2021年學(xué)位英語(yǔ)考試精選試題及答案（十三）

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2021年學(xué)位英語(yǔ)考試精選試題及答案：

1. _______ should any money be given to a small child.

A. On no account B. From all accounts

C. Of no account D. By all accounts

2. _______ some mammals came to live in the sea is now known.

A. Which B. Since

C. Although D. How

3. ______ student with a little common sense should be able to answer the question.

A. Each B. Any

C. Either D. One

4. _______ such a good chance, he planned to learn more.

A. To be given B. Having been given

C. Having given D. Giving

5. _______ that my head had cleared, my brain was also beginning to work much better.

A. For B. Now

C. Since D. Despite

6. _______ that the trade between the two countries reached its highest point.

A. During the 1960's B. That it was in the 1960's

C. It was in the 1960's D. It was the 1960's

7. _______ that they may eventually reduce the amount of labor needed on construction sites by 90 percent.

A. So clever are the construction robots

B. So clever the construction robots are

C. Such construction robots are clever

D. Such clever construction robots are

8. _______ that you were out, I wouldn't have bothered to come all the way at that time of night.

A. If I should know B. If I know

C. Had I known D. Were I to know

9. _______ the advances of science, the discomforts of old age will no doubt always be with us.

A. As for B. Despite

C. Except D. Besides

10. _______ the claim about German economic might, it is somewhat surprising how relatively small the German economy actually is.

A. To give B. Given

C. Giving D. Having given

11. ______ the fact that he was in his seventies, the old man decided to swim across the channel.

A. At B. Since

C. Despite D. With

12. _______ the flood, the ship would have reached its destination on time.

A. In case of B. In spite of

C. Because of D. But for

13. _______ the library _______ the bookstore has the book I need. Will you tell me where I can get it?

A. Neither, nor B. Neither, or

C. Either, or D. Either, nor

14. _______ the sight of the police officers, the men ran off.

A. In B. At

C. On D. With

15. _______ the wall, we decided that we should need three tins of paint.

A. Making up B. Doing up

C. Putting up D. Sizing up.

參考答案及解析：

1. A【句意】決不能把任何錢交給一個(gè)小孩。

【解析】具有否定意義的短語(yǔ)on no account用做狀語(yǔ)，意為"決不"，用于句首時(shí)，句子主謂要倒裝。例如： On no account must we view problems superficially and in isolation.我們決不能僅從表面上孤立地看待問題，of no account意為"不重要的"，相當(dāng)于形容詞。例如： His speech was of no account.他的發(fā)言毫不重要。from all accounts和 by all accounts意為"從(所有報(bào)紙等)的報(bào)道看"，例如： From(By) all accounts he has been to Guilin.根據(jù)各種說法，他去過桂林。From(By)all accounts he is a good doctor.根據(jù)各種說法，他是一位出色的醫(yī)生。

2. D【句意】有些哺乳動(dòng)物是如何開始在大海中成長(zhǎng)的現(xiàn)在人們已經(jīng)知道了。

【解析】根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)我們可以看出，在is前面是一個(gè)主語(yǔ)從句。而since和although一般均引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句，不引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，故B和C應(yīng)當(dāng)排除。which作為連接代詞，意為"哪些，哪個(gè)"，可以引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，which在從句中一般做定語(yǔ)，如。 The question is in which way we can carry out the test.問題是我們用什么方法才能進(jìn)行這次測(cè)試。該句中已有some修飾mammals，再用which實(shí)屬多余，因此A也可以排除。how做連接副調(diào)，意為"如何"，可以引導(dǎo)名詞性從句， 如：I want to know how he feels about working for 10 hours a day.我想知道他對(duì)一天工作10個(gè)小時(shí)是怎樣想的。由此可見D為該題正確答案。

3. B【句意】任何有一點(diǎn)常識(shí)的學(xué)生應(yīng)該能夠回答這個(gè)問題。

【解析】any一般用在否定句或疑問句中(在肯定向中一般要用some)，但是該詞也可用于肯定句中，意為"任何，無論哪一個(gè)"，此時(shí)的any須重讀。例如: The government is opposed to any further increase in taxes.政府反對(duì)進(jìn)一步增加稅收。Any device that stores up electric charge is called an electric capacitor.任何儲(chǔ)存電荷的裝置都叫電容器。 each做"各自的，每個(gè)的，每一"講，例如：Each book and each pen is found in its place.每一本書每一支筆都放得并并有條。either用作形容詞，意為"任一的，(兩方中的)每一方的"，常和or連用，例如： In either case，whenever atoms are changed, energy is released.在任一情況下，每當(dāng)原子發(fā)生變化時(shí)，總要釋放出能量。

4. B【句意】給了這么好一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)，他計(jì)劃學(xué)到更多的東西。

【解析】該題旨在考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的用法?，F(xiàn)在分詞的完成式表示該分詞所表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示動(dòng)作之前，而現(xiàn)在分詞的一般式則表示該動(dòng)作和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，如： Relying on our own efforts，we overcame one difficulty after another.我們依靠自己的力量克服了一個(gè)又一個(gè)困難。Having worked among the workers for so many years，he knew them very well.由于在工人中工作多年，他對(duì)他們非常了解。根據(jù)句意，該處應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，故B為正確答案，而 C和 D錯(cuò)誤。不定式一般用作目的狀語(yǔ)，表示將來的動(dòng)作，如：To generate a current by magnetic action，a wire is made to pass through a mangnetic field.為了通過磁作用來產(chǎn)生電流，可以使用導(dǎo)線切割磁場(chǎng)。 To do a good job，we must have the right tools.要干好活工具要對(duì)頭?？梢夾也錯(cuò)誤。

5. B【句意】由于我的頭腦已經(jīng)清醒了，我的大腦也開始里靈活起來。

【解析】now that是復(fù)合連詞.意為"既然，由于"，如：Now that you've grown up，you must stop this childish behavior. 你既然長(zhǎng)大了，就必須停止這種幼稚的行為。for和 since接從句時(shí)，都不和that連用，despite后要跟名詞，所以正確答案是B.

6. C【句意】正是在二十世紀(jì)六十年代，這兩個(gè)國(guó)家的貿(mào)易達(dá)到了頂點(diǎn)。

【解析】該題旨在考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。我們知道，英語(yǔ)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的結(jié)構(gòu)是"It + is (was)+ 被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+ that(who)+ 句子其他部分".被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分可以是主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)，如：It was Tom that(who)met your sister in the zoo yesterday.是湯姆昨天在動(dòng)物園碰到你姐姐的。 It was your sister that(whom)Tom met in the zoo yesterday.湯姆昨天在動(dòng)物園碰到的是你姐姐。 It was in the zoo that Tom met your sister yesterday.湯姆昨天是在動(dòng)物園碰到你姐姐的。 It was yesterday that Tom met your sister in the zoo.湯姆是昨天在動(dòng)物園碰到你姐姐的。根據(jù)句意，該題強(qiáng)調(diào)的是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，可見只有C能與之構(gòu)成完整的強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，為正確答案。

7. A【句意】建筑用機(jī)器人是如此的聰明，以至于他們能夠減少工地用工量的百分之九十。

【解析】 such(A用在名詞前(帶或不帶形容詞)，so用在形容詞前(不帶名詞)，例如：She was embarrassed at such a request.對(duì)這樣的請(qǐng)求她感到很為難。She was anxious about her daughter being out so late at night.女兒晚上外出，很晚不歸，她為此擔(dān)心。"so + 形容詞 + a(n)+ 名詞"結(jié)構(gòu)常用于書面語(yǔ)。例如：I has never met so gentle a person. This is so beautiful a country.這是一個(gè)非常美麗的國(guó)家。 用so和such的詞組，后面可跟that引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句，例如：She made such a good meal that we all ate far too much.她萊燒得這么好，我們都吃得太多了。根據(jù)句意及結(jié)構(gòu)，C Such construction robots are clever和 Dsuch clever construction robots are錯(cuò)誤，可改為They are such clever construction robots…。so或 such引起的短語(yǔ)位于句首，表示強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)，主句主謂要倒裝。例如：So clever is the boy that we all like him.小孩子十分聰明，我們都喜歡他。 Such was the force of explosion that all the windows were broken.爆炸的威力很大，所有的窗子都震壞了。因此，A正確而B錯(cuò)誤。

8. C【句意】如果我知道你出去了，晚上那個(gè)時(shí)間我不會(huì)去打擾你。

【解析】根據(jù)句意，此處應(yīng)使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，因此B錯(cuò)誤。A盡管使用了虛擬語(yǔ)氣，但它表示的是對(duì)一般將來情況的虛擬，所以時(shí)態(tài)不正確。為了表示語(yǔ)氣上的強(qiáng)調(diào)，虛擬條件句中可以省略if，而此時(shí)從句應(yīng)使用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，如： Had he taken a little more time to think，he might have acted more reasonably.如果他再多用一點(diǎn)時(shí)間思考一下，他的行動(dòng) 就可能會(huì)更理智些。盡管D也使用了倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，但它表示的是對(duì)一般將來的虛擬，時(shí)態(tài)不正確?？梢娭挥蠧正確。

9. B【句意】盡管科技進(jìn)步了，人老以后帶來的各種不便會(huì)伴隨著我們。

【解析】despite意為"盡管，不顧"，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)，如：He persisted in going his own way，despite my warnings.他不顧我的再三警告，一意孤行。as for意為"至于……，就……而言"，如：As for it，I will say nothing any more.至于這件事情，我不再說什么了。 except意為"除……之外"，表示排除與整體性質(zhì)相同的人或物，如： He gets up early every day except on Sunday.除星期日外，他每天早起。besides意為"除……之外"，如：Besides English he can speak French and German. 除了會(huì)說英語(yǔ)外。他還會(huì)說法語(yǔ)和德語(yǔ)。由此可見，B是正確答案。

10. B【句意】考慮到德國(guó)對(duì)其經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)力所作的聲明，德國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)力的弱小實(shí)在讓人驚訝。

【解析】過去分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)一般要和句子主語(yǔ)有邏輯動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，但是有時(shí)句子中的過去分詞雖然和句子主語(yǔ)不是邏輯動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，但卻符合語(yǔ)法，因?yàn)檫@些過去分詞功能相當(dāng)于一個(gè)連詞或介詞，given就是其中之一。 given可用作介詞，意為"考慮到,假定，假若"，例如： Given the weather，the football game was quite good.考慮到天氣因素，這場(chǎng)足球賽踢得相當(dāng)不錯(cuò)。Given that he was still a boy，I forgave him.考慮到他還是個(gè)孩子，我就原諒他了。

11. C【句意】盡管自己已經(jīng)七十多歲了，這位老人還是決定游過海峽。

【解析】本句意為"盡管老人已 70多歲，他還是決定要橫游過海峽。"despite在此是介詞，意為"盡管"，如： Despite a shortage of steel，industrial output has increased by five percent.盡管鋼材供應(yīng)不足，工業(yè)產(chǎn)量仍增長(zhǎng)了5%。其他三項(xiàng)均不符合本意思。

12. D【句意】要不是這次洪水，這艘船就會(huì)準(zhǔn)時(shí)到達(dá)目的地了。

【解析】would have reached是虛擬語(yǔ)氣形式，根據(jù)句意，需填入表示虛擬條件的從句或類似結(jié)構(gòu)，因此，選but for. but for意為"倘沒有;要不是"，它與后面的名詞所構(gòu)成的結(jié)構(gòu)的作用相當(dāng)于虛擬條件狀語(yǔ)從句，例如： But for(Had it not been for) your help，we should not have finished in time.要不是你幫忙，我們不會(huì)及時(shí)完工。 in case of 意為"假如;如果發(fā)生，防備"，例如; In case of fire，walk quietly to the nearest door.如發(fā)生火災(zāi)，要鎮(zhèn)靜地走向最近的門口。 in spite of 意為"雖然，不顧，盡管……仍……"，例如：In spite of all his efforts he failed.他雖然做了各種努力，仍然失敗了, because of意為"因?yàn)?quot;，例如：I said nothing about it，because of his wife's being there.因?yàn)樗钠拮釉谀抢?，我?duì)這事一字未提。

13. A【句意】圖書館和書店都沒有我需要的書。你能告訴我在那能夠買得到嗎?

【解析】"neither…nor…"和"either…or…"均為固定搭配，連接兩個(gè)相等的成分。因此B和D應(yīng)該排除。"either…or…"連接兩個(gè)相等的成分時(shí)，意為"或者……，或者……"，兩者必具其一。根據(jù)第二句話，我們知道在the library和 the bookstore均沒有"我"所需要的書，故C也應(yīng)排除.因此只有A是正確答案.

14. B【句意】一看到警察，人們四散跑去了。

【解析】at(the)sight of的意思是"一看見……就"，如： She wept at the sight of his distress. 一宕見他那痛苦的樣子她就流淚了。 in sight或within sight意為"看得見，迫近"，如：Peace is now in sight. 和平在望。 in the sight of意為"從……觀點(diǎn)來看，在……看來"，如： He was punishable in the sight of law.從法律的角度來看他該受罰。

15. D【句意】考慮到墻的面積，我們認(rèn)為我們需要三罐油漆。

【解析】size up意為"判斷，估量"，如： They sized him up with a look.他們一眼就看出他是什么樣的人了make up意為"構(gòu)成，化妝"，如： A car is made up of many different parts.汽車由許多不同的部件組成。 do up意為"扎，捆"，如： You should do up the parcel.你應(yīng)把這個(gè)包裹捆上. put up意為"舉起，建造"，如： put your hands up舉起手來。

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