2018年成人英語三級(jí)考前預(yù)測試題（16）

　　Extensive new studies suggest that the world has made extraordinary progress in reducing pov-erty in recent decades. The research suggests that the pace of economic progress has been rapid and continued for decades, built on the foundations of relative political stability, rising trade, and eco-nomic liberalization( 自由化) after two world wars. One new study, published recently by the In-stitute for International Economics in Washington, find that the proportion of the 6.1 billion people in the world who live on $1 a day or less shrank from 63 percent in 1950 to 35 percent in 1955 and 12 percent in 1999. By some other measures, the progress has been more modest., S,ti!l, econ-omists agree that poverty has plunged in key nations such as India and especially China, thanks, to slowing population growth as well as economic freedom. "This is a huge success for the world as .a whole," says Harvard University economist Richard Cooper. "We are doing something right. "

　　The news comes as the World Bank is about to open its annual meeting in Washington--an e-vent that has been troubled in recent years by protests that the Bank and its sister Institution, the In-ternational Monetary Fund(IMF國際貨幣組織), have done too little for the world' s poor. The new economic research will notput an end to that:dispute. Vast populations remain poor, and man-y still question the wisdom of World Bank policies. Nonetheless, the research findings are helpful.

　　to understand what policies, should be followed by those institutions and hundreds of other develop-ment groups working very hard to hasten the pace of world economic progress, if dramatic gains are under way, the present policies-calling for open markets, free business activities, and tight mo-netary control are working and correct.

　　But critics of IMF and World Bank policies maintain that such economic success stories as Ja-pan, China, South Korea and Singapore are rooted in more than just "free" markets. These nations have managed to grow rapidly, and thereby reduce poverty, by limiting imports when their domes-tic industries were young, pushing exports to rich nations, and putting controls on purely intema-tional financial flows. The have been open to foreign-owned factories but have often insisted that those investors share the knowledge and skill on modern technologies.

　　21. The word "plunged" in the first paragraph means__________.

　　A. decreased

　　B. climbed

　　C. increased

　　D. dropped into water

　　答案：C

　　22. From the passage, we learn that__________.

　　A. World Bank has done nothing to help the poor in the world

　　B. IMF only helps the rich in the world

　　C. World Bank controls all the banks in the world

　　D. There are some demonstrations against World Bank in recent years

　　答案：A

　　23. According to this passage, in __________ , the world had the largest number of poor people.

　　A. 1999

　　B. 1955

　　C. 1950

　　D. 1990

　　答案：B

　　24. According to the author, the economy of East Asian countries grew very fast because of the fol-lowing measures EXCEPT__________.

　　A. encouraging export

　　B. opening up to foreign investments

　　C. limiting international financial flows

　　D. controlling import

　　答案：C

　　25. The best title for this passage might be__________.

　　A. China' s Contribution to the Reduction of Poverty in the World

　　B. World Bank' s Extraordinary Progress in Recent Decades

　　C. India' s Leading Role in Reducing Global Poverty

　　D. Global Progress in Reducing Poverty

　　答案：A

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