donor medical care

　　E. Age limits of organ donation

　　F. Status of organ donation and transplantation

　　27. There is a great demand for _______.

　　28. Organ donors range in age from newboms to_______.

　　29. Doctors will try their best to save your life even if you've signed _______.

　　30. Various factors are considered when deciding on _______.

　　A. donated organs

　　B. the national waiting list

　　C. a donor card

　　D. senior citizens

　　E. all possible efforts

　　F. the most suitable candidate

　　答案和解析

　　23.F [解析]第二段中提到需要器官移植的人增加的速度遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)大于器官捐獻(xiàn)者。每月有3700人加入等候者的行列。但每天只有77人接受器官移植。每天有18人在等待中死亡。 這些都是講目前器官捐獻(xiàn)和移植的狀況，因此選擇F。

　　24.E[解析]第三段第一句"There are no age limits on who can donate."就說明此段和捐獻(xiàn)者的年齡有關(guān)。因此選E。

　　25.D [解析]第四段的中心是捐獻(xiàn)者不必為他們的醫(yī)療擔(dān)心，他們的醫(yī)療同樣有保障。因此選D。

　　26.C [解析]第五段講確定器官接受者的因素，也就是如何決定捐贈(zèng)的器官給哪個(gè)患者。因此選C。

　　27.A [解析]從第二段可以看出A是正確答案There is a great demand for donated olgans.

　　28.D[解析]從第三段第二句"Newborns as well as senior citizens have been organ donors."得出正確答案是D。

　　29.C [解析]結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，從搭配上看sign后面只能跟a donor card。從文章中第四段The transplant team does not become involved with you until doctors have determined that all possible efforts to save vour life have failed.也能看出答案是C。

　　30.F[解析]最后一段說When an organ donor becomes available，all the patients in the pool are compared to the donor.Factors such as blood and tissue type……are considered.因此F是正確答案。

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