職稱英語考試歷年真題原文：2011年閱讀理解(綜合C)

　　下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題。請根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，為每題確定1個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)。

　　第一篇 Three Ways to Become More Creative

　　Most people believe they don't have has imagination. They are wrong. Everyone has imagination, but most of us，once we became adults, forget how to access it. Creativity isn't always connected with great works of art or ideas. People at work and in their free time routinely think of creative ways to solve problems. Maybe you have a goal to achieve，a tricky question to answer or you just want to expand your mind! Here are three techniques to help you.

　　This technique involves taking unrelated ideas and trying to find links between them. First，think about the problem you have to solve or the job you need to do. Then find an image，word，idea or object，for example，a candle. Write down all the ideas/words associated with candles：light，fire，matches, wax，night，silence，etc. Think of as many as you can. The next stage is to relate the ideas to the job you have to do. So imagine you want to buy a friend an original present;you could buy him tickets to a match or take him out for the night.

　　Imagine that normal limitations don't exist. You have as much time/space/money，etc. as you want. Think about your goal and the new possibilities. If，for example，your goal is to learn to ski(滑雪)，you can now practice skiing every day of your life (because you have the time and the money). Now adapt this to reality. Maybe you can practice skiing every day in December，or every Monday in January.

　　Look at the situation from a different point of view. Good negotiators (談判者) use this technique in business，and so do writers. Fiction writers often imagine they are the characters in their books. They ask questions：what does this character want? Why can't she get it? What changes must she make to get what she wants? What does she dream about? If your goal involves other people，put yourself "in their shoes". The best fishermen think like fish!

　　31. According to the passage, when we become adults，

　　A. most of us are no longer creative

　　B. we can still learn to be more creative

　　C. we are not as imaginative as children

　　D. we are unwilling to be creative

　　32. According to the first technique，if you need to solve a problem，

　　A. you could find an image and try to link it with the problem.

　　B. you should link it with candles

　　C. you have to think of buying a present for a friend

　　D. you should link it with as many words as possible

　　33. The second technique suggests that you just imagine

　　A. setting a goal is as simple as skiing

　　B. new possibilities will soon appear

　　C. December and January are the best months for skiing.

　　D. you have every resource to achieve your goal

　　34. The phrase "put yourself 'in their shoes'" in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to

　　A. dress yourself like them

　　B. think as they would

　　C. do as they ask you to

　　D. put on their shoes

　　35. We learn from the third technique that a good salesman should ask himself ?

　　A. what do I usually do

　　B. what did my boss tell me to do

　　C. what are my customers' needs

　　D. how should I sell my products

　　第二篇 The State of Marriage Today

　　Is there something seriously wrong with marriage today? During the past 50 years，the rate of divorce in the United States has exploded：almost 50% of marriages end in divorce now，and the evidence suggests it is going to get worse. If this trend continues，it will lead to the breakup of the family, according to a spokesperson for the National Family Association. Some futurists predict that in 100 years，the average American will marry at least four times，and extramaritai(婚外的)affairs will be even more common than they are now.

　　But what are the reasons for this，and is the picture really so gloomy (明暗的)? The answer to the first question is really quite simple：marriage is no longer the necessity it once was. The institution of marriage has been based for years partly on economic need. Women used to be economically dependent on their husbands as they usually didn't have jobs outside the home. But with the rising number of women in well-paying jobs，this is no longer the case，so they don't feel that they'need to stay in a failing marriage.

　　In answer to the second question，the outlook may not be as pessimistic (悲觀的)as it seems. While the rate of divorce has risen, the rate of couples marrying has never actually fallen very much，so marriage is still quite popular. In addition to this，many couples now simply live together and don't bother to marry. These couples are effectively married，but they do not appear in either the marriage or divorce statistics. In fact，more than 50% of first marriages survive.

　　So is marriage really an outdated institution? The fact that most people still get married indicates that it isn't. And it is also true that married couples have a healthier life than single people：they suffer less from stress and its consequences，such as heart problems，and married men generally consider themselves more contented than their single counterparts. Perhaps the key is to find out what makes a successful marriage and apply it to all of our relationships!

　　36. Which of the following is true about the marriage in the United States today?

　　A. Divorce leads to the breakup of the family.

　　B. More and more people are getting divorced.

　　C. More than half of the married couples get divorced.

　　D. American people marry more than four times.

　　37. What does "this is no longer the case" in paragraph 2 mean?

　　A. Women are not economically dependant any more.

　　B. It is not necessary to get married any more.

　　C. Women do not need a husband any longer.

　　D. Many wives do well-paying jobs outside home now.

　　38. Why is the outlook of marriage not as hopeless as it appears?

　　A. The rate of divorce has actually decreased.

　　B. Over 60% of the marriages continue to exist.

　　C. The statistics of divorce is reliable.

　　D. Many people still like to get married.

　　39. How do most men feel in their marriage life?

　　A. They feel much stronger than before.

　　B. They feel more satisfied than being single.

　　C. They don't feel as lonely as before.

　　D. They suffer more than before.

　　40. Which of the following about marriage is NOT mentioned in the passage?

　　A. It is important to discover what makes a marriage successful.

　　B. Many people went abroad after divorce.

　　C. Marriage has long been partly an economic need.

　　D. It is a fact that most people choose to get married.

　　第三篇 How to Be a Successful Businessperson

　　Have you ever wondered why some people are successful in business and others are not? Here's a story about one successful businessperson. He started out washing dishes and today he owns 168 restaurants.

　　Zubair Kazi was born in Bhatkal, a small town in southwest India. His dream was to be an airplane pilot, and when he was 16 years old, he learned to fly a small plane.

　　At the age of 23 and with just a little money in his pocket, Mr. Kazi moved to the United States. He hoped to get a job in the airplane industry in California. Instead, he ended up working for a company that rented cars.

　　While Mr. Kazi was working at the car rental (祖賃的) company, he frequently ate at a nearby KFC restaurant. To save money on food, he decided to get a job with KFC. For two months, he worked as a cook's assistant. His job was to clean the kitchen and help the cook. "I didn't like it," Mr. Kazi says, "but I always did the best I could."

　　One day, Mr. Kazi's two co-workers failed to come to work. That day, Mr. Kazi did the work of all three people in the kitchen. This really impressed the owners of the restaurant. A few months later, the owners needed a manager for a new restaurant. They gave the job to Mr. Kazi. He worked hard as the manager and soon the restaurant was making a profit.

　　A few years later, Mr. Kazi heard about a restaurant that was losing money. The restaurant was dirty inside and the food was terrible. Mr. Kazi borrowed money from a bank and bought the restaurant. For the first six months, Mr. Kazi worked in the restaurant from 8 a.m. t0 10 p.m., seven days a week. He and his wife cleaned up the restaurant, remodeled the front of the building, and improved the cooking. They also tried hard to please the customers. lf someone had to wait more than ten minutes for their food, Mrs. Kazi gave them a free soda. Before long the restaurant was making a profit.

　　A year later, Mr. Kazi sold his restaurant for a profit. With the money he earned, he bought three more restaurants that were losing money. Again,'he cleaned them up, improved the food, and retrained the employees. Before long these restaurants were making a profit, too.

　　Today Mr. Kazi owns 168 restaurants, but he isn't planning to stop there. He's looking for more poorly managed restaurants to buy. "I love it when I go to buy a restaurant and find it's a mess," Mr. Kazi says. "The only way it can go is up."

　　41. When Mr. Kazi was young, his dream was to

　　A. sell cars

　　B. own a restaurant

　　C. be an airplane pilot

　　D. become a good cook

　　42. Mr. Kazi decided to work with KFC to

　　A. learn how to cook

　　B. save money for a car

　　C. save money on food

　　D. learn how to run a restaurant

　　43. Mr. Kazi became the manager of a new restaurant because

　　A. his co-workers praised him

　　B. he was a good cook

　　C. he knew how to run a restaurant

　　D. he worked very hard

　　44. To save a failing restaurant, Mr. Kazi did all the following things, EXCEPT to

　　A. advertize for it

　　B. clean it up

　　C. improve the food

　　D. retrain the employees

　　45. In the last paragraph, "it's a mess" means

　　A. it's small

　　B. it's dirty

　　C. it's profitable

　　D. it's cheap

　　第4部分：閱讀理解

　　31 B 本題的答題依據(jù)是文章開頭的這句話:Everyone has imagination, but most of us，once we become adults，forget how to access it.人人都有想象力，只是成年后，我們就忘了如何取得想象力 (access it) 。文章的目的就是教給成年人幾種獲得想象力的技巧，所以說成年人還是可以學(xué)會(huì)怎么樣更加富有創(chuàng)意的。

　　32 A 從第二段的這兩句話：First，think about the problem you have to solve or the job you need to do. Then find an image，word，idea or object，for example，a candle. 可以找到答案。蠟燭只是一個(gè)例子。

　　33 D 第三段的第一句話: Imagine that normal limitations don't exist. You have as much time/ space/money, etc. as you want.是本題的答題依據(jù)。

　　34 B put yourself in their shoes 是英語的一個(gè)成語，相當(dāng)于漢語的"設(shè)身處地".

　　35 C 第三種技巧就是:Look at the situation from a different point of view. 作者以談判者和小說家為例，說明推銷員如要應(yīng)用這一技巧就應(yīng)該把自己置于顧客的位置上，問一問他們的需要是什么。

　　36 B 文章的第一段把美國目前的婚姻狀況講得很清楚:During the past 50 years，the rate of divorce in the United States has exploded: almost 50 % of marriages end in divorce now ，and the evidence suggests it is going to get worse.

　　37 A 在這句話前面，作者講到以前婦女不工作，經(jīng)濟(jì)上依賴丈夫。但隨著越來越多的婦女獲得收入不菲的工作，情況就不同先前了。

　　38 D 第三段講了雖然離婚率在上升，但結(jié)婚率并沒有下降，人們還是喜歡結(jié)婚，因此前景并非那么悲觀。

　　39 B 第四段的這句話 married men generally consider themselves more contented than their single counterparts 回答了這個(gè)問題。

　　40 B 文章沒有提到人們離婚后出國。

　　41 C 第二段里講得很清楚。

　　42 C 可見第四段里的這句話: To save money on food，he decided to get a job with KFC.

　　43 D 答題依據(jù)可見第五段。

　　44 A 在第六和第七段里都提到他為挽救一個(gè)瀕臨倒閉的飯店所采取的種種措施，其中沒有做廣告這一項(xiàng)。

　　45 B mess 的意思就是"一團(tuán)糟"。