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2016年職稱英語《綜合類A》閱讀判斷模擬試題一

更新時(shí)間:2016-02-06 07:15:01 來源:環(huán)球網(wǎng)校 瀏覽308收藏30

  【摘要】環(huán)球網(wǎng)校:2016年職稱英語考試即將開始考試,目前備考2016年職稱英語考試的考生也在循序漸進(jìn)的復(fù)習(xí)中。對此,環(huán)球小編整理了《2016年職稱英語《綜合類A》閱讀判斷模擬試題一》,希望備考2016年職稱英語考試的考生都能順利通關(guān)。

  相關(guān)推薦2016年職稱英語綜合類教材新增文章匯總

  閱讀下面的短文。每篇短文后面都有七句話,請根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容判斷這些話是正確、錯(cuò)誤,還是在短文中沒有提到。(總分7分,確保得到4-5分,掌握方法和技巧)

  Smoking

  Since 1939, numerous studies have been conducted to determine whether smoking is a ealth hazard. The trend of the evidence has been consistent and indicates that there is a serious health risk. Research teams have conducted studies that show beyond all reasonable doubt that tobacco smoking is associated with a shortened life expectancy1.

  Cigarette smoking is believed by most research workers in this field to be an important

  actor in the development of cancer of the lungs and cancer of the throat and is believed to be related to cancer of some other organs of the body. Male cigarette smokers have a higher death rate from heart disease than non-smoking males. Female smokers are thought to be less affected because they do not breathe in the smoke so deeply.

  Apart from statistics, it might be helpful to look at what tobacco does to the

  human body. Smoke is a mixture of gases, vaporized chemicals, minute particles of ash and

  other solids. There is also nicotine, which is powerful poison, and black tar. As smoke is breathed in, all those components from deposits on the membranes of the lungs. One point of concentration is where the air tube and bronchus divides. Most lung cancer begins at this point.

  Filters and low tar tobacco2 are claimed to make smoking to some extent safer, but they can only slightly reduce, not eliminate the hazards.

  詞匯:

  vaporize ['veɪpəraɪz] v. (使)蒸發(fā) nicotine ['nɪkəti:n] n. 尼古丁

  membrane ['membrein] n.膜 bronchus ['brɔŋkəs] n. 支氣管

  注釋:

  life expectancy: 預(yù)期壽命

  low tar tobacco: 焦油含量低的煙草

  1. It is easy to determine whether smoking is hazardous.(一段)

  A. Right

  B .Wrong

  C. Not mentioned

  2. Smoking reduces one’s life expectancy.(一段)

  A. Right

  B. Wrong

  C. Not mentioned

  3. Smoking may induce lung cancer.(二段)

  A. Right

  B. Wrong

  C. Not mentioned

  4. There is evidence that smoking is responsible for breast cancer.(無)

  A. Right

  B .Wrong

  C. Not mentioned

  5. Male smokers have a lower death rate from heart disease than female smokers(二段)

  A. Right

  B. Wrong

  C. Not mentioned

  6. Nicotine is poisonous.(三段)

  A. Right

  B. Wrong

  C. Not mentioned

  7. Filters and low tar tobacco make smoking safer.(四段)

  A. Right

  B .Wrong

  C. Not mentioned

  答案與題解:

  1. B 該題說的是,判斷抽煙對健康是否有危害是容易的,但是,文章的第一句話是這么說的:自1939年以來進(jìn)行了許多次研究,其目的都是為了判斷抽煙對健康是否是一種危害,可以看出判斷抽煙對健康是否是一種危害并不容易。

  2. A 該題說的是:抽煙會縮短人們的預(yù)期壽命。該題源于第一段最后一個(gè)句子中的子句:tobacco smoking is associated with a shortened life expectancy(抽煙與人的預(yù)期壽命縮短有關(guān))。

  3.A 該題說的是:抽煙有可能誘發(fā)肺癌。文章的第二段和第三段都講到了抽煙與肺癌的關(guān)系。

  4.C 該題說的是:有證據(jù)說明入選愛是抽煙誘發(fā)的。文章并未提及。

  5.B 該題說的是:男性煙民死于心臟病的比率小雨女性煙民死于心臟病的比率,文章沒有直接比較男性煙民和女性煙民死于心臟病的比率,但有這么一句話:Female smokers are thought to be less affected because they do not breathe in the smke so deeply. 據(jù)認(rèn)為女性煙民并不把煙吸得很深,因此煙對她們的影響小于男性煙民。從中可以推斷出的是:男性煙民死于心臟病的比率高于女性煙民死于心臟病的比率。因此該題的命題是錯(cuò)誤的。

  6. A 該題說的是:尼古丁是有毒的。答案可在第三段找到。

  7. B 該題說的是:有了過濾嘴和焦油含量低的煙草,抽煙時(shí)安全的。文章的最后一段(也是最后一句)是這么說的:據(jù)稱,過濾嘴和焦油含量低的煙草在某種程度上使抽煙變得較為安全,但是它們只是略微減少危害而不是消除危害。因此該題的命題是錯(cuò)誤的。

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  環(huán)球網(wǎng)校友情提示:2016年職稱英語考試3月26日開始,本文整理“2016年職稱英語《綜合類A》閱讀判斷模擬試題一”,供考生參考練習(xí)。如果您在此過程中遇到任何疑問,請登錄環(huán)球網(wǎng)校職稱英語頻道及職稱英語論壇,我們隨時(shí)與廣大考生朋友們一起交流!

  【摘要】環(huán)球網(wǎng)校:2016年職稱英語考試即將開始考試,目前備考2016年職稱英語考試的考生也在循序漸進(jìn)的復(fù)習(xí)中。對此,環(huán)球小編整理了《2016年職稱英語《綜合類A》閱讀判斷模擬試題一》,希望備考2016年職稱英語考試的考生都能順利通關(guān)。

  相關(guān)推薦2016年職稱英語綜合類教材新增文章匯總

  Plants and Mankind

  Botany, the study of plants, occupies a peculiar position in the history of human knowledge. We don't know what our Stone Age1 ancestors knew about plants, but from what we can observe of preindustrial societies that still exist, a detailed learning of plants and their properties must be extremely ancient2. This is logical. Plants are the basis of the food pyramid for all living things, even for other plants. They have always been enormously important to the welfare of people, not only for food, but also for clothing, weapons, tools, dyes3, medicines, shelter, and many other purposes. Tribes living today in the jungle of the Amazon4 recognize hundreds of plants and know many properties of each. To them botany has no name and is probably not even recognized as a special branch of "knowledge" at all.

  Unfortunately, the more industrialized we become the farther away we move from direct contact with plants, and the less distinct our knowledge of botany grows. Yet everyone comes unconsciously on an amazing amount of botanical knowledge5, and few people will fail to recognize a rose, an apple, or an orchid6. When our Neolithic7 ancestors, living in the Middle East about 10,000 years ago, discovered that certain grasses could be harvested and their seeds planted for richer yields the next season, the first great step in a new association of plants and humans was taken. Grains were discovered and from them flowed the marvel of agriculture: cultivated crops. From then on, humans would increasingly take their living from the controlled production of a few plants, rather than getting a little here and a little there from many varieties that grew wild and the accumulated knowledge of tens of thousands of years of experience and intimacy with plants in the wild would begin to fade away8 .

  詞匯:

  botany ['bɔtəni] n.植物學(xué)

  yield [ji:ld] n. 產(chǎn)量,收益

  detailed ['di:teild] adj.詳細(xì)的,詳盡的

  marvel ['mɑ:vəl] n. 令人驚奇的事(人),奇跡

  property ['prɔpəti] n. (1)特征(2)財(cái)產(chǎn),資產(chǎn)

  logical ['lɔdӡikəl] adj. 邏輯的,合乎邏輯的

  variety [və'raiəti] n.(1)品種,變種 (2)變化,多樣化

  pyramid ['pirəmid] n.金字塔 職稱英語考試

  welfare ['welfεə] n. 福利,幸福,康樂

  accumulate [ə'kju:mjuleit] vt.積累,積聚

  intimacy ['intiməsi] n. 親近,親密

  注釋:

  1. Stone Age: 石器時(shí)代

  2. …a detailed learning of plants and their properties must be extremely ancient:…… 對植物及其特點(diǎn)的詳細(xì)了解一定非常久遠(yuǎn)。

  3. dye : 染料

  4. the Amazon :亞馬孫河

  5. Yet everyone comes unconsciously on an amazing amount of botanical knowledge … 而每個(gè)人都會在無意識中獲得大量的植物知識,……come on : (偶然)遇見;(偶然)發(fā)現(xiàn)。又如:I came on this idea by pure chance. 我有這個(gè)想法純偶然。

  6. orchid: 蘭花

  7. Neolithic: 新石器時(shí)代

  8. From then on, humans would increasingly take their living from the controlled production of a few plants, rather than getting a little here and a little there from many varieties that grew wild and the accumulated knowledge of tens of thousands of years of experience and intimacy with plants in the wild would begin to fade away:從那時(shí)起,人類就越來越多地從可控制的幾種植物的種植中獲取生計(jì),而不是從野生的眾多種類中東采一點(diǎn),西摘一點(diǎn)。在數(shù)萬年的經(jīng)驗(yàn)中積累起來的知識以及與大自然中各種植物的緊密聯(lián)系也就開始消失。 take their living from…:靠……過活。

  1. It is logical that a detailed learning of plants and their properties must be extremely ancient.(一段)

  A. Right

  B. Wrong

  C. Not mentioned

  2. People can not survive without plants. (一段)

  A. Right

  B. Wrong

  C. Not mentioned

  3. Tribes living today in the jungle of the Amazon teach botany to their children at school. (一段)

  A. Right

  B. Wrong

  C. Not mentioned

  4. Our direct contact with plants grows with the process of industrialization. (二段)

  A. Right

  B. Wrong

  C. Not mentioned

  5. Today people usually acquire a large amount of botanical knowledge from textbooks.

  A. Right

  B. Wrong

  C. Not mentioned

  6. People living in the Middle East first learned to grow plants for food about 10,000 years ago. (二段)

  A. Right

  B. Wrong

  C. Not mentioned

  7. Once mankind began farming, they no longer had to get food from many varieties that grew wild. (二段)

  A. Right

  B. Wrong

  C. Not mentioned

  答案及題解:

  1.A 文章第一段第三句話中的指示詞“This”回指上一句話中的陳述,即“關(guān)于植物及其特點(diǎn)的詳細(xì)知識一定由來已久”。

  2. A 第二段降到植物對于人類而言是極為重要的,為人類提供了食物、衣服、工具、藥物等生活必需品。

  3. B 第一段結(jié)尾部分提到現(xiàn)今仍生活在亞馬孫叢林中的部落能識別成百上千種植物及其特性,但在他們的詞匯中還沒有“植物學(xué)”這個(gè)詞,甚至有可能不承認(rèn)“植物學(xué)”是專門的知識。因此在學(xué)校中不可能設(shè)該課。

  4. B 第二段第一句話說工業(yè)化的程度越高,我們與職務(wù)的直接接觸就越少。

  5. B 第二段中說人們無意識地獲得了大量植物學(xué)知識,由此可以退出這些知識不是從教科書中獲得的。

  6. A 第二段提到當(dāng)生活在大約一萬年前中東地區(qū)的人們發(fā)現(xiàn)從某些禾本植物中可以收獲糧食,并且播種后下一個(gè)收獲季節(jié)還能產(chǎn)出更多的糧食時(shí),農(nóng)業(yè)就出現(xiàn)了。

  7. B 第二段末尾講從大約一萬年前開始從事農(nóng)耕時(shí)起,人們逐漸地停止采食也過,這是因?yàn)槊妊繒r(shí)期的農(nóng)耕技術(shù)還十分落后,人們還不能從中獲得足夠的糧食。

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  環(huán)球網(wǎng)校友情提示:2016年職稱英語考試3月26日開始,本文整理“2016年職稱英語《綜合類A》閱讀判斷模擬試題一”,供考生參考練習(xí)。如果您在此過程中遇到任何疑問,請登錄環(huán)球網(wǎng)校職稱英語頻道及職稱英語論壇,我們隨時(shí)與廣大考生朋友們一起交流!

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