2022年上半年商務(wù)英語(yǔ)中級(jí)口試練習(xí)題：緩解壓力

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Stress Management

壓力管理

Everyone experiences stress from time to time, so it is perfectly normal.

任何人都會(huì)時(shí)不時(shí)地感到有壓力，所以有壓力感是完全正常的。

However, normal doesn’t necessarily mean healthy. Nor is it inevitable!

但是正常不一定就等于健康。而且壓力感也不是不可避免的。

Believe it or not, you can learn how to largely eliminate stress.

信不信由你，你能學(xué)會(huì)如何最大限度地消除壓力。

I don’t mean eliminate the pressures in your life --- those will probably persist.

我所說(shuō)的消除壓力并不是指消除你人生中的困擾---它們也許將會(huì)伴隨你一生。

The way I think of it, pressure is what is happening to you, but stress is how you react to those pressure.

依我之見(jiàn)，困擾是正發(fā)生在你身上的事情，而壓力是你對(duì)那些困擾的反應(yīng)。

So, you can keep the pressure and get rid of the stress.

所以你可以有困擾而同時(shí)能夠排解壓力。

A good example of this comes from the study of stress in executives.

對(duì)管理層的壓力研究就是一個(gè)很好的例子。

Several studies have shown that low and middle level executives show many stress symptoms, like ulcers, high blood pressure, tension, burn-out and so on.

不少研究表明，中、低層管理人員身上有許多壓力癥狀，如胃潰瘍、高血壓、緊張、筋疲力盡等。

Top executives, however, as a group show much fewer stress signs.

整體而言，高層管理人員身上的壓力信號(hào)反而較少。

There are exceptions in both directions, of course why do big wigs show fewer signs of stress?

當(dāng)然在兩個(gè)群體中都有例外。為什么大多數(shù)高層管理人員的壓力癥狀較少呢?

There may be many reasons, like more control over their lives, but it is hard to believe they don’t have pressures.

原因是多方面的，比如它們更善于調(diào)控生活。不過(guò)，說(shuō)他們沒(méi)有困擾也是令人難以置信的。

So why don’t they get as stressed out?

那么他們?yōu)槭裁床粫?huì)被壓力擠垮呢?

Probably the main reason is that they are either naturally stress resistant or have learned how to handle the pressure without letting it eat them up.

最主要的原因也許在于他們天生就能抵制壓力，或是已經(jīng)學(xué)會(huì)如何應(yīng)對(duì)困擾而不為困擾所吞沒(méi)。

It’s like the old saying,” If you can’t stand the heat, get out of the kitchen”.

這就好比那個(gè)古老的諺語(yǔ)所言：“如果你受不了炎熱，那就遠(yuǎn)離廚房。”

Fortunately, stress management is largely a learnable skill.

值得慶幸的是，壓力緩解技巧在很大程度上是能夠?qū)W會(huì)的。

Most people can learn how to take the heat in their lives.

大多數(shù)人都能學(xué)會(huì)如何承受他們?nèi)松械?ldquo;炙熱”

Before we talk about how, let’s consider what stress is in more detail.

在探討如何應(yīng)對(duì)之前，讓我們來(lái)更詳細(xì)的認(rèn)識(shí)壓力。

The way I think of it, stress is a “false alarm”. What I mean is that it is that erroneous activation of the “danger alarm” system of the brain.

依我之見(jiàn)，壓力就是“出錯(cuò)預(yù)警”，即大腦中“危險(xiǎn)警報(bào)”系統(tǒng)提示的一種出錯(cuò)行為的激活反應(yīng)。

I visualize it as a big red fire alarm inside the head.

我把它想象成大腦中的火警報(bào)器。

This is a system we are all born with and it is a good thing to have.

人腦天生就有該警報(bào)器，這是件好事。

However, the biological purpose of this system is to help prepare us for dealing with real physical danger.

然而，從生物學(xué)角度來(lái)看，該系統(tǒng)是為我們處理真正的生理危機(jī)做準(zhǔn)備的。

When the danger alarm is turned on, it produces a physiological response called the “ fight or flight” reaction, which helps us to fight the danger or flee it.

一旦危險(xiǎn)警報(bào)預(yù)警，就會(huì)產(chǎn)生生理反應(yīng)，稱(chēng)為“迎擊或退避”反應(yīng)，它能幫助我們抗擊危險(xiǎn)或逃離危險(xiǎn)。

PART ONE: Interview

(1) Have you ever been stressed out at work?(Why?/Why not?)

在工作中你是否曾感到過(guò)力不從心?(為什么?)

Yes. Not only I but workers at every level are experiencing increased tension and uncertainty. In today’s economic upheavals(巨變), downsizing, layoff, merger, and bankruptcies have cost thousands of workers their jobs. To maintain the current economic status, we must to competitive, work longer and harder and improve ourselves.

(2) What do you think managers can do to help staff relieve work stress?

你認(rèn)為經(jīng)理們可以以哪種方式幫助員工緩解壓力?

Employees report that they are often stressed when they have too little or too much to do. So managers need to divide responsibilities and help employees prioritize work that must be done and take into account the cost of stress before increasing anyone’s workload or hire more people.

(3) How to deal with it when you feel nervous and physically upset?

當(dāng)感到緊張或身體不適時(shí)，你有何應(yīng)對(duì)措施?

I will manage to relax by taking a slow and deep breath or laughing out loud. If the psychological problems worsen into physical illness, then I will go to see the doctor and take medicine.

(4) Are there any advantages in working under stress?(Why?/Why not?)

背負(fù)壓力工作有無(wú)好處?(為什么?)

Yes. Stress adds anticipation and excitement to life, and we all thrive under a certain amount of stress. Competitions, confrontations(對(duì)抗), and even our frustrations and sorrows enrich our lives. Without stress, we sometimes may feel bored and dejected.

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