2019年翻譯資格考試英語(yǔ)筆譯初級(jí)模擬題：節(jié)日

漢譯英

春節(jié)

中國(guó)的春節(jié)在農(nóng)歷一月一日，是新一年的開始。這是舉家團(tuán)圓的時(shí)刻。一般說來，在春節(jié)前幾天，只要有可能的話，多數(shù)人無(wú)論身處何地都會(huì)回家，就像圣誕節(jié)一樣，人們會(huì)買很多東西如食品、禮物、衣服和煙花爆竹給孩子們。在除夕之夜，多數(shù)農(nóng)村家庭仍然保持著一些傳統(tǒng)習(xí)俗，如在兩扇門上都貼上門神和春聯(lián)。他們把“福”字倒貼在墻上和家具的門上，意思是“福到了”。除夕之夜的年夜飯是必不可少的程序。全家人圍坐著一張桌子一同分享佳肴，人多的話興許不止一張桌子。家人還會(huì)為沒能趕回家的親人留些座位，仿佛他們也在一起吃似的。年夜飯過后，大家會(huì)坐在一起，觀看中央電視臺(tái)的春節(jié)特別節(jié)目，等待新年的到來。午夜將近時(shí)，特別節(jié)目也接近尾聲，這時(shí)家家戶戶都到戶外去放鞭炮，據(jù)說這樣可以驅(qū)妖除魔。新年的早飯是很特別的，北方人吃餃子，南方人吃糯米飯團(tuán)。走親訪友從新年的第一天就開始了，俗稱“拜年”。每到這時(shí)，孩子們是最開心的，因?yàn)樗麄兛梢詮拈L(zhǎng)輩那里拿到壓歲錢，據(jù)說壓歲錢能帶給他們好運(yùn)。新年第五天，人們祭拜財(cái)神，送走新年。

春節(jié)就結(jié)束了。

參考譯文

The Spring Festival

According to the Chinese lunar calendar, the Spring Festival falls on the first day of the first month, which marks the beginning of a new year. It is a time for family reunion. In most cases, just a few days before the festival, if possible, most of the family members come home, no matter where they are. And like the Christmas season, people buy a lot of things: food, gifts, clothing and fireworks for children. On the New Year's eve, most of the families in the countryside still keep the customs of pasting paintings of door gods on the two doors and couplets on either side of the doors. They put the Chinese character meaning "happiness" upside down and paste it on walls and doors of the furniture to mean "happiness has come." Feast dinner is a must for the whole family on the New Year's eve, when all the family members sit at one or more tables. Dinner seats will be arranged for the absent members as if they were also joining the dinner. After dinner, they sit together waiting for the coming of the New Year, usually by watching the CCTV special program for Spring Festival. At midnight when it is near the end of the program, every family goes out to set off firecrackers, which is said to drive evils away. Breakfast for the New Year's Day is special, Jiaozi for those in North China and small glutinous rice balls for the southerners.

Visits are exchanged to relatives and friends from the New Year's Day on, which is called "Bainian". Children are the happiest ones because they can get lucky money from their seniors.

The money is believed to bring good luck to them. On the fifth day, people celebrate the end of the Festival by worshipping the Fortune God.

漢譯英

端午節(jié)

公元前278年，也就是屈原六十二歲那年，他在汩羅江邊，聽到秦國(guó)軍隊(duì)攻破了楚國(guó)的國(guó)都，便懷著悲痛的心情，抱了一塊石頭，投汩羅江自殺了。那天正好是農(nóng)歷五月五日。楚國(guó)人民非常熱愛屈原。汩羅江附近的老百姓聽到屈原自殺的消息，都紛紛趕來，劃著漁船，拿著竹竿，四處打撈屈原的遺體，結(jié)果什么也沒有打撈到。大家非常失望，又十分懷念屈原。他們擔(dān)心屈原的遺體被江里的魚蝦吃掉，就劃著船，把包好的粽子扔到江里去給魚蝦吃。他以后，每到農(nóng)歷五月五日這一天，中國(guó)人家家戶戶都包粽子，吃粽子，表示對(duì)偉大詩(shī)人屈原的紀(jì)念。這就是中國(guó)人民的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日“端午節(jié)”。

參考譯文

The Double Fifth Festival

In the year of 278 B. C., when he was 62 and staying at the side of the Miluo River, Qu Yuan heard that Qin troops had finally conquered Chu's capital. Overwhelmed with grief and despair, he drowned himself in the river, with a large stone in his arms. That day happened to be the fifth day of the fifth month in the Chinese lunar calendar.

The people of Chu had a great esteem and love for Qu Yuan. On hearing the news of his suicide, people who lived nearby came hurriedly in boats and attempted to retrieve his body with long bamboo poles but, to their distress, without avail. Filled with a deep sense of loss and worried that his body might be eaten up by fish and shrimps, they threw into the water pyramid- shaped glutinous dumplings wrapped in reed or bamboo leaves to divert them. Since then, on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month every year, each household in China would make and eat rice dumplings to commemorate the great poet Qu Yuan. This is the traditional Chinese festival known as the Double Fifth Festival.