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2014年職稱英語(理工類)教材閱讀判斷文章及譯文13

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摘要 為了方便廣大考生備考,環(huán)球網(wǎng)校特地整理了教材上的素材,供大家練習(xí)/選讀,希望對大家復(fù)習(xí)有所幫助。

  點擊進(jìn)入:2014年職稱英語(理工類)教材閱讀判斷文章匯總

  理工類-閱讀判斷

  The Northern Lights

  The Sun is stormy and has its own kind of weather. It is so hot and active that even the Sun's gravity cannot hold its atmosphere in check1! Energy flows away from the Sun toward the Earth in a stream of electrified particles that move at speeds around a million miles per hour2. These particles are called plasma, and the stream of plasma3 coming from the Sun is called the solar wind. The more active the Sun, the stronger the solar wind.

  The solar wind constantly streams toward the Earth, but don't worry because a protective magnetic field surrounds our planet. The same magnetic field that makes your compass point north also steers the particles from the Sun to the north and south poles. The charged particles become trapped in magnetic belts around the Earth. When a large blast of solar wind crashes into the Earth's magnetic field, the magnetic field first gets squeezed and then the magnetic field lines break and reconnect. 4

  The breaking and reconnecting of the magnetic field lines can cause atomic particles called electrons trapped in the belts to fall into the Earth's atmosphere at the poles. As the electrons fall to the Earth, they collide with gas molecules in the atmosphere, creating flashes of light in the sky. Each atmospheric gas glows a different color. Oxygen and nitrogen glows red and green and nitrogen glows violet-purple. As these various colors glow and dance in the night sky, they create the Northern Lights and the Southern Lights.

  Watching auroras is fun and exciting, but normally you can only see them in places far north like Alaska and Canada. The movement of the aurora across the sky is usually slow enough to easily follow with your eyes but they can also pulsate, flicker, or even move like waves. During solar maximum, 5 auroras are seen as far south as Florida, even Mexico! 6

  Auroras often seem to be very close to the ground, but the lowest aurora is still about 100 kilometers above the ground, a distance much higher than clouds are formed or airplanes can fly. A typical aurora band can be thousands of kilometers long, a few hundred kilometers high, but only a few hundred meters thick.

  We hope you are able to travel to far-north places like the Arctic Circle and see the Northern Lights at least once during your lifetime, We know you will never forget it!

  詞匯:

  electrify 使帶電 steer 駕駛;導(dǎo)向,引向

  collide 碰撞 aurora 極光

  flicker 閃爍 plasma 等離子體

  electron 電子 molecule 分子

  pulsate 跳動 Arctic 北極的

  注釋:

  1.The sun’s gravity cannot hold its atmosphere in check:太陽的引力無法控制它自己的大氣層。hold ... in check是“控制,支配”,例如:

  He wants to hold the company in check through the manager’s secretary.他想通過經(jīng)理的秘書控制公司。

  2.move at speeds around a million miles per hour:以約100萬英里的時速運動。around = about。

  3.the stream of plasma:等離子流

  4.... the magnetic field first gets squeezed and then the magnetic field lines break and reconnect:首先,磁場受到擠壓,接著磁場磁力線斷開又閉合。

  5.During solar maximum:在太陽風(fēng)暴達(dá)到最高峰的期間

  6.auroras are seen as far south as Florida, even Mexico!位于極南面的佛羅里達(dá)州,乃至于墨西哥都能看到極光。far south意為“極南面”。

  練習(xí):

  1.The Sun's gravity is too weak to keep its plasma from flowing to the Earth.

  A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned

  2.The Earth is quite safe with a magnetic field surrounding it to protect it from the attack by the solar wind.

  A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned

  3.Some scientists are worrying about the possible disappearance of the Earth's protective magnetic field in the future.

  A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned

  4.The auroras are formed when the electrons falling into the Earth's atmosphere at the poles and colliding with gas molecules in the atmosphere.

  A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned

  5.You cannot see the Northern Lights unless you are in Alaska or Canada.

  A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned

  6.Tens of thousands of tourists take special trips to Norway and Sweden every year to watch the Northern Lights.

  A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned

  7.An aurora is generally close to the ground and is very long and thick.

  A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned

  答案與題解:

  1.B 題句意思是:太陽的重力太弱,等離子逃離太陽,流向地球。這一說法與短文第一段第一、二句表達(dá)的內(nèi)容不符。句子表達(dá)的重點不是太陽的重力太弱,而是太陽太熱,其活動又太劇烈,造成等離子逃離太陽,流向地球。所以,答案是選項B。

  2.A 題句說地球相當(dāng)安全,因為有磁場在高空包圍著地球,將太陽風(fēng)擋在地球大氣層外面。題句表達(dá)的意思與短文第二段第一句傳遞的信息相符。雖然短文中沒有用safe這個詞,但是“don’t worry because a protective magnetic field surrounds our planet”包含了safe這層意思,所以選項A是答案。

  3.C 題句說,有些科學(xué)家擔(dān)心包圍地球起防護(hù)作用的磁場有一天會消失。短文中找不到這一信息,所以答案是C。

  4.A 短文第二、三段解釋極光的成因。當(dāng)強(qiáng)大的太陽風(fēng)侵入地球磁場,磁場的磁力線會斷開和閉合,等離子流的電子進(jìn)入大氣層,流向極地上空,與大氣層的氣體分子發(fā)生碰撞,發(fā)出極光。題句表達(dá)的意思與短文介紹的極光成因相符,所以答案是A。

  5.B 題句的說法明顯與短文第三段的敘述不符。第四段介紹說,當(dāng)太陽風(fēng)暴達(dá)到最高峰期間,明亮的北極光甚至在位于極南面的佛羅里達(dá)州乃至墨西哥都能看到。所以答案是B。

  6.C 題句說,每年有幾萬游客專程前往挪威和瑞典觀看北極光。短文中找不到這一內(nèi)容,所以答案是C。

  7.B 題句說極光通常很接近地面,又長又厚。這一說法有兩點與短文第五段的介紹不符。第一點,極光不是接近地面,而是“似乎很接近地面(Auroras often seem to be very close to the ground)”,事實上,最靠近地面的極光離地面也有100公里。第二點,極光不厚,“only a few hundred meters thick”。所以答案是B。

  譯文:北極光

  太陽是狂暴的,有它自己獨特的氣候。太陽太熱,其活動又太劇烈,以至于無法控制它自己的大氣層。熱量以電粒子流的形式逃離太陽,流向地球,時速高達(dá)100萬英里。這些粒子叫等離子體,來自太陽的等離子流叫太陽風(fēng)。太陽活動越劇烈,太陽風(fēng)越強(qiáng)烈。

  太陽風(fēng)不斷地流向地球。但是 不必?fù)?dān)心,因為有一個保護(hù)性的磁場包圍著我們的地球。使指南針指向北方的相同的磁場也把來自太陽的粒子導(dǎo)向地球的南北兩極。這些受控的粒子被吸附在地球周圍的磁場。當(dāng)強(qiáng)大的太陽風(fēng)侵入地球磁場時,首先磁場受到擠壓,接著磁場磁力線斷開又閉合。

  磁場磁力線的斷開和閉合產(chǎn)生叫作電子的原子粒子,被截留在磁場,落入地球兩極的大氣層。等離子流的電子進(jìn)入地球,與大氣層的氣體分子發(fā)生碰撞,在天空中產(chǎn)生光芒。每一種大氣層的氣體產(chǎn)生不同顏色的光。氧和氮發(fā)紅綠光,氮氣發(fā)藍(lán)紫光。當(dāng)這些不同的顏色在夜空中閃爍跳躍時,就 形成了北極光和南極光。

  觀賞極光是很有趣也很令人振奮的。然而通常只有在遙遠(yuǎn)的北方,像阿拉斯加州和加拿大等地方才能看到。橫過天空的極光移動速度通常很慢,有肉眼就能很輕易地觀測到。而它們還能跳動、閃爍甚至像波一樣流動。在太陽風(fēng)暴達(dá)到最高峰的期間,明亮的北極光甚至在位于靠近南方的福羅里達(dá)州乃至墨西哥都能看到。

  極光似乎很接近地面,但是最靠近地面的極光離地面也有100公里,比云層都高,飛機(jī)也無法到達(dá)。一條典型的極光帶有數(shù)千公里長,幾百公里高,但是只有幾百米厚。

  希望你在有生之年至少去遙遠(yuǎn)的北方地區(qū)如北極圈旅游一次,觀賞到北極光。這些經(jīng)歷將使你終生難忘。

  2014年職稱英語考前復(fù)習(xí)必讀攻略      2014年職稱英語老師輔導(dǎo)輕松通關(guān)

    環(huán)球網(wǎng)校友情提示:如果您在此過程中遇到任何疑問,請登錄環(huán)球網(wǎng)校職稱英語頻道論壇,隨時與廣大考生朋友們一起交流!

    編輯推薦:
    2014年職稱英語考試報名時間匯總
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    2014年職稱英語考試高端押題保過套餐
    環(huán)球網(wǎng)校2012職稱英語考試輔導(dǎo)通過率

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