2019年翻譯考試初級英語筆譯練習(xí)題（1）

漢譯英

1.全球每年有45億多噸的碳排放在大氣中。

2.排放廢氣的煙囪越高，盛行風(fēng)的風(fēng)力越強勁，污染物波及就越遠。

3.加拿大境內(nèi)降落的酸雨有一半來自美國的污染源，而美國東部酸雨的十分之一則源自加拿大。

4.近年來，加拿大有關(guān)當(dāng)局采取了重大舉措來解決酸雨問題。

5.聯(lián)邦政府要求排污方降低二氧化硫的排放量，相比于1980年，1990年要降低25%，1994年在此基礎(chǔ)上再降25%。

6.研究表明：如果美國政府也采取同樣措施來處理污染問題，環(huán)境中酸的含量就可以控制在可以接受的水平。

7.1989年世界各國再次召開會議，商討限制各國間危險性廢物的轉(zhuǎn)移問題。

8.這項協(xié)議要求工業(yè)化國家的排放量較1990年平均降低5%。

9.或許人們正在逐步認(rèn)識到確立有關(guān)環(huán)境產(chǎn)權(quán)的必要性。

10.直到1990年美國政府才就減少排放做出實質(zhì)性承諾。

11.人類應(yīng)該為整個環(huán)境問題負責(zé)，包括全球變暖和臭氧層大大減少的問題。

12.二氧化碳與水結(jié)合后，酸性更大，可能對海洋生物造成傷害。

13.按照當(dāng)前的增長率，到2050年二氧化碳的濃度(concentration)將達到550ppm，因而將增高全球溫度大約4℃。

14.空氣污染不僅對人體有害，而且影響環(huán)境，例如，它腐蝕建筑物、破壞莊稼和森林，甚至導(dǎo)致空氣能見度低而發(fā)生交通事故。

15.這個方案將集中力量控制酸雨污染、空氣污染、水污染，并采取綜合處理措施。

16.近年來，中國汽車總量劇增，大量排放有害氣體，成為危害國人身心健康的“無形殺手”。

17.據(jù)官方分析城市大氣污染70%以上來自汽車尾氣排放。

18.汽車尾氣污染的問題已引起政府和民眾的高度重視，一系列治理措施正在逐步有效地展開。

19.科學(xué)家在地球的每一個角落——從大城市到遙遠的南極，都發(fā)現(xiàn)有污染的跡象。

20.最保守的估計是，氣溫將在本世紀(jì)上升2至3度，造成大量問題，耗費總值50000億美元。

參考答案

1.Globally，more than 4.5 billion tones of carbon are injected into the earth's atmosphere each year.

2.The taller the smokestacks and the stronger the prevailing winds, the farther away from the source of the pollution the damage is likely to occur.

3.Fifty percent of the acid rain that falls in Canada comes from American sources, and about 10 percent of the acid rain that falls in the eastern United States comes from Canada.

4. Canadian authorities have taken major steps in coming to grips with the problem of acid rain in recent years.

5.The federal government set a requirement that polluters reduce sulphur-dioxide emissions below 1980 levels by 25 percent by 1990 and by a further 25 percent by 1994. 6.Research has indicated that these reductions, along with similar cutbacks in the United States, would maintain acid deposits at an "acceptable" level.

7.The international community again came together in 1989 to limit the movement of hazardous wastes among countries.

8.This agreement calls for the industrialized nations to reduce emissions to an average of about 5 percent below 1990 emission levels.

9.It may be that people are becoming increasingly aware of the need to establish property rights for the environment.

10. It was only in 1990 that the U. S. government made a substantial commitment to the emission- reduction program.

11.Humans should be responsible for environmental problems, ranging from global warming to ozone depletion.

12.Mixing carbon dioxide into water makes it more acidic, which potentially could harm marine organisms.

13.At current rates of increase, the carbon dioxide concentration will reach 550ppm by the year 2050 and will raise the global "thermostat" by about 4 degrees centigrade.

14.Au pollution is not only harmful to people but also detrimental to our surroundings. For instance, it corrodes our buildings, damages crops and forests and causes traffic accidents because of poor visibility.

15.This program will concentrate on the control of acid rain pollution, air pollution and water pollution and require comprehensive measures.

16.Over the past few years, the drastic increase of motor vehicles in China has created a large amount of exhaust pollution, forming an "invisible Killer" menacing the physical and mental health of the general public.

17.The official analysis indicates that over 70 percent of air pollution in urban areas comes from vehicle emissions.

18.Pollution caused by vehicles exhaust has attracted high attention of both the general public and the government. A series of improvement measures have been put into effect.

19.Scientists have founded evidence of pollution everywhere on Earth, from the largest cities to the remote and isolate South Pole.

20.The most conservative estimates are that the temperatures will rise by 2-3℃ in this century, causing considerable problems, at a total cost of US$ 5,000 billion.