2016職稱英語考試綜合類補(bǔ)全短文練習(xí)(1)

   2016職稱英語考試綜合類補(bǔ)全短文練習(xí)匯總

   2016職稱英語考試綜合類補(bǔ)全短文練習(xí)匯總，供考生參考。

　　The list of ills attributable to obesity keeps growing ： Last week，obese people were accused of causing global warming.

　　This conclusion comes from Sheldon Jacobson of the University of Illinois，US，and a doctoral student, Laura McLay. Their study calculates how much extra gasoline is needed to haul fat Americans around. The answer, they say, is a billion gallons of gas per year. (1)

　　There has been calls for taxes on junk food2 in recent years. (2) "We tax cigarettes partly because of their health cost"，Schmidt said. “ Similarly，leading a lazy lifestyle will end up costing taxpayers more. ”

　　US political scientist Eric Oliver said his first instinct was to laugh at these gas and fast food arguments. But such claims are getting attention.

　　At the US Obesity Society's annual meeting, one person correlated obesity with car accident deaths, and another correlated obesity with suicides. (3) "The funny thing was that everyone took it seriously. ” Oliver said.

　　In a 1960s study, children were shown drawings of children with disabilities and without them, and a drawing of an obese child. They were asked which they would want for a friend?(4)

　　Three researchers recently repeated the study using college students. Once again, almost no one, not even obese people, liked the obese person. “Obesity was stigmatized. " the researchers said.

　　But, researchers say, getting thin is not like quitting smoking. People struggle to stop smoking, and, in the end, many succeed. Obesity is different. But, not because obese people don't care. (5) Genes also play a part.

　　詞匯：

　　obese 肥胖的 haul 運(yùn)輸

　　correlate 與……相聯(lián)系 stigma 壞名聲

　　stigmatize 侮辱

　　注釋：

　　1.carbon dioxide ： 二氧化碳

　　2.junk food:垃圾食品

　　3.cause-and-effect relationship：因果關(guān)系

　　練習(xí)：

　　A A meager diet may keep you thin.

　　B It means an extra 11 million tons of carbon dioxide.

　　C The obese child was picked last.

　　D US economist Martin Schmidt suggests a tax on fast food delivered to people's cars.

　　E Science has shown that they have limited personal control over their weight.

　　F No one asked whether there was really a cause-and-effect relationship.

　　答案與題解：

　　1.B第二段講到Sheldon Jacobson和Laura McLay在一項(xiàng)研究中計(jì)算了運(yùn)送美國胖子一年需 要多消耗10億加侖的汽油。從所給的這些句子來看，只有B是連貫的。B句為Jtmeaiis an extra 11 million tons of carbon dioxide.這意味著多放出 1100 萬噸二氧化碳。

　　2.D第三段的第一個(gè)句子，即空格前的句子，講的是：近些年，不斷有人提出要給垃圾食品征 稅。這是個(gè)主題句，那么后面的句子講得應(yīng)該更具體一點(diǎn)。D說得更具體，是這么說的:US economist Martin Schmidt suggests a tax on fast food delivered to people's cars.美國經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家 Martin Schmidt建議對(duì)送到車上的快餐要征稅。另外，從主題的發(fā)展來看，也只有這個(gè)句子 最合適o

　　3.F 口第‘段開始時(shí)說到，在美國肥胖協(xié)會(huì)的年會(huì)上，有人把車禍造成的死亡跟肥胖聯(lián)系了起 來，也有人把自殺跟肥胖聯(lián)系了起來。從剩下的句子來看，只有填入F是連貫的。F說的 是：No one asked whether there was really a cause-and-effect relationship.沒有人問一問它們之 間是否真正存在因果關(guān)系。

　　4.C第六段主要是講一個(gè)試驗(yàn)，先讓兒童看一組畫，畫里有正常的兒童和殘疾的兒童，還有一 個(gè)小胖子，而后問他們?cè)敢夂湍膫€(gè)小孩做朋友。C是對(duì)這個(gè)問題合適的回答。

　　5.E 最后一段講的是減肥跟戒煙不一樣，在一定程度上受到基因的控制(最后一個(gè)句子)，因此很難。所以只有E是合適的。E是這么說的;Science has shown that they have limited personal control over their weight.科學(xué)已經(jīng)表明，胖子自己幾乎是無法控制體重的。

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