2016年職稱英語考試《衛(wèi)生類》閱讀理解小測(4)

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   2016年職稱英語考試《衛(wèi)生類》閱讀理解小測匯總，供考生參考。

　　Common-cold Sense

　　You can't beat it, but you don't have Jo join it.2 Maybe it got the name ” common cold" because it's more common in winter. The fact is, though, being cold doesn't have anything to do with getting one 3. Colds are caused by the spread of rhinoviruses,, and, at least so far, medical science is better at telling you how to avoid getting one than how to get rid of one4.

　　Children are the most common way cold viruses are spread to adults，because they have more colds than adults 一 an average of about eight per year. Why do kids seem so much more easily to get colds than their parents? Simple. They haven't had the opportunity to become immune to many cold viruses. ‘

　　There are more than 150 different cold viruses, and you never have the same one twice. Being infected by one makes you immune to it _ but only it.5

　　Colds are usually spread by direct contact, not sneezing or coughing. From another person's hand to your hand and then to your nose or eyes is the most common route.6 The highest concentration of cold viruses 7 anywhere is found under the thumbnails of a boy, although the viruses can survive for hours on skin or other smooth surfaces.

　　Hygiene is your best defense. Wash your hands frequently, preferably with a disinfectant soap, especially when children in your household have colds.

　　But even careful hygiene won't ward off 8 every cold. So, what works when a coughing, sneezing, runny nose 9 strikes?

　　The old prescription of two aspirins, lots of water, and bed rest is a good place to start. But you'll also find some of the folk remedies10 worth trying. Hot mixtures of sugar (or honey)， lemon, and water have real benefits.

　　詞匯：

　　rhinovirus 鼻病毒 preferably 更可取地，更好 地

　　virus 病毒 disinfectant 消毒劑，殺菌劑

　　immune 免疫的，有免疫力的 prescription 訣窩;處方,藥方

　　infect 傳染，侵染，感染 sneeze 打噴嚏

　　remedy 治療，治療法,藥品

　　注釋：

　　1. 標題“common-cold sense”實際上是在單詞“commonsense”(常識)中插入cold (感冒)一詞,意為“關(guān)于感冒的常識”。

　　2. "You can't beat it, but you don't have to join it. ”字面上的意思是“你無法打敗它，但你并不 是非得加入它的行列不可”，實際上指的是目前尚沒找到徹底對付感冒的辦法，但至少我們 可以試圖預(yù)防感冒。

　　3. …being cold doesn't have anything to do with getting one.動名詞短語“being cold"意思是 “感到冷”，在句中作主語;動詞短語“not have anything to do with something"意思是“與某 事無關(guān)”，在句中作謂語;最后一個不定代詞“one”指的是“一種感冒”，作賓語。整句話的 意思是“受涼和得感冒并沒有什么因果關(guān)系”。

　　4. ... medical science is better at telling you how to avoid getting one than how to get rid of one.醫(yī)學與其說能教你如何擺脫感冒，不如說它能告訴你如何預(yù)防感冒。

　　5.Being infected by one makes you immune to it ― but only it.被一種病毒感染過后使你對它 產(chǎn)生免疫力――但只是對這種(病毒)而言。be immune to sth.意思是“對某物有免疫力” 或“不受某事的影響”。

　　6.From another person's hand to your harld and then to your nose or eyes is the most common route.這是一個倒裝句，按照正常語序句子應(yīng)該是The most common route is from another person's hand to your hand and then to ybur nose or eyes,意為“最普通的(傳染)途徑是從 別人的手傳到你的手中，再傳到你的鼻子或眼睛里去”。

　　7.The highest concentration of cold viruses ：感冒病菌最集中的地方

　　8.ward off：避開，防止

　　9.runny nose：流鼻涕

　　10.folk remedies: 土藥方，偏方

　　練習：

　　1.According to the essay, you may have a cold because

　　A the weather is too cold.

　　B the spread of rhinoviruses gets people infected.

　　C another person's coughing passes the cold to you.

　　D you wash your hands too often.

　　2.The best way to keep yourself from getting colds is

　　A to keep yourself clean.

　　B to use i disinfectant soap.

　　C to take two aspirins every day.

　　D to drink lots of water.

　　3.Children have more colds because

　　A they are usually infected about eight times each year.

　　B they are not immune to many cold viruses yet.

　　C they never wash their hands so that their thumbnails are dirty.

　　D they don't like eating lemon.

　　4.When you are having a cold,

　　A it is always the same kind of cold that you had last time.

　　B it may be the same kind of cold that you had last time.

　　C it is certainly not the same kind of cold that you had last time.?

　　D it is probably not the same kind of cold that you had last time. 5.When one is having a cold, he may often have all the following symptoms EXCEPT

　　A coughing.

　　B having a sore throat.

　　C having a runny nose.

　　D having a stomachache.

2015年職稱英語考試必備句型匯總

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